Articles tagged with Ions
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers from City University of Hong Kong have developed a novel method to tackle instability and potential environmental impact in perovskite solar cells, achieving high power conversion efficiency while minimizing lead leakage. The team's innovative use of 2D metal-organic frameworks enhances device performance and stability.
Researchers have developed a novel cerium(III) complex that enables the creation of high-efficiency, deep-blue organic light-emitting diodes. The complex exhibits a high photoluminescence quantum yield and leads to an external quantum efficiency of up to 14% in prototype OLEDs.
Scientists at Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik have developed a new code, GENE-3D, that can simulate turbulent transport in stellarators with higher accuracy. The simulations suggest that fast ions could reduce turbulence by over half in the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator, potentially leading to high-performance plasmas.
Researchers have developed techniques to detect and correct loss of qubits in real-time, protecting fragile stored quantum information. The approach combines quantum error correction with correction of qubit loss and leakage, enabling robust quantum computing.
Researchers studied a single battery cathode particle's surface and interior to understand how chemical changes affect each other. They discovered variations in cracking and degradation across the particle, which can impact its ability to store and release energy.
A new model integrates two phases of matter accumulation in active galaxies, revealing a universal mechanism for ejection of matter by black holes. The research suggests that the molecular phase is part of the outflow, blowing away more matter than previously thought.
A multinational study has overturned a 130-year old assumption about seawater chemistry, finding that the ratios of key elements like calcium, magnesium and strontium vary considerably across the ocean. This discovery challenges past hypotheses and models, requiring scientists to re-examine their understanding of ocean chemistry.
Scientists successfully combined high pressures, magnetic fields, and ultra-low temperatures to study cer-rhodium-indium-five metal's conducting properties. The resulting phase diagram reveals exciting insights into the mysterious superconductivity of this metal.
Researchers at Samara Polytech have synthesized a monoclinic NaVPO4F compound using quenching, which exhibits low sodium ion mobility making it impractical as a cathode active material. A comparative analysis with LiVPO4F revealed the triclinic modification is energetically more favorable, limiting its synthesis.
Scientists developed an integrated approach to track energy-transporting ions in ultra-thin materials, potentially leading to faster charging and longer-lasting devices. The study focused on MXenes, a class of two-dimensional materials with promising energy-storing capabilities.
Scientists from Peking University have developed an efficient method for manipulating the electron spin using an electric field, overcoming the challenges of traditional magnetic resonance techniques. The breakthrough could lead to significant advancements in quantum information processing and the development of quantum computation units.
Cyclohexyl phenyl sulfide cleavage studied for degradation of sulfur-containing heavy oil. Copper compounds are found to be the most effective catalysts for heavy oil extraction, followed by cobalt and nickel.
Berkeley Lab researchers introduce isolated defects to a type of commercially available thin film, creating a top-performing energy storage material. The new material has more than twice the energy storage density of previously reported values and 50% higher efficiencies.
Researchers at University of Jyväskylä and University of Ottawa developed a novel magnetic compound with pancake bond, improving magnetic properties at elevated temperatures. The design strategy paves the way for new single-molecule magnets with potential applications in spintronics and quantum computers.
A new experiment has characterised the properties of electrons emitted when adenine, a key DNA nucleobase, is bombarded with high-velocity ions. The study's findings could improve understanding of how radiation damage increases cancer risk in cells.
Scientists use NASA data to predict heliosphere's characteristics, revealing a deflated croissant shape without a long tail. The shape of the heliosphere acts as our solar system's shield against galactic cosmic rays, protecting Earth and space travelers.
Researchers have created a method to selectively process surfaces on an atomic scale, leaving one layer intact while perforating another. By utilizing highly charged ions, they can anchor metals on ultra-thin layers, enabling the creation of new materials with promising properties.
Researchers at Nagoya University found a highly unusual atomic configuration in a tungsten-based material, where three atoms share only two electrons to form a tritungsten molecule. This discovery suggests the potential for compounds with new and interesting electronic properties.
Assistant Professor Nirmal Ghimire is working to synthesize and characterize topological materials. He received $48,910 in US Department of Energy funding for this research.
A team of scientists at the Chinese Academy of Sciences has discovered a new, very short-lived isotope of neptunium, confirming the existence of the N = 126 shell in Np isotopes. The study used alpha-decay spectroscopy to identify the new isotope, which was produced through fusion reactions.
