Articles tagged with Hydrogen Energy
Scientists at UW-Madison have designed a method to harness small amounts of wasted energy to produce usable hydrogen fuel. The process uses the piezoelectric effect to split water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen, achieving an impressive 18% efficiency.
Scientists at Harvard University used a quantum computer to calculate the precise energy of molecular hydrogen, solving a long-standing problem in theoretical chemistry. This achievement has significant implications for fields like cryptography and materials science.
Researchers at U of C have discovered a new material that allows PEM fuel cells to work at higher temperatures, increasing efficiency and reducing costs. This breakthrough could make fuel cells cheaper to produce and more efficient.
The Office of Naval Research (ONR) has partnered with General Motors to test advanced fuel cell vehicles at Camp Pendleton, which may offer benefits such as reduced air pollution and increased power potential. The partnership aims to advance technology that can also address energy challenges for the public.
Scientists successfully produced hydrogen at a rate of 5.6 cubic meters per hour using High-Temperature Electrolysis, a system that improves upon conventional methods. The achievement has potential applications in producing liquid fuels and upgrading heavy oil deposits.
The strength of spider silk lies in the specific geometric configuration of structural proteins, which have small clusters of weak hydrogen bonds that work cooperatively to resist force and dissipate energy. This structure makes spider silk as strong as steel, despite weaker hydrogen bonds.
Researchers at Penn State have developed a method to convert cellulose and other biodegradable organic materials into hydrogen using microbial fuel cells. This process produces 288% more energy in hydrogen than the electrical energy added to it, making it a promising alternative to traditional methods.
A new plastic membrane with hourglass-shaped pores can separate carbon dioxide from methane at a faster rate than conventional membranes. This technology has potential to improve energy efficiency of water purification and reduce greenhouse gas emissions in natural gas processing.
Scientists have developed a technique to generate light and reduce damage in extreme ultraviolet lithography by adding a lighter gas to the plasma. This reduces the number and energy of xenon ions reaching the collector surface, extending its lifetime while maintaining minimal impact on light production.
Researchers have made a breakthrough in controlling the physical properties of materials at a small scale, paving the way for more efficient hydrogen fuel cells. By adding bismuth to lead atoms, Professor Hanno Weitering fine-tuned the stability and superconductivity of the resulting quantum alloy.
Researchers at University of Missouri-Columbia have been awarded a grant from US Department of Energy to develop and test low-pressure hydrogen storage materials. The goal is to increase hydrogen storage capacity for use in vehicles, aiming to meet DOE's 2010 targets.
The Virginia Tech chemistry research group has developed a new molecular complex that harnesses solar energy to produce hydrogen from water. The supramolecule combines three parts: a light absorber, an electron reservoir, and a catalyst to split water into hydrogen.
Researchers at the University of Nevada, Reno have developed a new hydrogen material with over a billion nanotubes that can produce hydrogen from water. The system uses photoactive material from the sun to generate hydrogen, promising a cleaner and more cost-effective energy source.
Researchers at NIST have achieved a new record in quantum calculation precision, simulating the hydrogen molecule to an unprecedented level of accuracy. By merging two earlier algorithms and utilizing parallel processing, they were able to reach an accuracy of 1 part in 100 billion, outperforming previous experimental values.
Researchers aim to mass produce technologies for consumer market, focusing on fundamental research and nanofabrication techniques to improve hydrogen storage and generation from solar cells. The grants are part of a $64 million DOE initiative aiming to make vehicles powered by hydrogen fuel cells available and affordable by 2020.
Virginia Tech researchers have made significant progress in understanding how to convert water into hydrogen gas using photochemical processes. They have developed molecular assemblies that absorb light more efficiently and activate conversion, which has implications for the production of clean energy.
Researchers at NETL and Carnegie Mellon created a predictive model for hydrogen flux through copper palladium alloys, allowing for the screening of other complex alloys. This breakthrough could significantly improve industrial hydrogen purification, taking us closer to a hydrogen-based economy.
A CU-Boulder team discovered that tiny organisms in Yellowstone hot springs rely on hydrogen as their main energy source, contradicting the long-held idea that sulfur is the primary fuel. The study used novel instrumentation and genetic analysis to determine hydrogen's role in microbial communities.
Researchers at Idaho National Laboratory have achieved a major advancement in producing hydrogen from water using high-temperature electrolysis, enhancing efficiency to 45-50%. This technology has the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and fossil fuel consumption.
The Levitated Dipole Experiment (LDX) at MIT and Columbia University is conducting basic studies of confined high-temperature matter and investigating plasma for potential fusion energy. Scientists are using powerful magnets to initiate, sustain, and control plasma in a process that releases large amounts of energy.
