Articles tagged with Insulin Resistance
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Researchers at Joslin Diabetes Center have identified the Sirt3 enzyme as a potential target for treating type 2 diabetes and prediabetes. The study found that Sirt3 levels are decreased in skeletal muscle cells of individuals with diabetes, contributing to insulin resistance and energy metabolism issues.
A recent study found that higher muscle mass is associated with better insulin sensitivity and lower risk of pre- or overt diabetes. Building muscle may be a key factor in improving metabolic health, particularly for overweight individuals who struggle to lose weight.
A daily intake of resveratrol in red wine may prevent insulin resistance and loss of bone mineral density in rats exposed to simulated weightlessness. The study suggests that resveratrol could help mitigate the negative effects of sedentary behaviors in humans.
A study found that a low-saturated fat and low-glycemic index diet decreased certain biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease in healthy adults, while also improving memory performance. However, the diet had the opposite effect on individuals with mild cognitive impairment, potentially due to its short duration.
A new study found that overweight girls who consumed sugar-free, low-fat desserts several times a week lost more weight and had better blood pressure control compared to those who ate dessert once a week. The low-glycemic index desserts also improved appetite-suppressing hormone levels and insulin resistance markers.
Researchers at Joslin Diabetes Center identified PKC-delta as a major factor for insulin resistance in mice, correlating with obesity-related conditions. The enzyme's activity was found to be increased in both human and mouse models of insulin resistance, suggesting it as a promising target for drug development.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins University developed an approach to sensitize prostate cancer cells to radiation therapy by knocking down the expression of a gene responsible for DNA repair. Meanwhile, researchers at Weill Cornell Medical College found that a multiple sclerosis drug causes adverse effects in the lungs by degrading S1P rece...
Researchers found that people with diabetes who sleep poorly have higher insulin resistance and worse control of their blood glucose levels. Poor sleep quality was associated with a 23% increase in morning blood glucose levels and a 48% increase in blood insulin levels.
A study from UNC School of Medicine found that saturated fatty acids activate immune cells to produce inflammatory protein interleukin-1beta, leading to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes symptoms.
Researchers found that the protein PUMA is responsible for inducing apoptosis in intestinal epithelial cells in response to inflammation, suggesting a promising target for ulcerative colitis therapies. Meanwhile, DNA methylation studies revealed targeted gene silencing and potential cancer-initiating events.
A daily pill of pioglitazone prevented type 2 diabetes in more than 70% of participants with obesity and other risk factors. The study also showed a 31% decrease in carotid artery thickening, indicating improved glucose control.
The study found that Yi-Qi-Zeng-Min-Tang improves insulin sensitivity, glycaemic control, and dyslipidemia in high-fat diet and low-dose streptozotocin-induced Type 2 diabetic rats. The herbal decoction does not cause weight gain, making it a potential adjunct treatment for patients with insulin resistance.
Research reveals that specific gene variants, particularly IVS5-13insC, are linked to an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in individuals of white European ancestry. The study's findings suggest that these genetic variations could serve as early predictive markers for insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
A La Jolla Institute-led team has identified the primary cellular players in an adenosine-fueled inflammation cascade that contributes to insulin resistance. By using an adenosine receptor blocker, the team prevented the activation of macrophages, leading to improved insulin sensitivity and reduced blood sugar levels in diabetic animals.
Researchers at Joslin Diabetes Center have found a molecular pathway that is activated in people with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. This pathway holds promise as a target for novel diabetes therapies, offering new hope for patients with the disease.
Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have aberrations in their fat tissue that can lead to insulin resistance and increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The study, published in The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, found that large fat cells and low levels of adiponectin are strongly associated with ins...
A compound found in birch bark, betulin, has been shown to lower cholesterol and prevent diet-induced obesity in mice. It works by targeting SREBPs, transcription factors involved in lipid synthesis, and also improves insulin sensitivity.
Research reveals that exposure to fine-particulate air pollution in early life increases abdominal fat and insulin resistance in mice, regardless of diet. The study suggests a potential mechanism for pollution's effects on health, highlighting the need for therapeutic options targeting specific genes.
A study of 1,509 non-diabetic participants found that insulin resistance was associated with a 45% greater risk of any type of vascular event. Insulin resistance was also linked to an increased risk of ischemic stroke, particularly in men.