Researchers from the University of Texas at Austin have developed a cobalt-free high-energy lithium-ion battery with improved energy density and reduced cycle life. The new cathode is anchored by 89% nickel, manganese, and aluminum, increasing energy storage and potentially boosting electric vehicle range.
Researchers at Texas A&M University have developed a new anode design for lithium batteries using carbon nanotubes that enables safe storage of lithium ions and boosts charging speed. The technology prevents dendrite formation, reducing the risk of device explosions and improving battery performance.
The new LRC approach enables the investigation of superheavy elements with extreme sensitivity, even at low production quantities. By combining laser spectroscopy and ion mobility spectrometry, researchers can unveil element-specific emission spectra, providing valuable insights into the electronic structure of these exotic atoms.
Researchers at Skoltech found a significantly higher concentration of short-lived ions (H3O+ and OH-) in pure liquid water than previously thought. This discovery has far-reaching implications for our understanding of the intricate structure of water, including its role in redox processes, catalytic reactions, and electrochemical systems.
Chinese researchers successfully integrated non-noble metal ions into semiconductor quantum dots, creating ultra-small nanocrystals with integrated light absorber, protecting layer and active site. The loading of metal ions enables the efficient evolution of hydrogen from water through photocatalysis.
A team of researchers has discovered a 'scientific red flag' in the center of the Milky Way, revealing new clues about the fundamental source of its power. The study uses optical light to analyze ionized gas, finding that at least 48% of hydrogen gas is ionized by an unknown source.
Researchers develop new type of cathode with high specific capacity and large energy density using interface strain engineering in a 2D graphene nanomaterial. The work showcases a promising strategy to utilize strain engineering for advanced energy storage applications.
Researchers at Tokyo Tech developed a synthetic channel that can mimic natural ion channels, demonstrating self-assembling and functionally active orientation of artificial molecules in membranes. The study shows promising results for biomimetic regulation and potential applications in sensing and separation devices.
A research team at NIFS has developed a hybrid simulation program to improve the accuracy of plasma behavior predictions in a future helical fusion reactor. The program was used to reproduce experimental results from the LHD, finding that trapped ions contribute significantly to stable plasma confinement.
A group of researchers developed an IO hybrid adsorbent to remove heavy metal Cadmium(II) from wastewater using the SI-ATRP method. The adsorbent showed high adsorption capacity and regeneration efficiency, making it a potential candidate for water pollution remediation.
A new study from Tohoku University and the University of Cambridge has created a polymers-based device that mimics brain neural cells. The research used a combination of PSS-Na and PEDOT:PSS polymers, resulting in a significant increase in response time.
A novel pretreatment strategy has been developed to resolve the issue of silicon anode materials in lithium-ion batteries. The technology enables simple and safe processing for large-scale production, resulting in high initial battery efficiency and increased energy density.
Researchers observe exotic heavy N+ ion transfer channel in a charged Van der Waals cluster, leading to novel scenarios such as NAr+ formation. The study sheds light on microdynamics of biological systems and potential importance in understanding cancer therapy by heavy ion irradiation.
Scientists from University of Groningen discovered that nickelates' metal state can be tuned using strain and oxygen vacancies, leading to improved conductivity. This finding may help design electronics emulating neurons and developing cognitive computing devices.
A team of researchers at ETH Zurich has made a groundbreaking discovery that silicon can be stronger and more deformable than previously thought. They found that by using a specific lithography method, silicon pillars could withstand much greater widths without breaking, offering new possibilities for the fabrication of micro-?electro-...
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory developed a 'nanobrush' structure with high surface area, enabling vertical alignment of ions across interfaces to transport energy or information. The unique architecture drives efficient electronic and chemical interactions.
Researchers discovered that nanometer-scale antimony crystals form hollow structures during charging, allowing more ion flow and improving battery performance. The self-hollowing structures could also be used in sodium-ion and potassium-ion batteries, expanding material options for the next generation of lithium-ion batteries.
Researchers create memristors on a single chip, enabling small, portable AI devices to recognize objects and make decisions in real-time. The design could advance the development of neuromorphic computing and enable powerful, portable computing devices that don't rely on supercomputers or the Internet.
Researchers created an ultrathin membrane with high porosity that can filter potentially harmful ions from water. The membrane has potential to deliver clean water for millions of people globally through purification and desalination processes.
Researchers demonstrate that introducing dislocations through ion implantation can increase the thermal stability of photoluminescence in silicon. By optimizing implantation conditions, they achieved measurable levels of luminescence at room temperature.
