Articles tagged with Oxides
A recent study found that permafrost thaw in northern peatlands can lead to a five-fold increase in nitrous oxide emissions. The emission rates matched those from tropical forest soils, highlighting the significant impact of Arctic warming on the global N2O budget.
A team of physicists has implemented a new measurement method that reveals traffic is the major polluter of nitrogen oxide emissions in European cities, accounting for over 80% of emissions. The study's findings highlight the need for revised atmospheric models and air quality management strategies to address the underestimated emissions.
Researchers at UC San Diego developed a flexible and stretchable rechargeable battery that can power wearable sensors. The batteries use commercially available materials and are stable, allowing them to be worn for long periods.
Researchers found that lithium oxide retains hydrogen isotopes like pure lithium, improving plasma performance in fusion devices. The study suggests that high-purity lithium may not be necessary for optimal results.
Researchers discovered that stretching and compressing ceria increases its oxygen storage capacity, overturning conventional wisdom on oxide materials. This finding has significant implications for developing solid oxide fuel cells and green-energy technologies.
Researchers in Japan developed a new diamond-based transistor fabrication process that promises to advance the development of more robust and energy-efficient electronics. The process uses manufactured diamonds with yttrium oxide insulator to overcome silicon limitations.
A study published in Nature found that diesel vehicle emissions significantly underestimate real-world nitrogen oxide levels by up to 50%. The research revealed that excess emissions from 2015 affected 13.2 million tons of nitrogen oxide, leading to 38,000 premature deaths worldwide.
The study develops a process to grow very small nanorods with precise separation, allowing for specific patterns in devices like gas sensors. This method reduces fabrication costs and enables more precise gas detection.
The study found that the material with atomically thin layers of water stored energy more efficiently than the regular material, wasting less energy as heat. This breakthrough holds promise for future energy-storage technologies, such as thinner batteries and faster renewable-based power grids.
Scientists have determined that water is only slightly more likely to stay in one piece as it binds to the catalyst surface than it is to form hydroxyl pairs. This small advantage has significant implications for industries using titanium dioxide, including alternative fuel production and solar energy.
A new study identifies the isotopic fingerprint of nitrous oxide produced by Arctic soils, shedding light on climate change mitigation actions. The research opens up new avenues for predicting future trends in atmospheric nitrous oxide and identifying greenhouse gas sources in the Arctic.
Researchers from the University of Exeter have developed ultrafast flexible memory devices using a hybrid of graphene oxide and titanium oxide. These innovative devices offer low-cost production, eco-friendliness and high capacity, paving the way for flexible electronic applications.
Scientists at NC State develop technique to convert positively charged rGO into negatively charged material, enabling the creation of rGO-based transistors. The method uses high-powered laser pulses to disrupt chemical groups, creating a p-n junction that's crucial for transistor applications.
Researchers at the University of Basel discovered that rare earth oxides become hydrophobic only after aging due to chemical reactions with ambient air. The study found that even room temperature exposure can trigger these reactions, leading to water-repelling properties.
Researchers at Rice University have developed an eco-friendly method to recycle electronic waste by using a cryo-mill to pulverize circuit boards into separated powders. The process breaks down components into homogenous powders that can be reused, reducing the need for energy-intensive processes and minimizing environmental harm.
Chemists from Russia and Switzerland develop biosafe luminescent nanoparticles for imaging tumors and blood vessels, offering an alternative to toxic quantum dots. The particles are composed of hafnium oxide doped with rare earth metals, which provide high luminescent properties while maintaining biosafety.
Researchers discovered that nanoscale pillar-shaped distribution of iron in strontium titanate leads to enhanced magnetic and magnetooptical response. The polycrystalline sample showed stronger magnetism than the single-crystal film, breaking a common trend in oxide systems.
Researchers at FAU have created a method to combine exhaust gas purification with the synthesis of high-value products. Nitrogen oxides can be used to produce balsalazide and sulfasalazine, two drugs for chronic inflammatory bowel diseases.
Researchers at TU Wien have successfully switched individual oxygen molecules between a reactive and unreactive state using a force microscope. This process enables new possibilities for investigating the inner workings of photocatalysts.
Researchers found that energy crops can be grown on CRP land without increasing nitrous oxide emissions in a small portion of the landscape. The study suggests that once established, large emissions from the footslope can be suppressed.
