A new point-of-care assay for C trachomatis has shown higher specificity and sensitivity than the standard TF technique, allowing for more targeted treatment of trachoma. The study's findings suggest a major re-think in how trachoma control is conducted in Africa.
The Canadian Medical Association Journal (CMAJ) fired Editor-in-Chief John Hoey and senior deputy editor Anne Marie Todkill due to irreconcilable differences. However, Peter Singer and Gordon Guyatt argue that the burden of proof should be on medical journal publishers to show that termination was not related to editorial decisions. Th...
Research found lack of training and employment led to violent uprising, while reintegration projects struggled to find work for newly-trained ex-soldiers. Millions spent on vocational training, but many ended up working for subsistence wages in mines.
Researchers at UI Hospitals and Clinics discovered a fundamental problem in predicting case durations for diagnostic scans under anesthesia. By analyzing experts' estimates, they implemented a solution that significantly improved accuracy and reduced pre-anesthesia fasting times for young patients.
A new treatment using fosfomycin has shown promise in treating Listeria infections, which cause severe food-borne diseases. The drug was ineffective in laboratory tests but proved effective in the body, highlighting the need to revise testing methods.
A recent study by Penn State researchers suggests that a massive whole-genome duplication event in early flowering plants could explain their rapid evolution. The team detected a concentration of duplicated genes, which is evidence of a whole-genome duplication event.
A team of Princeton University researchers tracked 14 green darner dragonflies for up to 10 days and found their flight patterns showed similarities to bird migration patterns. The study suggests that the rules for animal migration may have been established in Earth's history, with implications for agriculture and ecological management.
Researchers found that West African car traders invested heavily in the market despite falling profits and increasing bankruptcies. They formed a culture of gambling-like decisions due to unreliable market information and brief social relationships.
Researchers identified VAMP8 and HNRPUL1 gene variants associated with increased risk of early-onset myocardial infarction. The study analyzed over 2,000 patients and found that carriers of these variants had a comparable risk to conventional risk factors such as smoking and high blood pressure.
A recent study by University of Illinois Chicago researchers suggests that approximately 61.8% of sexual assault subjects have drugs in their system, with 4.2% reporting being drugged without knowledge. The study also found that voluntary drug use impairs decision-making, increasing the risk of sexual assault.
A study of over 16,000 patients found that early statin therapy reduces the risk of death by 22% and cardiovascular death by 25%. The treatment also shows promise in preventing another episode of unstable angina and reducing the need for coronary bypass surgery.
Researchers discovered ring-like formations in drying DNA droplets that can impact hybridization studies. These formations, created by stresses propagating from the rim inward through a liquid crystal, should be accounted for in array design.
A new study by Fox Chase Cancer Center reveals specific defects in RNA translation underlie a progressive disease called dyskeratosis congenita, linked to anemia, immune deficiency, cancer, and premature aging. The research highlights the importance of proteomic analysis and potential therapeutic targets for developing treatments.
An international team of scientists has discovered a new primate genus, Rungwecebus kipunji, through genetic analysis and collaboration. The discovery highlights the importance of interdisciplinary research and undergraduate involvement in biodiversity studies.
A new desensitization protocol allows eight patients with clopidogrel hypersensitivity to safely take the medication, reducing risk of blood clots and heart attacks. The study's findings suggest that desensitization can be a viable option for managing allergy symptoms in patients treated with clopidogrel.
Researchers found that the steroid and xenobiotic receptor (SXR) negatively regulates CYP24 expression and subsequent vitamin D breakdown, but can also enhance vitamin D hydroxylation and breakdown by inducing CYP3A4. Additionally, IL-15 administration restored CD4+ T cell production in an animal model of HIV infection, while lithium w...
In Lake Victoria cichlid fish, females choose brightly coloured males for good reasons: fewer parasites and better health. The colour preference leads to speciation as only the brightest red and blue fish survive, eventually forming two separate species.
Scientists describe new genus of African monkey, Rungwecebus kipunji, after analyzing physical characteristics and molecular samples. The discovery sheds light on the evolutionary history of monkeys in Africa and Eurasia.
Researchers have created a heat-stable antibody that can detect caffeine in various drinks, including coffee, tea, and cola. The test has shown accuracy comparable to sophisticated equipment, with potential applications for consumers who want to avoid caffeine due to health or personal reasons.
The STARS Alliance aims to broaden the appeal of computer science and information technology by recruiting a diverse group of students. The program will establish a web site, Student Leadership Corps, and a targeted marketing campaign to shatter stereotypes and promote diversity in computing careers.
A team of international scientists has discovered a new African monkey genus, Rungwecebus kipunji, through collaborative research. The species, found in Tanzania's high-altitude forests, exhibits distinct physical characteristics and is closely related to baboons, highlighting the need for conservation efforts to protect its vulnerable...
