Articles tagged with Insulin Resistance
A recent study found that weight loss and major lifestyle changes are more effective in treating type 2 diabetes than intensive insulin therapy. Insulin resistance, caused by high-calorie diets, can lead to organ damage and increase the risk of complications such as heart disease and blindness.
A new study proposes that intestinal dysfunction, specifically in the upper small intestine, may be the source of Type 2 diabetes. Surgical bypass operations can reverse this abnormality, leading to diabetes remission.
Researchers found that Asian Indians have higher insulin resistance and mitochondrial function than Northern Europeans, despite being non-obese. This study suggests that urbanization and diet changes may contribute to the increased risk of type 2 diabetes in Asian Indians.
A new study found elevated markers of blood vessel inflammation in overweight Hispanic children with normal blood glucose levels, increasing their risk for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The research highlights the need for obesity prevention strategies tailored to this high-risk population.
Researchers at the Salk Institute have discovered a novel link between excessive nutrient levels and insulin resistance. The enzyme OGT plays a crucial role in regulating insulin signaling by slamming the brake on glucose uptake, leading to the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
A study discovered a 'fat-burning' gene that plays a crucial role in insulin sensitivity. When this gene is impaired, it can lead to increased risk of obesity and worsening diabetes.
Researchers at Boston University found that increasing type II muscle mass reduces body fat and improves metabolic parameters in genetically engineered mice. This study suggests that strength training may be beneficial for overweight individuals and could lead to new treatments for obesity and diabetes.
Research suggests that insulin inhibits resistin expression and secretion in adipocytes, but resistin induces cellular insulin resistance in hepatocytes and myoblasts. Serum resistin levels correlate negatively with insulin sensitivity in diet-induced obesity rats.
Researchers found that mice lacking the renin enzyme are lean and resistant to diet-induced obesity, even without exercise. The study suggests that renin-blocking drugs could improve obesity and insulin sensitivity, providing new insights into the metabolic syndrome.
UCSD researchers have discovered that inflammation from immune cells called macrophages leads to insulin resistance and Type 2 diabetes. By disabling the macrophage inflammatory pathway, insulin resistance can be prevented in mouse models.
Researchers at UCL find mice missing IRS-1 have increased lifespan by 20% and better health as they age, with improved eyesight, alertness, and immune function, while lacking IRS-2 results in shorter lifespan and obesity
Overweight children who exercised for just three months showed improvements in executive function and reduced their diabetes risk. The study found that regular physical activity can enhance cognitive development and reduce insulin resistance.
Researchers found that low doses of resveratrol improve insulin sensitivity in mice, reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes. The study suggests that foods enriched with resveratrol or supplemented with the chemical may be a better option for improving insulin sensitivity.
Scientists at Northwestern University have discovered that a toxic protein in the brains of individuals with Alzheimer's removes insulin receptors from nerve cells, rendering those neurons insulin resistant. This finding sheds light on the emerging idea of Alzheimer's being a type 3 diabetes.
Researchers found that Metformin improves glucose uptake and survival of early embryos in mice with insulin resistance. The drug may benefit women with type 2 diabetes or polycystic ovary syndrome trying to conceive. Improved embryo quality could lead to more successful pregnancies.
Higher consumption of sugar-sweetened drinks may be associated with insulin resistance, but not 100 percent fruit juice. Study participants who consumed two or more sugar-sweetened beverages per day had significantly higher fasting blood levels of insulin.
A study found that fat on the chest and upper back is associated with an increased risk of insulin resistance, a condition that can lead to type 2 diabetes. The researchers also discovered that each type of fat contributes independently to insulin resistance, regardless of its presence.
Researchers at UCLA have identified three inflammatory cytokines as potential biomarkers for predicting Type 2 diabetes in apparently healthy individuals. The study, which involved over 1,600 participants, found that high levels of these cytokines were associated with an increased risk of developing the disease.
Researchers have found that grape seed polyphenols reduce salt-sensitive hypertension in young rats, while soy polyphenols protect against hypertension in estrogen-depleted/ovariectomized rats. Kudzu root extract also blunts blood pressure rise and improves glucose tolerance in animal models of insulin resistance.