Researchers have identified key changes in a molecular pathway that plays critical roles in human development, blood pressure regulation, inflammation, and cell death. The findings provide a blueprint for drug development and shed light on how common medications interact with the target.
Researchers have obtained the structure of the light-sensitive KR2 protein in its active state, revealing the mechanism behind light-driven sodium ion transport. The study provides a detailed understanding of how this protein works and could lead to the development of new optogenetic tools.
A novel technology that simulates human kidney functions could transform treatment options for those in the final stage of renal disease. The device, developed by University of Arkansas researchers, can filter blood and control chemistry using an electric field.
Researchers discovered that copper ions are primarily bound to ceruloplasmin and serum albumin in the blood, with implications for diagnosing and treating Alzheimer's disease. The study's findings provide new insights into normal copper metabolism and its disturbances in genetic diseases.
The MAVEN spacecraft has created a map of electric current systems in Mars' atmosphere, revealing a crucial role in atmospheric loss. The currents, generated by solar wind interaction, transform energy into magnetic and electric fields that accelerate charged particles into space.
Scientists at Osaka University have successfully demonstrated a quantum random walk using trapped ions, which may lead to new quantum simulations of biological systems. The technique relies on precise control of individual ions and can help resolve open questions in chemistry and biology.
Physicists at NIST successfully entangled a charged molecule and an electrically charged atom, showcasing a way to build large-scale quantum computers and networks. This breakthrough enables versatile quantum information systems by connecting quantum bits based on incompatible hardware designs.
Researchers at Hokkaido University developed a paper-based device to measure lithium ion concentration in blood, which can help treat bipolar disorder patients. The device is user-friendly, low-cost, and comparable in detection ability to conventional instruments.
A new ground-based GCR Simulator developed by NASA enables the simultaneous study of mixed-field ions and their effects on human tissues. This breakthrough reduces animal testing costs and accelerates understanding of health risks faced by astronauts.
The HHU physicists conducted a precision experiment to measure the electrical force between protons and deuterons using HD+ ions. They found no evidence of an interaction with dark matter, pushing down the upper limit of such interactions more than 20-fold.
A team of researchers from the University of Seville and international partners successfully filmed quantic measurement for the first time. The experiment confirmed a subtle prediction in quantum physics, showing that the quantum state changes gradually during measurement rather than instantaneously.
Researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics have successfully measured infinitesimal changes in mass of individual atoms for the first time, opening a new world for precision physics. The team discovered a previously unobserved quantum state in rhenium, which could be interesting for future atomic clocks.
Dione will collect energy input and ionospheric-thermospheric data, providing insights into atmospheric drag and improving space weather forecasts. The mission complements the Geospace Dynamics Constellation and marks a new era for CubeSats in gathering similar data.
Researchers develop novel nanoplatform to induce ferroptosis in tumor cells, targeting multiple types of tumors while sparing healthy cells. The complexed doxorubicin and ferrous ions promote lipid peroxidation, leading to severe ferroptic damage.
Researchers developed ultra-sensitive and stable X-ray detectors using 0D MA3Bi2I9 single-crystals, achieving low operating doses of 0.62 nGyair s-1 and high sensitivity comparable to 3D perovskite detectors. The discovery promises a promising X-ray detector candidate for medical applications.
Researchers develop biocompatible ion-driven soft transistors that can perform real-time neurologically relevant computation. A mixed-conducting particulate composite enables the creation of electronic components out of a single material, allowing for non-invasive recording and processing of brain activity.
Researchers at Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology have successfully fabricated suspended graphene nanomesh with controlled nanopores. The graphene nanomesh exhibits increased thermal activation energy, enabling new methods for bandgap engineering and potential applications in gas sensing and phonon engineering.
Researchers visualize nearly complete transport cycle of mammalian glutamate transporter homologue, revealing efficient mechanism for sodium and substrate molecules. The discovery sheds light on potential treatments for schizophrenia and other mental illnesses.
Researchers at LMU synthesized nanoparticles that rapidly release ionized iron within cells, triggering pyroptosis and potentially eliminating malignant tumors. The nanoparticles' structure and coating enable controlled release of iron ions in acidic environments, making them a promising therapeutic agent for cancer treatment.
Researchers describe an alternative mechanism for the placement of potassium ion channels in cardiac cell membranes, which is crucial for heart function and may contribute to cardiovascular diseases. This discovery could lead to a better understanding of cardiac physiology and the development of new treatments for related disorders.