A University of Cincinnati study found that new coiling devices are no more effective than traditional bare platinum coils in preventing brain aneurysm recurrence. The study analyzed 100 patients and found a higher rate of repeated treatments with the newer, more expensive coils.
Thompson and Mosley-Thompson's work on ice cores provides comprehensive records of climate change over centuries, vital for forecasting future changes. Their efforts have garnered over 200 academic publications and led more than 60 expeditions to remote sites across five continents.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center discovered a genetic mutation linked to peripheral artery disease (PAD), which affects blood flow in the legs. The study found that one strain of mice with surgically-induced PAD-like injury showed greater tissue loss and poor recovery, while another strain recovered well.
A large study found that moderate aerobic fitness can significantly reduce stroke risk for men and women. The study analyzed data from over 60,000 participants and found that those with higher levels of cardiorespiratory fitness had a lower risk of stroke, regardless of other risk factors.
Researchers have identified the proteins forming the structure of carboxysome microcompartments, a key step in understanding their role in bacterial protection. The discovery may lead to new strategies for targeting these structures, potentially rendering bacteria harmless.
The article explores how pirates established a stable form of self government, with quartermasters playing key roles in governance. The
Researchers found that combined immunosuppression therapy was more effective than conventional treatment in inducing remission and reducing corticosteroid use in patients with newly diagnosed Crohn's disease. The study showed that early intensive treatment could lead to better outcomes, with higher remission rates at weeks 26 and 52.
The University of New Hampshire's Recycled Materials Resource Management Center is developing criteria for green roads, which could lead to sweeping reforms in the construction industry. The center's research focuses on reducing the environmental impacts of road-building, such as carbon footprint and stormwater runoff generation.
NASA awards CU-Boulder $1 million to lead the study of a space observatory that will find Earth-like planets and detect biomarkers like methane, oxygen, and water. The project plans to launch a 4-meter telescope into an orbit roughly 1 million miles from Earth, with a giant starshade to block starlight.
A study of nearly 300 preschool children found that those who don't get adequate sleep are twice as likely to suffer injuries. The study suggests that ensuring sufficient sleep can help reduce the risk of childhood injuries.
Countries in sub-Saharan Africa need to optimize their health worker mix by addressing financial constraints, irregular payments, and varying length of service benefits. Non-financial incentives, such as improved job satisfaction and career progression, are also crucial for retention and motivation.
Researchers predict space tourism will become a significant development in the tourism industry, with suborbital flights expected to be available by 2010-2015. Lunar hotels are also planned, with companies such as Galactic Suites promising luxurious stays in space for high prices.
A recent MU study found that black-bellied salamanders play a crucial role in the productivity of headwater streams, contributing significantly to the food chain. The research suggests these salamanders are a key link in the ecosystem, consuming aquatic insects and supporting other species.
Researchers have discovered a neutron star that undergoes a dramatic transformation from a pulsar to a magnetar, providing insight into the evolutionary connection between these two types of ultradense objects. The discovery was made using data from NASA's Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer and Chandra X-ray Observatory satellites.
The new STEM allows for color pictures of individual atoms, revealing bonding between them and material properties. It also increases imaging speed by a hundredfold, enabling scientists to analyze structures at the atomic scale.
Researchers found that a new 'top-down' therapy approach significantly improved disease remission rates and reduced steroid use in Crohn's patients. The two-year study showed 60% of top-down subjects were symptom-free by week 26, compared to 36% on traditional step-up treatment.
Researchers say a solution for atherosclerosis is many years away due to the complex disease process, which involves genetics, metabolism, and inflammation. Huge investments of time and money are needed to develop effective therapies.
Researchers found that daytime dozing significantly increases the risk of stroke in older adults. Moderate dozing doubled the risk, while significant dozing quadrupled it. The study suggests that sleep problems may be an important and novel stroke risk factor.
A genetic defect in the p22phox protein causes a severe immune deficiency in humans, similar to chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). The study found that mice without this protein also develop a severe balance disorder due to the loss of gravity-sensing crystals in the inner ear.
Astronomers have found a clue to the evolutionary relationship between pulsars and magnetars by examining archival RXTE data of a young neutron star. The study reveals that a regular pulsar can produce powerful bursts similar to those from magnetars, challenging current understanding of their life cycles.
A new study by University of Missouri professor Christine Proulx found that mothers and fathers reported similar positive changes in the parent-child relationship as their children transitioned to young adulthood. Parents reported increased adult-like interactions, mentorship, and continued emotional support.
A large-scale study published in the American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology found a strong link between physical abuse during pregnancy and premature births. Researchers surveyed 2660 Caucasian women and discovered that 24% of mothers of preterm newborns had experienced physical abuse, compared to 8% of those with term births.
The AIDS epidemic is stymied by a lack of political will and societal barriers such as gender inequality. Condom use is a cost-effective method for prevention but is resisted by fundamentalist groups. Despite the challenges, researchers are working to raise awareness and promote change.
A new technique allows researchers to identify the specific neural connections and molecular tags that sustain a particular fear memory in mice. The study reveals how proteins called AMPA receptors strengthen memories by becoming part of the synapses encoding them.
A study found that genetic variations modifying MBL2 expression are associated with more severe CF symptoms, including faster lung decline in patients deficient in the protein. This may lead to new approaches for treating those at risk of increased disease severity.
A £500,000 project will use biotechnology to develop pest-resistant plantains to combat losses of up to half of the crop due to nematode worms. The initiative will also provide a reliable source of nutritious crops for impoverished communities.
