Articles tagged with Colleges
Desmond O'Neill, a professor of medical gerontology, will receive the GSA's 2014 Joseph T. Freeman Award for his work on aging and transportation. He is recognized for his extensive research publications and leadership roles in promoting gerontology at regional, national, and international levels.
A new study found that electronic reminders, such as text messages, significantly increase patient compliance with a preadmission antiseptic showering regimen. The study showed a 66% reduction in composite mean concentration of chlorhexidine gluconate on the skin surface in patients who did not receive digital communications.
Researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine found that certain bacteria produce metabolites that strengthen the intestinal epithelium's barrier function. These metabolites activate a protein called PXR, which suppresses inflammatory responses and increases junction strength between epithelial cells.
Researchers aim to improve stroke therapies by studying brain networks linked to movement, particularly hand and arm control. They will use techniques like fMRI and transcranial magnetic stimulation to map brain activity and stimulate specific regions.
A study at City College of New York found that analyzing the brainwaves of a few individuals can accurately predict preferences of large TV audiences. The researchers used electroencephalography (EEG) to capture brain activity while participants watched scenes from 'The Walking Dead' and Super Bowl commercials.
A new study found that two beneficial variants of a gene controlling red blood cell development have spread from Africa to nearly all human populations globally. These variants promote fetal haemoglobin production in adulthood, leading to milder symptoms of inherited blood disorders like sickle cell anaemia and thalassaemia.
A hospital used the ACS NSQIP database to identify a link between postoperative isolation and increased risk of venous thromboembolism. By implementing measures such as designated ambulation areas and spirometer use, the hospital was able to reduce VTE rates and save an estimated $10,000 to $16,000 per potentially affected patient.
The Tennessee Surgical Quality Collaborative reduced surgical complications by 19.7% since 2009, saving at least 533 lives and $75.2 million in costs. The collaborative, formed in 2008, used the ACS NSQIP program to collect data and evaluate best practices.
A study published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology found that endurance runners are more likely to die from heat stroke than cardiac events during races. Researchers analyzed data from 14 long-distance races and found 21 serious cases of heat stroke, including two fatalities.
Researchers studied 55,137 adults and found that running as little as 5 minutes daily can reduce cardiovascular disease-related death by 30%. Running persistently over six years yields significant benefits, with a 29% lower risk of death for any reason.
A Canadian hospital reduced cardiac surgical site infections (SSIs) by 77% through a comprehensive safety program. The hospital implemented best practices in prophylactic antibiotic use, wound care, and patient warming to lower the SSI rate from 7% to 1.6%.
Quercetin reverses high glucose-induced inhibition of neural cell proliferation and reduces apoptosis through autophagy induction. Autophagic and proliferative activities are rescued in Schwann cells under high glucose conditions after quercetin intervention.
A new study by New York University found that a well-designed physical work environment can improve nurses' efficiency, teamwork, and communication, leading to higher job satisfaction. The study also revealed that this indirect impact on job satisfaction is associated with better patient outcomes.
A study published in Fire Safety Science found that wind turbines experience a significant number of fires annually, with estimates suggesting ten times more fires than reported. The research highlights the need for improved fire protection engineering solutions to address this issue.
A new study in the Journal of Consumer Research shows that consumers who attribute their successes to internal character traits rather than hard work are more likely to seek out unique options. Brands can leverage this insight by emphasizing consumer uniqueness with terms like 'you're special'.
Researchers analyzed the marmoset genome, revealing insights into primate biology and evolution. The study highlights the importance of mobile elements in shaping the primate genome.
A new study by UT Arlington researchers found that many young adults are not aware of the female condom, a barrier method protecting against STIs and unplanned pregnancies. The study suggests that effective communication is crucial for its adoption, with design, protection, and convenience being key characteristics.
A new study published in the American Sociological Review finds that counties with high levels of residential segregation based on education levels are more likely to have Tea Party organizations. The research also shows that college graduates living in these segregated areas are more likely to support the Tea Party. These findings hig...
Researchers have successfully used kisspeptin to stimulate ovulation in women undergoing IVF treatment, reducing the risk of OHSS. Twelve babies were born after their mothers received the hormone injection, with 12 becoming pregnant and nine having healthy embryos transferred.
Scientists discovered a dense underground block of volcanic rock caused the Appalachian mountain chain to shift eastward, forming a distinctive bend. The findings provide valuable insights into the Earth's underlying structures and could inform decisions on hydraulic fracturing in New York State.