Ongoing studies by the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) are investigating the health benefits of omega-3 fatty acids found in fish oil. Research has shown that DHA and EPA, two essential fatty acids, can help protect against chronic diseases such as insulin resistance and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
A new study reveals that chronically high insulin levels trigger hormonal changes in the pituitary gland, disrupting ovarian function and impairing fertility. Researchers suggest decreasing the pituitary's sensitivity to insulin as a potential target for treatment.
Researchers at UC San Diego School of Medicine identified a molecular mechanism making omega-3 fatty acids effective against chronic inflammation and insulin resistance in diabetes. Omega-3 fatty acids activate GPR120 receptor on macrophages, resulting in anti-inflammatory effects and improved insulin sensitivity.
Research found that people with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes are at increased risk of developing brain plaques associated with Alzheimer's disease. The study also discovered a link between abnormal blood sugar control tests and the presence of these plaques.
Researchers found that emodin from Chinese herbs can lower blood glucose and serum insulin levels in mice with diet-induced obesity. The herb's active compound effectively limits the effect of glucocorticoids, which contribute to insulin resistance.
Inflammation-causing cells in fat tissue contribute to the link between obesity and diabetes. Researchers found that macrophages produce cytokines that lead to insulin resistance. Losing weight reduced macrophage presence and risk of complications.
Researchers found that five nights of restricted sleep produced intense recovery sleep following each wake cycle, with both longer and deeper sleep. Chronic sleep restriction evokes the same brain response as acute total sleep deprivation.
A study conducted by University at Buffalo researchers found that resveratrol suppressed the generation of free radicals and reduced inflammation in human blood samples. The compound also showed promise in reducing insulin resistance and related markers, potentially benefiting conditions like type 2 diabetes and heart disease.
A diet rich in antioxidants significantly improves insulin resistance in obese individuals with the metabolic syndrome. The study found that a daily intake of 800-1,000 milligrams of antioxidant-rich foods from fruits and vegetables enhances insulin sensitivity and reduces the risk of developing diabetes.
A new study presented at The Endocrine Society's annual meeting found that obese insulin-resistant women lost more weight on a lower-carbohydrate diet compared to a traditional low-fat diet. After three months, the lower-carb group lost an average of 19.6 pounds, while the low-fat group lost 16.2 pounds.
Research found that sarcopenia, low skeletal muscle mass and strength, is associated with insulin resistance and high blood-sugar levels in both obese and non-obese individuals. Muscle mass and strength are crucial in preventing type 2 diabetes.
Research reveals that intermittent hypoxia associated with sleep apnea can cause distinct drops in insulin sensitivity in mice. This finding suggests that sleep apnea may increase the risk of developing metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes.
A study found that individuals with a family history of type 2 diabetes gain significantly more weight after consuming excess calories compared to those without such a history. Insulin resistance, a precursor to the disease, was also observed in the genetically prone group.
A new study found that just one night of short sleep duration can cause significant changes in metabolic regulation, leading to impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance in healthy individuals. Researchers used the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp method to measure insulin sensitivity before and after a night of either normal ...
A new report in Cell Metabolism shows that insulin-resistant blood vessels develop plaques twice as large as normal ones and are more prone to atherosclerosis. Insulin signaling helps prevent fatty plaque buildup, suggesting treatments targeting blood vessels may be beneficial for people with diabetes.
A new study found that PARL protein levels decline with age, contributing to muscle defects and insulin resistance. The researchers suggest increasing PARL levels may bring metabolic benefits, potentially leading to a new drug target for age-related diseases.
Researchers found that mice lacking the FIH protein process fat differently, resulting in improved health outcomes on a high-fat diet. The lean mice exhibit enhanced insulin sensitivity and lower cholesterol levels compared to their normal littermates.
Scientists from EVMS have identified STAT4 as a key factor in the development of Type 2 diabetes and other cardiovascular diseases. Eliminating STAT4 in rodent models reduced atherosclerosis, and a high-fat diet study showed that excess STAT4 leads to inflamed fat production.
A new study found that regular moderate-intensity aerobic exercise during pregnancy reduces offspring birth weight by approximately 143g, while not impacting maternal insulin sensitivity. This reduction in birth weight may lower the risk of obesity later in life.
A new study found that consuming orange juice with a high-fat meal reduces oxidative stress and inflammation in blood vessels, which can contribute to heart attacks and strokes. The flavonoids naringenin and hesperidin in orange juice are believed to be the key players in this process.
Researchers have discovered that hepatitis C causes high insulin resistance primarily in muscles, not livers. This finding may lead to better management and prevention of diabetes among those with Hepatitis C, particularly for those at genetic risk.
