Articles tagged with Muscles
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers found that Carnotaurus' unique tail structure supported a massive caudofemoralis muscle, allowing for exceptional straight-ahead speed. The muscle's attachment to the upper leg bones also enabled powerful flexing, giving the dinosaur increased power and speed.
Researchers have developed novel motors that twist like elephant trunks, providing a thousand times higher rotation per length than previous artificial muscles. The motors use carbon nanotube yarns and can accelerate a paddle up to 590 revolutions per minute, making them suitable for applications such as microfluidic pumps and mixers.
Researchers from UBC and international partners develop artificial muscles strong enough to rotate objects a thousand times their own weight, with the same flexibility as an elephant's trunk or octopus limbs. The new material is composed of carbon nanotube yarns that can twist and untwist, enabling rapid rotation and control.
Researchers found that red-bellied piranhas produce three distinct sounds: a barking noise, a drum-like percussive sound, and a softer 'croaking' sound. The fish's swim bladder vibrates in response to muscle contractions, producing these sounds.
A new study using cutting-edge technology finds that Tyrannosaurus rex grew more quickly and reached significantly greater masses than previously estimated. The team calculated the body mass of five specimens, including the iconic SUE skeleton, which weighed over nine tons.
Researchers studied lungfish to understand pelvic fin muscle development and its connection to the emergence of hind legs. The team found a transitional mechanism in bony fish that paved the way for tetrapod physiology, highlighting the importance of understanding evolutionary pathways in land adaptation.
Scientists at Boston Children's Hospital discover that motor nerve fibers can regrow but not communicate with muscle fibers in time. A limited time window exists for nerve regeneration and functional reactivation, highlighting the need for prompt treatment.
A team of researchers has identified a way to accelerate the regeneration of injured peripheral nerves in mice, enabling full muscle function recovery. Clinical data suggests that strategies increasing nerve growth rate may enhance functional recovery in patients after peripheral nerve damage.
A team of researchers identified a way to speed up the growth of damaged nerves, restoring muscle function in injured mice. The study suggests that increasing nerve growth rates may enhance functional recovery in patients with peripheral nerve damage.
Researchers found that lamin filaments are essential for proper gene positioning and organization, a crucial factor in maintaining nuclear shape and function. Mutations in lamin genes cause 14 different diseases, including Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy, by disrupting muscle-specific gene reorganization.
A new study published in the FASEB Journal found that rats fed homobrassinolide produced an anabolic effect, increasing lean body mass, muscle mass, and physical performance. The research also suggests potential applications for brassinosteroids in treating muscle wasting conditions.
Researchers found that bats control echolocation calls with the fastest-contracting muscle type, enabling them to produce calls at rates of up to 190 calls per second. This allowed bats to better track insects in flight and make them successful hunters.
Scientists have discovered 'superfast' muscles in bats that allow them to navigate and hunt in total darkness using echolocation. These muscles can contract up to 100 times faster than typical body muscles, enabling the rapid succession of calls needed for successful hunting.
Researchers at Brown University discovered that tendons absorb shocks and store energy, while muscles take on the role of absorbing remaining energy after impact. This finding highlights the critical role of tendons in shock absorption and has implications for the development of synthetic tendons and rehabilitative practices.
Researchers at the University of Missouri have identified a key communication breakdown between nerves and muscles that may lead to new treatments for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) and other motor neuron diseases. The study found that nerve signals are disrupted before reaching muscle ends, which could inform targeted treatments.
The US Department of Defense has awarded the University of South Florida $1.59 million to conduct two major studies on preventing low back injury and improving prosthetics for wounded warriors. The studies will test high-intensity exercise training programs and prosthetic foot technologies in military populations.
Bioengineers at UC Berkeley have successfully reprogrammed mature muscle tissue, a major breakthrough in combating muscle degeneration. The researchers used small molecule inhibitors to de-differentiate mature muscle cells, allowing them to revert back to an earlier stem cell stage.
Arctic ground squirrels have adapted to store high levels of anabolic steroids in their muscles, allowing them to burn protein and maintain vital functions during hibernation. This unique mechanism could hold the key to understanding how to mitigate negative effects of testosterone on human health.
McMaster researchers discovered that mice without essential exercise genes have impaired muscle function and lower mitochondrial levels. The study highlights the importance of AMPK enzyme in exercise regulation and its potential implications for individuals with mobility issues or obesity.
A high-protein, dairy-rich diet has been found to lead to greater whole-body fat and abdomen fat losses, as well as lean mass gains and increased strength. The study also shows that the tissue composition of lost weight is predominantly fat, with no muscle loss.