Researchers at PNNL have made a significant breakthrough in understanding how barium oxide attaches to gamma-alumina, a crucial step in reducing toxic nitrogen oxide emissions. The discovery has the potential to improve the efficiency of lean burn engines, which offer up to 35% better fuel economy.
Scientists will embark on a six-week research expedition to measure turbulence, waves, and bubbles in the Southern Ocean to improve the accuracy of climate models. The goal is to understand how gases important to climate change move between the atmosphere and ocean under high winds and seas.
Researchers at the Salk Institute have discovered a novel link between excessive nutrient levels and insulin resistance. The enzyme OGT plays a crucial role in regulating insulin signaling by slamming the brake on glucose uptake, leading to the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
A study found that genetic variations in the MBL2 protein are associated with more severe clinical symptoms of cystic fibrosis. In contrast, daily administration of growth hormone increased CD4+ T cell numbers in HIV-1 infected individuals, potentially treating conditions where CD4+ T cell function is impaired.
Alzheimer's research reveals that computers can distinguish between brain scans of patients with the disease and healthy individuals or those with other forms of dementia. The accuracy rate is as high as 96%, making it a potentially game-changing tool for early diagnosis and treatment.
A new study has found that kidney donor age is associated with increased aortic stiffness in recipients, which may explain higher rates of cardiovascular disease and death. The study suggests that targeted interventions after kidney transplantation could improve long-term results by reducing cardiovascular risk and mortality.
High-income countries like UK, USA, and Australia sustain their high physician-to-population ratio by recruiting medical graduates from developing regions in sub-Saharan Africa. Over half of these African countries do not meet the minimum acceptable PPR, with Tanzania having just 0.02 doctors per 1000 population.
The National Lung Cancer Partnership has partnered with three organizations to co-sponsor new lung cancer research grants, focusing on survivorship care and nursing-sensitive patient outcomes. This move aims to address the lack of research funding for lung cancer, a leading cancer killer in the US.
Researchers discovered a new mechanism in worm defecation that could be applicable to humans, involving pH signaling and potential therapeutic implications. The study found that positively charged hydrogen ions are used to send signals between cells, which may be involved in cell-to-cell communication.
A six-year vitamin E supplementation increased TB risk by 72% in male smokers with high dietary vitamin C intake. Vitamin E had no effect on those with low dietary vitamin C intake.
Wiley-Blackwell has renewed its commitment to neutrality, offsetting CO2 emissions from global offices and shipments. The company partners with Carbonfund.org to invest in renewable energy and reforestation projects.
A University of Denver study found that a bullying prevention program reduced self-reported bully victimization among students by 20%, compared to a 10% drop in the control group. The 'Youth Matters' curriculum taught social and emotional skills to help students avoid becoming bullies or victims.
The new microscope uses aberration-correction technology to form color images uniquely identifying individual atoms in a crystal and showing how they bond. It allows scientists to analyze materials at the atomic scale, enabling better development of new materials for electronic circuits and nanoscale devices.
The Lancet Editorial highlights the need for richer countries to stop exploiting health resources from poorer nations. The crisis in sub-Saharan Africa requires a top-down and bottom-up approach, with local solutions such as task shifting and public-private partnerships being tested.
A meta-analysis of 34 clinical trials found venlafaxine (SNRI) outperformed SSRIs in treating depression, resulting in a 5.9% increased remission rate. This translates to the need for doctors to treat 17 patients with venlafaxine to achieve one patient's benefit.
A study found that a single 20-minute expressive writing session can positively impact cancer patients' thoughts and feelings about their disease. Patients who reported changes in their thoughts and feelings after writing also experienced better physical quality of life three weeks later.
Researchers at Gladstone and UCSF found that growth hormone therapy stimulates the production of vital T-cells, leading to increased thymic mass and improved immune function. The study suggests that this treatment could help HIV-infected patients rebuild their compromised immune systems.
A new study finds that ketamine's antidepressant effects are mediated by its ability to increase AMPA receptor stimulation, suggesting drugs enhancing this function may have rapid antidepressant properties. Researchers now aim to develop AMPA-boosting drugs without ketamine's side effects.
A team led by Katrina Edwards is drilling into the ocean floor to study subseafloor microbes, which may affect ocean chemistry and global climate. The five-year project will use complex engineering and instrumentation to conduct long-term experiments and uncover new details about these microbes.
A recent study published in Arthritis Research & Therapy found that patients with fibromyalgia who participated in supervised training exercises in warm water experienced reduced symptoms and improved health-related quality of life. This cost-effective approach may offer a promising alternative to traditional treatments.
Task shifting of HIV antiretroviral treatment delivery in sub-Saharan Africa can increase coverage and improve outcomes when paired with other measures to expand the health workforce. However, it must be accompanied by adequate supervision, support, and fair compensation for lower-cadre workers.
Scientists at Imperial College London have discovered that dense plates tend to be held in the upper mantle, while younger and lighter plates sink into the lower mantle. This new understanding could improve earthquake risk assessments by explaining plate movements and earthquakes in regions like the Western Pacific.
A recent Lancet study reveals that there is a lack of evidence to guide policies on human resources for health in middle- and low-income countries. The authors analyzed published literature from 1979 onwards and found that only a few studies included data from these countries, highlighting the need for more systematic reviews and resea...
A new £7M research initiative aims to improve crop yields and alleviate poverty in developing countries. The Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council is funding 12 projects to develop crops that can survive in harsh environmental conditions, reducing the impact of pests, diseases, and climate change.