Marie A. Bernard, MD, has been recognized for her outstanding leadership in gerontology through teaching, service, and public interpretation. She serves as the NIA's deputy director, overseeing a portfolio of over $1 billion in research.
A new national study examines campus police/security responses to serious, underage, and less-serious alcohol incidents on and off college campuses. The study found that campus security or law enforcement officials rarely issue citations for alcohol-law violations, instead referring students to discipline or sanctions from other univer...
Mathematician Julius Barbanel and political scientist Steven Brams developed an algorithm to divide goods like cake and land between two people, ensuring equal pieces and no envy. The cut-and-choose method uses probability density functions to determine portions, making it efficient, equitable, and jealousy-free.
Scientists have designed a new self-assembling nanoparticle that targets tumours to improve MRI scanning's effectiveness and sensitivity. The particle increases the signal power and clarity of images, allowing doctors to detect cancerous cells earlier.
A study published in Neural Regeneration Research found that fructose-1,6-diphosphate reduces mitochondrial swelling and increases synaptic active zone length in hippocampal CA1 area. The compound has neuroprotective effects against repeated febrile convulsions-induced hippocampal neuron and synapse damage.
Researchers detected age-related changes in lateral ventricular width and periventricular white matter using DTI, which may correlate with cognitive and sensory motor deficits. The study published in Neural Regeneration Research found increases in fractional anisotropy value related to ventricle enlargement.
Researchers at Imperial College London found a link between specific urine metabolites and spontaneous premature birth. Decreased levels of certain molecules were associated with poor fetal development and increased risk of diabetes.
Michigan State University researchers found that students with gym memberships had higher GPAs and stayed in school longer. The study analyzed data from 4,843 freshmen and sophomores, showing a 3.5% increase in two-year retention rates among members.
A new study found that injecting a type of polio vaccine, which is rarely used today, can provide better and longer-lasting protection against infection when combined with the oral vaccine. The research suggests that this type of vaccine could be used to boost immunity in people traveling from or to polio-infected countries.
Giving children under 5 an extra dose of inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) boosts their immunity to the poliovirus, supporting global eradication efforts. The additional dose substantially improves protective antibodies and intestinal immunity against poliovirus.
Montefiore and Einstein researchers present data at the 2014 Alzheimer's Association International Conference, focusing on triggers for mild cognitive impairment and dementia. The research aims to identify potential strategies to preserve cognitive function and delay or prevent Alzheimer's disease onset.
Research by Jeong Pyo Seo and Sung Ho Jang found that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) reduces activation in the unaffected motor cortex of patients with cerebral infarct. This effect was observed after just two weeks of treatment, suggesting potential drawbacks to this therapy for stroke recovery.
Researchers found that psilocybin alters brain activity, increasing entropy in primitive networks linked to emotions and memory. The study suggests a physical representation of the 'mind expansion' experience, providing insight into psychedelic drugs' effects on consciousness.
Researchers at UNH's NHAES identified over 600 species of leafhoppers in New Hampshire, with about 40 being economically significant due to their disease-carrying abilities. The team found six leafhopper species known to carry X-disease, and provided guidance on management techniques to reduce the risk of outbreaks.
A study found that alcohol use disorders are associated with a lower work trajectory, with women's careers more likely to be disrupted. The association is stronger for women than men, suggesting that AUDs may have a greater impact on women's career paths.
A toolbox has been created to assist gastroenterology training directors in meeting ACGME Internal Medicine Subspecialty Reporting Milestones requirements. The toolkit includes 13 core tasks, or entrustable professional activities, that define the work of gastroenterologists and hepatologists.
A recent study reveals that over one third of knee replacement surgeries in the US were deemed inappropriate, citing variation in knee pain and functional loss. The findings emphasize the need for standardized patient selection criteria among medical professionals to ensure effective use of this procedure.
Researchers estimated 5.77 million A&E visits in England were preceded by inability to get a timely GP appointment, representing 26.5% of unplanned attendances. The study aimed to inform the debate on rising A&E attendances and lack of access to GPs.
A new project funded by Women's College Hospital Research Institute aims to assess the risk of sexual assault for women attending mass gatherings like concerts or sporting events. The project is part of 26 innovative research initiatives awarded $15,000 or more through the $15K Challenge.
Researchers found that social media users are less likely to endorse products on platforms like Facebook due to fear of negative comments. However, sharing opinions with close friends and family can boost self-esteem, making them more willing to do so.