A study on Mt. Everest climbers suggests that leucine supplementation can help retain muscle mass while burning fat during periods of food restriction. The researchers found that the food item in which leucine was delivered was critical to its effectiveness, and future studies aim to improve the palatability of the supplement.
Researchers investigated the muscle-building effect of protein beverages on athletes. Consuming high-quality protein drinks immediately after exercise increased muscle protein synthesis by 33% compared to periodic smaller doses. The essential amino acid leucine plays a crucial role in stimulating muscle growth during recovery.
Engineers create epidermal electronic systems (EES) with miniature sensors, light-emitting diodes, tiny transmitters and receivers to measure human physiological data. The devices are seamlessly integrated onto the skin, providing opportunities for non-invasive medical monitoring.
A Baylor University study found that NO2 Platinum, a muscle-strengthening supplement, has no significant impact on blood flow. The researchers saw a slight increase in blood flow after exercise but attributed it to resistance exercise rather than the supplement.
A six-month double-blind study found that higher protein intake during weight loss can offset negative effects on muscle mass by maintaining more muscle relative to the amount of weight lost. Women who ate more protein lost 3.9 percent more weight and had a relative gain of 5.8 percent more thigh muscle volume than woman who did not.
A new in vitro study reveals that dilating the tricuspid valve opening or displacing its papillary muscles can cause leakage, with combination of both increasing severity. The study's findings suggest improved diagnosis and treatment for tricuspid regurgitation, a condition affecting millions of Americans.
Engineered from muscle and nerve cells, the functional anal sphincters showed normal tissue function and developed a blood supply when implanted in mice. This breakthrough suggests a potential future treatment for both fecal and urinary incontinence.
Research ties aging muscle weakness to leaky calcium channels in muscle cells. A drug already in Phase II clinical trials for heart failure may help repair these channels, restoring muscle function. The study's findings suggest a new approach to addressing age-related muscle wasting by focusing on muscle function rather than mass.
Aging causes muscle weakness due to calcium leakage from ryanodine receptor channel complex, leading to reduced muscle function. An experimental drug called S107 stabilizes calstabin1, improving muscle force and exercise capacity in aged mice.
Researchers have developed a mouse model for Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and discovered a potential therapy using HDAC6 inhibitors, which halted damage to nerves and reversed symptoms. This treatment could offer new hope for an incurable disease affecting approximately one in 2,500 individuals.
Researchers developed a quicker freeze-drying technique that reduces energy and processing time, resulting in freeze-dried salmon cubes with minimal moisture content. These cubes maintain color, rehydrate quickly, and have reduced shrinkage compared to traditional freeze-drying methods.
A recent study found that higher muscle mass is associated with better insulin sensitivity and lower risk of pre- or overt diabetes. Building muscle may be a key factor in improving metabolic health, particularly for overweight individuals who struggle to lose weight.
A novel molecular technique has restored dystrophin protein production in Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients, offering a new therapeutic option. The treatment, using antisense oligonucleotides, was well-tolerated and showed significant dose-dependent increases in muscle protein levels.
Researchers from Northwestern University have discovered a brain chemical, Substance P, that causes abnormal bone growth in injured muscles. This discovery offers a potential molecular target for preventing and treating heterotopic ossification.
Deep brain stimulation is a therapy approved by the FDA for certain treatment-resistant dystonias and has shown sustained benefit for up to three years. Michele Tagliati, a movement disorders expert, led an international task force that reviewed current practice and research on DBS for dystonia.
Researchers report successful outcomes from a surgical procedure to treat chronic neck stiffness and involuntary movement. The study found that removing part of the platysma muscle significantly improved patients' overall quality of life and reduced neck tension.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have identified a genetic basis for muscle endurance in animal study. The study found that mice lacking a specific gene exhibit increased endurance and fatigue resistance, similar to elite athletes.
Researchers have discovered that a protein in blood vessel walls plays a key role in maintaining healthy blood pressure. Malfunctioning of this protein, Kv7.4, contributes to high blood pressure and can be targeted by new treatment strategies.
A recent study published in PNAS reveals that a specific microRNA, miR-206, plays a pivotal role in normal muscle development during embryonic stages. This discovery has significant implications for understanding the maintenance and regeneration of healthy muscle tissue, particularly in diseases such as muscular dystrophy and cancer.
Research by the University of Exeter reveals that drinking beetroot juice enables competitive-level cyclists to cut down the time it takes to ride a given distance. The study found that riders who consumed beetroot juice had a higher power output and were 11 seconds quicker over a 4km distance.