A study on mucins reveals their crucial role in protecting the gut from bacterial infection. In contrast, lupus research identifies shared signaling networks active in B cells from genetically distinct mouse models. Meanwhile, a new study shows that blocking ERK1/2 activation can prevent congenital heart defects in mice with Noonan syn...
Insulin resistance in skeletal muscle leads to altered energy storage, promoting metabolic syndrome.
A new study found that measuring retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) levels in blood can indicate the amount of visceral fat surrounding abdominal organs. Elevated RBP4 concentrations are linked to insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and heart disease risk.
Researchers at Cedars-Sinai are studying a gene that may play a role in the development of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a condition characterized by insulin resistance, hirsutism, and other symptoms. The study aims to better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying PCOS and potential markers for risk.
A Stanford study found that macrophages, known as troublemakers in obesity, can also play a beneficial role in metabolism. The researchers identified a molecular switch that can shift the cells into the more desirable mode, which could help block insulin resistance and type-2 diabetes.
Researchers found that TRPM8 is expressed in mature, differentiated human prostate primary epithelial luminal cells, but also in prostate cancer cells. The study suggests that inhibiting ER-TRPM8 or PM-TRPM8 may be a potential therapeutic approach for treating prostate cancer. Additionally, the authors propose that blocking aggrecanase...
The study found significant improvements in insulin resistance, with a 60% reduction in HOMA scores after six months. Additionally, the group experienced substantial reductions in body weight, BMI, waist circumference, and total visceral adipose tissue.
A synthetic drug activates PPAR-d, the master regulator of fat metabolism, making mice resistant to weight gain and increasing their endurance. This breakthrough could lead to a new approach in treating human metabolic syndrome, which includes obesity-related health issues.
A Joslin-led study identified insulin receptors as crucial for promoting beta cell growth, a potential target for treating type 2 diabetes. The research found that mice lacking insulin receptors failed to grow more islet cells, highlighting the importance of insulin receptors in overcoming insulin resistance.
A study by the University of Rochester Medical Center has found a link between phthalate exposure and increased belly fat and insulin resistance in men. The research suggests that low-dose exposures to phthalates may contribute to rising obesity rates and related disorders such as Type 2 diabetes.
Researchers aim to identify defective point in insulin signalling pathway for PCOS treatment. Insulin resistance linked to PCOS symptoms, fertility problems, and type-2 diabetes risk.
A study identifies ceramide as a key contributor to insulin resistance, linked to saturated fats and obesity. Blocking ceramide's synthesis improves insulin response in obese rodents, offering potential for new therapies.
Researchers have identified potential new treatments for three serious diseases: a drug that increases SMN production in mice with spinal muscular atrophy, overexpression of Akt that converts a less invasive to a highly invasive melanoma, and inhibition of PKC-epsilon that prevents insulin resistance in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Researchers studying mice and rats found that CLA supplementation led to rapid weight loss in mice but excessive liver fat accumulation, a common side effect of rapid weight loss. In contrast, rats on a CLA-supplemented diet showed decreased insulin resistance despite not losing weight.
A high-fat diet induces insulin resistance in mice, leading to increased beta-cell mass as the body attempts to compensate. Glucose levels are found to be a crucial trigger for this process, with GCK and IRS-2 playing key roles in the mechanism.
Researchers found that African-American patients had a lower risk of hepatic steatosis compared to Caucasian patients, despite similar prevalence rates. Insulin resistance was identified as an important factor in predicting treatment response.
Scientists have discovered a gene called 'Titch' that plays a key role in the metabolism of insulin in flies and may also be relevant to humans. The finding has implications for the development of new drugs for Type II diabetes.
Two studies published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation reveal key roles for PLC-gamma-2 and NF-kappa-B in immune responses. PLC-gamma-2 regulates osteoclast development and B cell differentiation, while NF-kappa-B controls endothelial cell function in models of sepsis and cancer.
Study suggests that statins may be beneficial for preventing complications of metabolic syndrome, a condition characterized by low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance. The researchers found marked reductions in inflammatory biomarkers and improvements in vascular health in patients treated with statins.
Researchers discovered that a protein called ChREBP initiates fat storage when carbohydrates are present. Disabling this protein reduces obesity and improves glucose control in obese mice. The study suggests a potential new approach to treating type 2 diabetes.
A study found that insulin resistance in early teens may predict a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Insulin resistance was linked to increased blood pressure, high triglycerides, and low HDL cholesterol levels.
