Articles tagged with Universities
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Research by University at Buffalo sociologists reveals a marked increase in the portrayal of women as hypersexualized in popular media, leading to cause for concern about negative consequences. The study found that images of men have become more sexualized over time, but women continue to be more frequently and intensely sexualized.
Archaeologists have uncovered a 3,000-year-old lion sculpture adorning a citadel gate complex in southeastern Turkey. The find provides valuable insight into the cultural sophistication of Iron Age states in the eastern Mediterranean.
Researchers at York University have identified a protein called nesfatin-1 that stimulates insulin secretion and regulates appetite, leading to potential weight loss and improved blood sugar control. The study found that rats administered with nesfatin-1 ate less, used more stored fat and became more active.
Candice Shoemaker's study shows that creating a course map with student learning outcomes improves student confidence in understanding topics, correlating with better academic performance. Students' average confidence increased from two to four by the end of the semester.
A new imaging tool has been developed to help understand and predict the structure of nanometer-sized pieces in living cells and devices. The technique, called phase-modulation 2D fluorescence spectroscopy, allows researchers to study complex molecular structures at the nanoscale.
Scientists studied brain cells in rats and found that only place cells were sensitive to height, with weak responsiveness. The brain's sense of space is more accurate in horizontal directions, suggesting a flat map of space for altitude.
A recent study found that nearly half of college veterans reported suicidal thoughts and 20% had planned to kill themselves. The survey also revealed higher rates of suicide-related problems among student veterans compared to those seeking mental health services from VA centers.
Researchers demonstrate that any carbon source can be converted into high-quality graphene, a material with numerous applications. They tested various materials, including food, insects, and waste, to produce graphene, showcasing its potential for widespread use.
A study analyzing over 61,000 Italian professors found significant nepotism in academia, with certain disciplines showing a high likelihood of hiring family members. The research suggests that nepotism is a pervasive problem, contributing to Italy's brain drain and poor university rankings.
A new study finds that large river discharges carrying nutrients contribute to increased phytoplankton blooms, which in turn lead to cholera outbreaks. The research analyzed data from four major river basins and suggests that predicting global warming's impact on cholera will be more complicated than initially thought.
Kenneth Ferraro, a renowned sociologist and gerontologist, has been awarded the 2011 Distinguished Mentorship in Gerontology Award by the Gerontological Society of America. He is recognized for his significant impact on fostering excellence in the field through mentoring and inspiring students and colleagues.
The NSF has launched a national synthesis center, SESYNC, to develop solutions for pressing environmental issues. The center will bring together natural and social scientists to identify synergies and create effective, workable solutions.
A survey of 4,639 Virginia Tech students found that 15.4% experienced high levels of posttraumatic stress three to four months after the shootings. The study suggests that social relationships and anxiety about friend safety were key factors in symptoms of posttraumatic stress.
Researchers from University College London and Imperial College London developed an algorithm to search for signatures of other universes in cosmic microwave background radiation. They found an observational upper limit on the number of bubble collision signatures, providing a test of the multiverse theory.
Researchers created a novel solution to generate high-quality schedules for MLB umpires, minimizing travel time and adhering to league rules. The method, developed in collaboration with experts from Carnegie Mellon University and Michigan State University, reduced the creation time from weeks to just a few days.
XinQi Dong, MD, MPH, receives the award for translating research into practical application and policy, focusing on elder abuse and neglect issues. The award recognizes his work in bridging research and practice, particularly in promoting understanding and civic engagement among Chinese communities.
Alan Jette, a renowned expert in rehabilitation and aging, has been awarded the 2011 Excellence in Rehabilitation of Aging Persons Award by The Gerontological Society of America. His work focuses on measuring function and disability, with a particular emphasis on developing innovative outcome measurement instruments.
A new study by Baylor University researcher found that older men and women have different opinions on body satisfaction, with physical activity improving satisfaction in both sexes. The study also revealed a shift in body satisfaction away from appearance towards functionality as people age.
A multidisciplinary team at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev developed a new training method using desktop webcams to improve ergonomic posture among office workers. The photo-training method provided effective short-term and long-term posture improvement, particularly for older workers and those with musculoskeletal pain.
Robert Binstock, a professor at Case Western Reserve University, has made a significant impact on policies regarding aging. His research has improved the targeting of services to economically and socially disadvantaged older persons.
Charles Darkoh, a UTHealth graduate student, has been awarded a prestigious UNCF/Merck fellowship to conduct research on multidrug-resistant Clostridium difficile bacterial infection. His work aims to develop a cost-efficient diagnostic test and novel therapeutic strategies for C. difficile infection.
Bass, American University provost, receives the award for his professional leadership and contributions to advancing aging research and practice. The honor recognizes his translation of research findings into practical use.
Researchers at Rice University have discovered a way to transform sheets of graphite oxide into functional supercapacitors by writing patterns into them with a laser. The devices exhibit good electrochemical performance without the need for chemicals, comparable to existing thin-film micro-supercapacitors.
Researchers found that a quantum know-it-all can answer questions correctly even with incomplete knowledge of the subject as a whole. The study's findings raise new questions about the nature of quantum ignorance and its implications for emerging technologies like quantum cryptography and computation.
A UC Irvine study found a 28% rise in physical ailments among those who watched the 9/11 attacks live on TV, while reports of doctor-diagnosed illness climbed by 18% in adults. The study highlights the impact of collective trauma on health.