Researchers at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz have identified two gaseous messenger substances, nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide, as crucial for the formation of Drosophila's spatial orientation memory. This memory is retained in a small group of ring-shaped neurons in the ellipsoid body of the central brain.
Researchers have discovered that nitric oxide, which regulates blood pressure, is formed in nerves rather than blood vessel walls. This finding could lead to new treatments for people with poorly controlled high blood pressure.
Researchers developed a new method to capture and analyze individual cells from a small sample of blood using graphene oxide sheets. The system demonstrates high efficiency in capturing specific immune cells that are markers for certain cancers, with an estimated production cost of $5 per device.
Rice University researchers simulate a nanoscale sandwich of graphene and magnesium oxide, offering unique properties for molecular sensing, catalysis, and bio-imaging. The hybrid material has tunable band gaps and optical properties, making it suitable for various applications.
Researchers discovered oxide nanostructures with diameters below 3nm display superior oxidation resistance than larger counterparts. The 'dynamic size effect' mechanism determines the stability of supported nanoparticles, enabling the development of anti-corrosion materials.
Researchers at RMIT University have developed a new technique using liquid metals to create ultra-thin electronic chips, paving the way for the next generation of electronics. The process enables the production of large wafers just 1.5 nanometres in depth, increasing processing power and reducing costs.
Chronic exposure to titanium dioxide nanoparticles can decrease the ability of small intestine cells to absorb nutrients and act as a barrier to pathogens. This can lead to slowed metabolism and increased difficulty in absorbing certain nutrients like iron, zinc, and fatty acids.
A new study has identified bacteria that can convert toxic components into less toxic forms, which could contribute to bioremediation technologies. The bacteria are highly resistant to toxic waste and thrive in extreme environments.
Researchers have developed new iron oxide nanoparticles with zwitterion coating that can produce similar MRI contrast to gadolinium-based agents without the risk of adverse effects. The particles are water-soluble, compact and biocompatible, making them a potential safer substitute for current contrast agents.
Researchers at UNIST have successfully fabricated the world's thinnest oxide semiconductor, just one atom thick, using atomic layer deposition on graphene. This breakthrough material has a wide band gap and high optical transparency, opening up new possibilities for flexible electronic devices.
A simple technique produces oxide nanowires from bulk materials at ambient temperature and pressure without catalysts or toxic chemicals. The process enables the production of low-cost 1D nanomaterials in large quantities for various applications, including thermally-stable battery membranes.
Researchers have discovered a pathway to produce nitrogen gas without microbial involvement, challenging long-held assumptions about nitrous oxide formation. This breakthrough could lead to practical applications for reducing excess nitrogen in the environment and mitigating eutrophication.
Researchers from Dresden and Basel have developed a novel memory chip concept that can store data magnetically without continuous refreshing, reducing energy consumption and heat generation. The breakthrough uses an electrical voltage instead of current to activate the magnetic material, enabling more efficient data storage.
A groundbreaking study in Nature Magazine explores the use of zinc oxide to improve semiconductors and energy output in electronic devices, promising increased efficiency and performance. The research has significant benefits for Marines on the ground and Sailors at sea, as well as global consumers.
A team led by CU Boulder Professor Delores Knipp found that shock waves from CMEs create nitric oxide, which rapidly cools and shrinks the upper atmosphere. This natural 'thermostat' mechanism helps regulate Earth's temperatures after intense solar activity.
Researchers from UNIST and Rutgers University successfully produced high-quality graphene using microwaves, eliminating oxygen exposure that degrades properties. The new technique may solve long-standing manufacturing challenges, enabling affordable mass commercialization of graphene.
Researchers at Cornell University discovered a biological mechanism that converts nitrogen-based fertilizer into nitrous oxide, increasing atmospheric levels by 120%. The enzyme cytochrome P460 produced in ammonia-oxidizing bacteria leads to nitrous oxide production as a chemical coping strategy.
Researchers at Eindhoven University of Technology developed a new type of solar cell using perovskite material. The addition of a thin layer of aluminum oxide improved the stability of the cell against humidity and increased its yield by 3%.
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology have developed a new method to scale down the size of silicon insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs), achieving significant energy savings through reduced ON resistance. By reducing mesa width, gate length, and oxide thickness, they increased the injection enhancement effect and decrease...
Researchers discovered that Staph bacteria use the nitric oxide synthase enzyme to colonize nasal passages, allowing them to thrive in low-oxygen environments. This mechanism may contribute to the virulence and resistance of staphylococcus bacteria, making it a potential target for prevention strategies.