Researchers explore the connection between schizophrenia and an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. They aim to identify patients at high risk and develop more effective treatment plans.
Researchers discovered a key component in the insulin pathway that contributes to metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance. The study found that reducing this gene's function can lower glucose and lipid levels and even extend lifespan.
A University of Southern California study found that strength training exercise can prevent or delay the onset of diabetes in overweight teens. Overweight Latino teenage boys who lifted weights twice per week for 16 weeks significantly reduced their insulin resistance, a condition common in obese children and precursor to diabetes.
A study found that a gene variant increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, but adopting healthy lifestyle changes significantly reduces this genetic risk. The research, conducted by the DPP Genetics subgroup, identified a single nucleotide polymorphism in the TCF7L2 gene as a key risk factor for the disease.
The study found that therapies boosting adiponectin might be beneficial for treating insulin resistance and diabetes. Adiponectin increases mitochondrial number and function in skeletal muscle, exerting antidiabetic effects.
A recent study has revealed that race may be a significant factor in insulin resistance, affecting black women more than Hispanic or Caucasian women. Insulin resistance occurs when the body fails to use insulin effectively, leading to increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Researchers genetically engineered mice to overexpress a protein that regulates fat storage, finding they remained lean despite consuming an equally high-fat diet. The study suggests potential therapeutic strategies for obesity and insulin resistance.
Researchers found that elevated RBP4 levels are closely associated with insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Exercise therapy can lower RBP4 levels and improve insulin sensitivity in individuals at risk of diabetes.
A 16-week trial found that transcendental meditation significantly lowered blood pressure, improved insulin levels, and enhanced autonomic nervous system functioning. These effects occurred without changes in body weight or medication usage, suggesting a potential new target for treating coronary heart disease prevention.
Researchers found that the steroid and xenobiotic receptor (SXR) negatively regulates CYP24 expression and subsequent vitamin D breakdown, but can also enhance vitamin D hydroxylation and breakdown by inducing CYP3A4. Additionally, IL-15 administration restored CD4+ T cell production in an animal model of HIV infection, while lithium w...
Researchers found a gene in obese mice that increases the risk of type 2 diabetes, which could lead to new drug targets and better diagnosis methods for humans. The study provides insight into how insulin-producing cells function and may help clinicians identify individuals at high risk of developing the disease.
Researchers found that administering losartan to rats with insensate third-degree burns reversed the insulin resistance caused by the burn injury, returning glucose levels to normal. The study suggests that blocking the renin-angiotensin system may be a key to preventing this condition in severe burn patients.
Researchers found that inhibiting CPT1A in rats improved insulin sensitivity and reduced blood sugar levels, suggesting a critical role for this enzyme in nutrient sensing. The study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance.
Researchers found that inhibiting an enzyme in the liver, CPT1A, improved feeding behavior and blood sugar levels in obese rats. The study suggests a biochemical pathway involved in nutrient sensing may play a critical role in diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance.
A study found that obesity significantly increases the risk of periodontal disease, which is mediated by insulin resistance. The severity of periodontal attachment loss and tooth loss were proportional to the level of insulin resistance.
A study published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation reveals that expression of CXCR2 on blood vessel wall cells mediates neutrophil influx into the lung during acute bacterial infection. Additionally, researchers found that FoxO1 plays a critical role in regulating beta cell numbers during insulin resistance and inhibiting acety...
A study by University of Alberta researchers found that fine particulate matter from pollution causes cardiovascular problems in rats with obesity and insulin resistance. The findings suggest a significant public health risk for vulnerable populations, particularly those living near areas burning coal or diesel exhaust.
A cohort study found that higher insulin concentrations and insulin resistance were associated with an increased risk of pancreatic cancer in male smokers. The study suggests that lifestyle changes to decrease glucose and insulin levels may help prevent pancreatic cancer development.
Researchers found that smokers had a significantly higher incidence of developing diabetes compared to non-smokers, even after adjusting for other risk factors. The study suggests another poor health outcome associated with cigarette smoking, supporting current surgeon general's warnings.
High insulin levels block stress hormones, leading to excessive fat storage and energy imbalance. The study provides new understanding of insulin resistance in Type II diabetes and its potential link to obesity.