Researchers discovered a key difference in how fish and mammals chew their food. Fish primarily use their tongue muscles to transport food into the mouth, whereas mammals use them to position food for optimal chewing by teeth.
Researchers found that birds flap their wings while running up steep objects to conserve energy, with power savings reaching 10%. This behavior may be essential for learning to fly and could have been a key stage in the evolution of flight.
New York Medical College scientist Stuart A. Newman suggests that the loss of a gene critical for heat generation led to the emergence of enlarged skeletal muscles in birds, enabling them to walk on two legs and adapt to flying or swimming. This theory challenges traditional views on bird evolution and extinction
A randomized, double-blind study compared the efficacy of botulinum toxin type A (onabotulinumtoxinA) and B (abobotulinumtoxinA) in reducing crow's feet wrinkles. AbobotulinumtoxinA was found to produce a greater effect when participants contracted their muscles, but no significant difference was seen at rest. The study suggests that a...
Researchers found that shorter, less strenuous warm-ups resulted in less muscle fatigue yet more peak power output compared to traditional warm-ups. This suggests that a better approach would be to aim for just enough activity to promote post-activation potentiation without creating fatigue.
Researchers have discovered a potential treatment for muscle wasting disorders using a compound found in apple peel called ursolic acid. The study found that ursolic acid promoted muscle growth and reduced muscle atrophy in mice, while also lowering body fat, blood sugar levels, cholesterol, and triglycerides.
Researchers identified a natural compound in apple peels as a promising new treatment for muscle wasting. Ursolic acid enhanced insulin signaling and corrected gene signatures linked to atrophy, promoting muscle growth and reducing blood levels of glucose and cholesterol.
Researchers have discovered a new protein, neuritin, that helps nerve fibers navigate towards muscles in zebrafish models of SMA. Artificially stimulating neuritin production improves axon branching and connection formation, leading to potential drug therapy options.
A study found that formoterol improves fat burning and protein metabolism in men, increasing metabolism by over 10% and fat oxidation by nearly 25%. The results suggest potential benefits for preventing obesity and muscle loss in humans.
Muscle cell fusion is crucial for understanding normal muscle growth and regeneration after injury or disease. Johns Hopkins researchers discovered the role of a regulatory protein called Blown Fuse in facilitating muscle cell merging by disrupting the WASP-WIP protein duo, which regulates cytoskeleton dynamics.
A team of scientists flew microscopic worms into space to test the effectiveness of RNA interference (RNAi) as a treatment for muscle degradation caused by space travel. The experiment showed promising results, suggesting that RNAi could be used to prevent muscle loss in astronauts and help people suffering from similar conditions.
Researchers discovered Sox6 gene regulator that maintains fast muscle type and inhibits slow muscle development. Adult mice lacking Sox6 in fast muscles showed changes in muscle performance, including slower contraction speed and reduced fatigue.
A new non-invasive wireless near-infrared device has been shown to be as reliable as current invasive tests in determining bladder disease. The device uses light shone through the skin to monitor changes in bladder physiology, revealing consistent patterns of normal oxygen availability and blood supply in healthy subjects during urinat...
A recent study published in the Journal of Applied Physiology found that shorter warm-ups can result in less muscle fatigue and improved peak power output. The study suggested that sprint athletes may benefit from adopting a shorter and less strenuous warm-up for better performance.
A novel gene called MLIP has been identified as affecting heart development and the aging process. The discovery opens up new avenues for understanding cardiac development and loss of cardiac function.
A recent study published in Nature has identified a key molecular mechanism that causes stem cells to differentiate into muscle cells in embryos. This breakthrough discovery could lead to new treatments for muscle dysfunction associated with aging and disease.
A study found that high doses of vitamin D supplementation on top of a standard rehabilitation program improves exercise capacity and respiratory muscle strength in patients with COPD. However, the treatment did not significantly improve health-related quality of life.
Researchers identify epithelial cells as key to sponge movement, contradicting long-held assumption about muscle cell origins. The study uses 3D imaging to visualize sponges' contracted and expanded states, revealing a new understanding of the evolutionary development of musculature.
Researchers found that penguins' muscles have sufficient oxygen to sustain dives for up to 20 minutes, contrary to earlier theories. The team's discovery reveals a surprising efficiency in the birds' underwater metabolism.
Researchers discovered losartan improves muscle regeneration and prevents wasting away from inactivity in geriatric mice. The study suggests losartan may have broader clinical applications in protecting against immobilization atrophy in older adults.