Researchers from Imperial College London and GNS Science have discovered that tsunami earthquakes may be caused by extinct undersea volcanoes causing a 'sticking point' between tectonic plates. This release of energy led to the formation of large tsunamis, as seen in rare events off New Zealand's north island in 1947.
Researchers discovered microorganisms that trigger diarrheal disease and others that may prevent its onset. The study found associations with several organisms, including Streptococcus and Granulicatella, which correlated with severe diarrhea in young children in developing countries.
Samuel Dodson, a recent graduate of Lewis and Clark College, has been awarded the 2014 Peter Lyman Memorial Scholarship in New Media. He will pursue a Master of Archival Studies and Master of Library and Information Studies at the University of British Columbia.
A recent study found that nearly half of all quality improvement initiatives have little to no impact on quality of care. Effective feedback strategies include delivery from a respected colleague, repeated multiple times with specific goals and action plans.
A new study reveals that peer-to-peer problem solving can lessen the need for firms to contact their supplier for traditional customer support services. By leveraging collective knowledge and wisdom of customer communities, firms can conserve time and resources associated with traditional support services.
A new study by University of Utah Health shows that early surgical follow-up with primary care physicians significantly reduces hospital readmissions for patients undergoing high-risk surgeries. Patients who received post-operative complications had a 20% lower readmission rate when they saw their primary care provider within 30 days.
Researchers have discovered that chitin microparticles from crab shells can reduce inflammation in animal models and improve symptoms associated with IBD. The findings could lead to the development of novel preventive and therapeutic strategies for this chronic disease.
A study of all adult deaths in English hospitals from 2010-2012 found that falls and healthcare-associated infections were the most frequent incident types, accounting for one in five reported deaths. Deficiencies in checking and oversight accounted for 11% of incidents, including medication errors and misinterpretation of test results.
A study by King's College London suggests that genes increasing schizophrenia risk also contribute to higher cannabis use. Individuals genetically predisposed to schizophrenia are more likely to use and consume cannabis in greater quantities.
A new study found that people with low self-esteem resist positive reframing and prefer negative validation from loved ones. Supporting friends with low self-esteem can be frustrating and tiring.
A University of Colorado Denver study found that increased bicycle use leads to reduced collisions between cyclists and motorists, attributed to the 'safety in numbers effect'. The study focused on Boulder, Colorado, where high bicycling rates resulted in lower crash rates.
A study by Boston College Marketing Professor Linda Salisbury found that minimum payment warnings had little impact on repayment decisions, but showing a three-year payoff time frame with accompanying lower interest costs led to both positive and negative effects. Some consumers were encouraged to pay more, while others were nudged tow...
A new US study found that nearly 4% of babies born in the US are delivered early without a medical reason, with sociodemographic differences identified between women having early elective labor inductions and cesareans. Early elective deliveries are linked to increased health risks for mothers and babies.
Researchers found that blacklegged ticks are almost twice as likely to be infected with two pathogens, Lyme disease and babesiosis. This increases the risk of exposure to multiple diseases, particularly in areas with high incidence of tick-borne illnesses.
A pioneering study aims to quantify eye movements and brain responses in adults with convergence insufficiency (CI) to understand the underlying mechanisms of vision therapy. The research hopes to lead to new therapies improving daily activities, such as reading comfortably for longer periods.
UT Arlington researchers used a portable brain-mapping device to show limited prefrontal cortex activity among student veterans with PTSD during simple memorization tasks. The study found significant improvement in brain function after treatment, enabling mental healthcare providers to tailor treatment plans.
According to a study by the Conference of Social Councils, only 16% of Ph.D.s in Spain work in the private sector, significantly lower than the OECD average of 32%. The report highlights the need for greater cooperation between public and private institutions to increase research investment and competitiveness.
A neuroscientist proposes a novel explanation for habituation, which allows the brain to filter out insignificant environmental stimuli. The 'negative-image model' explains how repeated activation of neurons leads to increased inhibition, altering responses in individuals with autism spectrum disorders.
Researchers estimate that medication management and counseling by a pharmacist can reduce readmissions by up to 20%. The study, funded by the National Association of Chain Drug Stores Foundation, pairs high-risk patients with community pharmacists to review medications and provide guidance on managing complex disease states.
Researchers found that chimpanzee crop raids are forcing African farmers to grow alternative crops and spend more time guarding their goods, increasing exposure to disease-carrying insects. The study suggests a positive shift towards community-led conservation, but warns of the negative impact on local communities.