A new study by UGA researcher Rob Maier found that Salmonella uses molecular hydrogen as an energy source, expanding previous findings on major human pathogens. This discovery has profound implications for the treatment of some diseases and could lead to therapeutic interventions by targeting unique metal clusters in bacteria.
Scientists at Newcastle University have discovered a way to safely store and release hydrogen, paving the way for pollution-free cars. The breakthrough uses nanoporous materials to trap and release hydrogen gas, which could power vehicles in the future.
The Department of Energy has awarded $9 million to IBEA, led by J. Craig Venter, to study microorganisms in the Sargasso Sea and explore their potential for producing hydrogen and reducing carbon dioxide emissions from energy sources like petroleum and coal.
A continental SuperGrid could meet the US energy demands in the 21st century by delivering both electrical power and hydrogen fuel. The concept links urban centers to remote power sources, reducing transmission bottlenecks and improving system reliability.
The MIT study concludes that hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are not an environmentally friendly solution due to energy consumption and emissions. Hybrid vehicles, on the other hand, offer a more efficient approach, reducing energy use and emissions by a third compared to current vehicles.
The research found that Helicobacter pylori can use hydrogen as an energy source, increasing its colonization in mice. The study showed that mice stomachs contained sufficient hydrogen to support the growth of H. pylori.
A new UGA study reveals that Helicobacter pylori and other human pathogens use molecular hydrogen as an energy source, leading to increased stomach colonization ability. The discovery has profound implications for the treatment of diseases such as gastric cancer and bacterial diarrhea illnesses.
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have developed a process to convert glucose into hydrogen fuel, with potential applications in generating power. The method produces low-carbon hydrogen with minimal CO concentrations, making it suitable for fuel-cell operation.
Researchers at Cornell University's Laboratory of Plasma Studies have developed a new X-pinch imaging technique that produces extremely high-resolution images of minute objects. The technique, which uses powerful electrical currents to create plasma, has been used to image objects as small as house fly hairs and even living ants.
Hydrogenosomes evolved from mitochondria in response to drastic ecological changes, displaying both species-specific and conserved features. The research team found that the contents and form of hydrogenosomes differ across species, with some resembling mitochondria.
A Cornell University research team studied the fundamental step in hydrogen combustion, finding that energy is released when newly formed water molecules are produced in excited vibrational and rotational levels. The study's results support new theoretical predictions, providing a breakthrough in understanding chemical reactions.
Chemists at UNC-CH have answered a decade-old scientific riddle about the origin of an energy barrier that prevents reactions except at high temperatures. The study found that dimer sites, pairs of silicon atoms, play a crucial role in the reaction by tilting up and down like a see-saw.
The Ovshinskys will be designated one of 12 Heroes of Chemistry by the American Chemical Society for their development of better batteries for electric cars and roof shingles that convert sunlight to electricity. They are also working on making use of hydrogen as fuel practical and affordable.
A dosimeter, a portable device, detects gamma rays and neutrons to ensure workplace safety in nuclear power plants and research labs. It uses lithium isotopes to measure neutron particles and has been recognized as one of the 100 most significant technological achievements for the year 2000.
Researchers are working together on the Pierre Auger Project to find the source of high-energy cosmic rays. The project aims to build two huge observatories in the southern and northern hemisphere to detect and measure extensive air showers produced by these particles.
A semi-fuel cell hybrid has been developed to propel unmanned undersea vehicles, providing a cheap and safe energy source with four times the energy of current batteries. The technology also features a long shelf life and uses seawater as the battery fluid.
Researchers have successfully synthesized a look-alike enzyme for hydrogenase, which could lead to an inexpensive and abundant supply of hydrogen. The new version contains 25 atoms instead of thousands found in natural enzymes, but still needs improvement to fully function as a catalyst.
Researchers at Sandia National Laboratories have proposed a concept for rapid-fire thermonuclear explosions to generate clean fusion energy, using recyclable transmission lines and minimizing chamber emptying. The method aims to advance the development of machines like Z accelerator for relatively cheap and clean energy.
Scientists estimate a small amount of life could have existed on Mars through chemical reactions over billions of years. They also explore the possibility of life on Europa, estimating lower energy availability than on Mars.
Sandia National Laboratories has proposed a design for an accelerator, X-1, that aims to achieve high-yield fusion. If funded, the project is expected to reach initial operating capability by 2007 and high-yield fusion by 2010, providing important data for the nation's stockpile stewardship program.
Researchers at the University of Delaware have developed a new theory on how chemical additives alter the growth rate of silicon and silicon-germanium alloys. By understanding this mechanism, they hope to improve the control of electronic properties in films grown from chemical vapors at low temperatures.
A team of University of Cincinnati biologists has discovered a unique ecosystem in Romania's Movile Cave that thrives without solar energy. The cave is home to 48 species, including 33 found nowhere else, which rely on chemoautotrophic processes for food production.