A new study suggests that pretreating red blood cells with nitric oxide can reduce the risk of pulmonary hypertension, a life-threatening condition associated with transfusions. Pretreated RBCs showed improved survival and function after transfusion, outperforming stored RBCs not exposed to nitric oxide.
Researchers developed a low-cost, environmentally friendly way to create rewritable printed materials using tungsten oxide and polyvinyl pyrrolidone. The material can be reused up to 40 times before quality declines, offering a potential solution to reducing paper waste.
Researchers at Lomonosov Moscow State University have developed a bolometer device that measures electromagnetic radiation energy flow using graphene oxide. The device operates at room temperature without additional cooling, demonstrating the potential of graphene in practical applications.
A new study finds that nitrous oxide provides limited pain relief during labor and does not prevent women from requesting epidurals. Despite its increasing availability in the US, epidural anesthesia remains the most effective method for managing labor pain.
Scientists developed a method to measure the oxygen coefficient of uranium in complex oxides using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The new technique provides accurate information on uranium oxidation state, essential for creating nuclear reactor fuel, waste disposal templates, and environmental rehabilitation technologies.
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory have discovered that complex oxide materials can form self-organized circuit elements, which could support new computing architectures. This breakthrough enables the creation of multifunctional chips with tailored inputs and outputs for specific applications.
Researchers have engineered a magnetoelectric multiferroic material that combines electrical and magnetic properties at room temperature. This new material could enable devices with lower energy consumption, addressing the growing concern of electronics being the fastest-growing consumer of energy worldwide.
Researchers have discovered a phenomenon where certain oxides oscillate when exposed to water vapor, generating oxygen gas and exhibiting flexibility unlike expected. The exact frequency of the oscillations can be precisely tuned, which could have practical applications in battery materials and water-splitting devices.
Researchers have observed a unique phenomenon in perovskite oxides, where they oscillate when exposed to water vapor and electron beams, generating oxygen gas. The exact frequency of the oscillations can be precisely tuned, which could have practical applications for battery development and water-splitting devices.
Researchers at Rutgers University have discovered an easy way to produce high-quality graphene using microwaves. This breakthrough has significant implications for the production of flexible electronics, energy storage devices, and catalysts.
Designing new materials requires collaboration between theory, synthesis, and characterization. Researchers at Penn State used subatomic microscopy to study strain-induced ferroelectricity in a layered oxide, which could lead to new classes of materials with useful properties.
Scientists create a unique cement semiconductor by introducing electron anions, which transforms its properties from insulator to transparent conductor. The material's glass equivalent has a lower glass transition temperature, allowing for greater control over the formation process.
Scientists have developed a new method for making transparent transistors and electronic circuits using aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO), a cheaper and more abundant material than indium tin oxide (ITO). The process uses atomic layer deposition, which improves circuit performance and simplifies fabrication.
A study by Loyola Medicine found that excessive alcohol consumption is associated with lower nitric oxide levels in the lungs, which helps protect against certain bacteria. The researchers suggest that lung doctors should consider the impact of alcohol on nitric oxide levels when interpreting test results.
Researchers at KAIST have developed ultrathin, transparent oxide thin-film transistors that overcome previous challenges in flexible display technology. The new technology uses an inorganic-based laser lift-off method to create high-performance devices with excellent optical transparency and mobility.
Gasotransmitters, such as hydrogen sulfide and ammonia, play a crucial role in regulating human behavior, neurophysiological processes, and mental disorders. These gaseous substances are produced by both the host cells and gut microorganisms, influencing energy metabolism, immune function, and cognitive activities.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis have created a new approach to purify water using graphene oxide and bacteria-produced cellulose. The bi-layered biofoam is light, strong, and flexible, allowing for efficient evaporation of contaminated water.
Researchers at North Carolina State University integrated novel oxides onto a computer chip, enabling new applications such as sensors and non-volatile memory. The integration technology allows for faster, more efficient devices with improved performance.
Researchers at Toyohashi University of Technology have developed a new garnet-type fast ionic conductor that can be used in all-solid-state lithium batteries. The material exhibits high lithium-ion conductivity and chemical stability, making it suitable for large-scale power sources.
Researchers created a new method to switch strontium cobalt oxide between an insulating state and a metal magnet state at room temperature, enabling double the storage capacity of conventional USB flash drives. This technology could increase mobile phone storage by storing more photos and videos.