According to Roger Unger, obesity is the body's way of storing lipids in fat tissue to protect other organs. This protective mechanism fails when the body's fat tissue can't handle excess calories, leading to metabolic syndrome. The rise of leptin resistance also plays a key role in this process.
Research shows that intestinal bacteria can contribute to human obesity and metabolic disease by influencing appetite and metabolism. TLR5-deficient mice exhibit metabolic syndrome, a cluster of disorders increasing the risk of heart disease and diabetes.
A study found that women who gained excessive weight during pregnancy, especially in the first trimester, are at a higher risk of developing gestational diabetes. Women who exceeded recommended weight gain had a 50% increase in the risk of developing gestational diabetes compared to those within or below guidelines.
A study by Harvard researchers found that overeating in mice activates a molecule called PKR, which destroys normal metabolism and leads to insulin resistance. The discovery could lead to targeted drugs or nutrients to regulate PKR and prevent diseases such as heart disease and cancer.
Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome produce less adiponectin than healthy women, leading to increased insulin resistance and inflammation. This hormone helps regulate fat metabolism, glucose utilization, and reduces inflammation.
Two large-scale studies found 13 new genetic variants influencing blood glucose regulation, insulin resistance, and beta cell function. Five variants increase the risk of type 2 diabetes, highlighting the role of beta cells in disease development.
Researchers found that college football linemen are at risk of obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome due to their high body fat percentage. The study suggests that athletes concerned about maintaining a large size should prioritize healthy weight management and nutrition strategies.
A study found that insulin resistance in adolescents with type 1 diabetes affects heart and vessel function, as well as exercise capacity. The research suggests that addressing insulin resistance early on may help decrease cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in this population.
Researchers from UC San Diego used a systems biology approach to determine how core biochemical pathways are altered in skeletal muscle cells and fat cells in people with insulin resistance. The study found that common drugs for treating insulin resistance, such as TZDs, alter these pathways, leading to improved drug therapies.
A new study found that postmenopausal women with higher testosterone levels are three times as likely to have coronary heart disease and the metabolic syndrome compared to those with lower testosterone levels. Insulin resistance is also more common in these women.
Researchers have discovered that saturated fatty acids can 'anger' the immune system by hijacking Toll-like receptor 4 (Tlr4) on blood cells, leading to chronic inflammation. This interaction may be the key to understanding obesity-related metabolic consequences, and a new class of insulin sensitizers is being explored.
A new study found that South Asians are more likely to develop insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes due to their body composition, specifically higher total body fat and lower muscle mass. Researchers measured insulin levels in four ethnic groups and discovered a strong association between body fat distribution and diabetes risk.
Researchers at University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston have found that increasing insulin levels can restore impaired muscle-building processes in elderly individuals. This breakthrough suggests a novel approach to addressing age-related muscle loss and has implications for developing new treatments.
A new study from the University of Gothenburg reveals that middle-aged women with large abdominal fat cells are at higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The study uses waist circumference divided by body height as a predictor, suggesting a simpler and faster way to identify those at risk.
A new UT Southwestern study suggests that fat from certain foods makes its way to the brain, causing it to send messages to cells warning them to ignore hunger signals. The researchers found that palmitic acid, a type of saturated fatty acid, is particularly effective at triggering this mechanism.
The ERC is funding top researchers, including Sanna Lehtonen's group, to study the development of albuminuria and diabetic nephropathy. They aim to identify novel drug leads to treat insulin resistance and combat early stages of kidney disease.
A breakthrough discovery identifies a new gene called Insulin Receptor Substrate 1 (IRS1) that affects how the body responds to insulin, leading to insulin resistance. The study found a single-nucleotide polymorphism in the IRS1 gene that reduces its activity by 40%, making it harder for insulin to work effectively.
A new study reveals that angiopoietin-like protein 2 (Angptl2) is a primary contributor to chronic inflammation in fat tissue, exacerbating conditions like diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Elevated Angptl2 levels have been found in obese individuals and those with insulin resistance.
Pittsburgh researchers have found a molecular link between insulin resistance and inflammation, suggesting a novel target for diabetes treatment. The study reveals that protein Fox01 stimulates inflammatory white blood cells, leading to increased production of cytokine IL-1B, which interferes with insulin signaling.
A Virginia Tech-led research team is designing a program to help pre-diabetic adults begin and maintain resistance training. The goal is to improve insulin and glucose metabolism, reducing the risk of diabetes. A five-year study will test theory-based approaches to encourage long-term adherence to resistance training.