The Lancet emphasizes the need for strong governmental leadership to address the obesity epidemic, with a focus on production of cheap healthy foods, urban planning, education, and a global code to promote only healthy food and drink. Effective policy changes are crucial to reduce obesity and curb the epidemic.
In Scotland, attainment levels at 16 have narrowed slightly over the past 20 years, but social inequality in attainment at 18 has widened. Despite this, working-class youngsters consistently outperform their English peers.
A five-month study published in the American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation found that exercise during dialysis increases urea removal by 20% and improves physical function. Participants exercised three times a week, resulting in enhanced dialysis efficacy and better quality of life.
Researchers at the University of Montreal have developed a high-performance OLED on a new electrode material, enabling flexible displays. The technology uses carbon nanotube sheets, which exhibit flexibility, transparency, and conductivity, making them suitable for various display and lighting applications.
Researchers developed functionalised membranes that can separate gases with higher selectivity and capacity. These membranes are energy-saving and environmentally friendly, making them a promising solution for sustainable processes.
A new study suggests that an individual's unique genetic makeup can affect their risk of developing severe anemia from malaria. Researchers have identified specific genes and DNA sequences that control the production of MIF, a protein linked to malarial anemia.
UNH researcher Ray Grizzle is restoring oyster reefs in the Great Bay estuarine system to promote water quality, support marine life, and provide habitat for sport fishes. His research explores optimal reef restoration techniques using disease-resistant young oysters and recycled shells.
Researchers found that SXR inhibits VDR-mediated CYP24 activity in mice, contradicting previous studies. In humans, rifampicin treatment increases CYP3A4 expression but has no effect on CYP24 expression, suggesting a complex regulatory mechanism.
A recent study by University of Cincinnati researchers suggests that specific micronutrients, particularly branched-chain amino acids like leucine, play a key role in regulating appetite and energy balance. The study's findings may lead to the development of new diet designs to help individuals with obesity manage their weight.
The lecture highlights the evolution of interventional cardiology, from longer procedure times and higher risks of heart attacks to advancements in steerable guidewires, perfusion catheters, and drug-eluting stents. Bioabsorbable stents offer a promising solution by dissolving into carbon dioxide and water once healed.
The studies reveal that integrated treatments benefit patients with multiple psychological problems and that cooperation between judiciary and addiction care provides added benefits. Effective prevention programs are also available for young people, while animal experimental research offers perspectives on human addiction research.
Researchers have discovered that C-myc, known as an oncogene, acts downstream of IL-15 signaling to regulate T memory cell homeostasis. This finding has implications for future therapies and highlights the importance of preserving a gene's role in normal processes.
The report suggests that coal liquefaction could satisfy the country's energy needs, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and costs. Global efforts to capture and sequester carbon dioxide could also mitigate environmental impacts.
The Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research has awarded €1 million to support state-of-the-art chemical research facilities. The funding will be used to acquire new equipment and improve existing facilities for researchers at the Universiteit van Amsterdam, Radboud University Nijmegen, and Eindhoven University of Technology.
A recent study suggests that women with acute coronary syndromes should not be denied access to cardiac catheterization laboratories, particularly high-risk patients. The research analyzed data from over 1,000 women and found that outcomes for women were similar to those of men in terms of mortality and heart attack rates.
The USC Viterbi School of Engineering course analyzed musical characteristics using computer modeling, machine learning, and signal processing. Students mapped emotions to color patterns, and compared performances of Bach violin sonatas.
Researchers at Ohio University have successfully created the world's first synthetic nanoscale fractal molecule, which has potential applications in novel energy storage systems, photoelectric cells, and molecular batteries. The molecules are made of iron and ruthenium ions and form a hexagonal gasket.
Scientists at Delft University of Technology successfully controlled and addressed individual microtubules by applying electrical forces to steer them towards specific directions. This breakthrough allows for efficient transportation of molecules within biological cells, opening new avenues for nanotechnology applications.
The newly discovered Rungwecebus monkey is a distinct genus, marking the first new species since 1923. The critically endangered monkey's habitat faces severe logging threats, prompting calls for global protection.
Persistent post-operative pain affects 10-15% of individuals after common operations. Surgical techniques like careful dissection and minimally invasive methods can reduce nerve damage and associated pain. Surgeons must be aware of these techniques to improve patient outcomes.
Physicist Robert Boyd has successfully demonstrated negative-speed pulses of light, where a pulse travels backwards within an optical fiber. The researchers used erbium-doped fibers to slow down and speed up the light pulse, creating a 'hump' shape with leading and trailing edges.
Researchers found that Caucasians with the K55R polymorphism had an accelerated breakdown of beneficial fatty acids called EETs, which play a protective role in the cardiovascular system. This increase in EET degradation is associated with higher coronary heart disease risk.
The Large Pelagics Research Center has awarded $1 million in grants to researchers studying highly migratory species. The grants will support projects on bluefin tuna, porbeagle sharks, leatherback turtles, and ocean sunfish.