A York University study found that yoga significantly reduces physical and psychological symptoms of chronic pain in women with fibromyalgia. Practicing hatha yoga twice weekly for eight weeks led to elevated cortisol levels and decreased pain intensity, suggesting a positive impact on the body's stress response.
A new study by Michigan State University found that teacher influence persists in early grades, affecting students' reading and math scores in later grades. The research highlights the importance of identifying and hiring effective teachers in elementary school to improve student achievement.
Scientists at the University of Nevada, Reno conducted a series of earthquake tests on a 5-story building in Japan to demonstrate the effectiveness of seismic isolation technology. The goal is to make critical facilities safer and more resilient to extreme earthquakes, such as those that occur every 2500 years on the West Coast of the ...
A study by Baylor University found that children with ADHD treated in psychiatric clinics have significantly worse health-related quality of life and family functioning than those treated by general pediatricians. The study highlights the importance of evaluating both children's and parents' perspectives on quality of life.
A University at Buffalo psychiatrist is developing a standardized vocabulary for chronic pain to improve its assessment. By studying thousands of patients from around the world, he aims to create a uniform way of describing pain using ontology, which draws on philosophy and computational approaches.
The Guy Harvey Ocean Foundation has awarded a research grant to Dr. Neil Hammerschlag's RJ Dunlap Marine Conservation Program at the University of Miami to investigate the impact of declining marine apex predator populations on the ocean ecosystem.
A new study has identified possible genetic variations that could influence a patient's recovery from an eating disorder. The findings suggest that certain genetic traits, including those associated with anxiety and concerns over mistakes, may be linked to chronic eating disorders.
Ana Luisa Laws, a University of Houston Graduate College of Social Work student, is one of five students in Texas to receive the Hogg Foundation Scholarship. The scholarship program aims to attract students to mental health careers and support their advanced studies and professional practice.
A new study published in Archives of Sexual Behaviour found that personality characteristics and interpersonal factors are stronger predictors of infidelity than demographic variables. For men, propensity for sexual excitation and concern about sexual performance failure were significant predictors, while women who felt sexually incomp...
A new gene, Eibi1, has been discovered that plays a crucial role in the evolution of life on Earth. The gene contributes to the production of cutin, a component of plant cuticles that reduces water loss and prevents dehydration.
A Rice University study reveals that European house mice have developed resistance to warfarin through two distinct processes: point mutation and horizontal gene transfer. Algerian mice, a desert-dwelling species, are believed to have passed the resistant genome into house mice in Spain or North Africa.
Researchers have developed a mathematical framework that can turn road vibrations and airport runway noise into electrical energy. By altering the shape of grain-to-grain contact areas between particles, it is possible to change how energy moves, allowing for controllable energy channeling.
Researchers at Ben-Gurion University developed a new test that distinguishes between bacterial and viral infections by measuring chemiluminescence. This timesaving method has predictive diagnostic value and could reduce antibiotic misuse and healthcare costs, as well as provide more accurate treatment.
A new study by Santa Clara University's Center for Science, Technology, and Society explores the current investment methods and profit expectations of 45 'impact investors' who invest in social-entrepreneur ventures worldwide. The study aims to create a more coordinated system for such startups.
A University of Guelph study shows that new employees who undergo structured on-boarding processes are more likely to be engaged and committed to their job. The study found that personalized engagement is key to a new employee's commitment and performance.
A University at Buffalo study found that quantum dots degrade in soil, releasing toxic cadmium and selenium ions. The researchers suggest that modifying the chemistry of nanomaterials could prevent degradation and mitigate environmental impacts.
Two studies published in Appetite found that consuming in-shell pistachios reduces calorie intake by 41% and provides visual cues to control portion size. Pistachio shells offer a simple technique to fool oneself full, supporting the 'Pistachio Principle'.
Researchers Richard Boone and Pat Marsteller propose enhancing the NSF's GK-12 program, which has placed 10,000 graduate students in over 6,000 schools. The revamped program aims to strengthen science education for K-12 students and improve teaching skills for graduate students.
Scientists report that the world's forests store approximately 2.4 gigatons of carbon per year, with boreal forests accounting for nearly 22% of total stored carbon. A warming climate may reduce the capacity of forests to sequester carbon, highlighting the importance of understanding their role in the global carbon cycle.
Rice University scientists have developed a cable made of metallic nanotubes that can carry electricity with minimal loss. The 'amplified' nanotubes are created by chemically attaching an iron/cobalt catalyst to the ends of nanotubes and fine-tuning the temperature and environment for amplification.
A University at Buffalo study found that Jakobshavn Isbrae expanded outward at a similar pace as it retreated in recent years, supporting evidence that calving glaciers are sensitive to climate change. The glacier's growth was linked to the Little Ice Age period around 200 years ago.
Researchers discovered that gold bridges composed of a single atom are stiffest, contrary to everyday intuition. This finding is crucial for understanding the behavior of tiny components in devices like computer circuits.
Two Baylor professors developed 12 lessons using a Coke bottle to teach small business owners about demand, product placement, and marketing. The lessons were successful in attracting an audience and led to positive changes in one of the entrepreneurs' businesses.
Researchers developed a supramolecular system combining single-walled carbon nanotubes with porous silicate materials, enabling the study of interactions between carbon nanotubes and a wide range of photoluminescent molecules. The platform holds promise for applications in catalysis, artificial photosynthesis, and hydrogen splitting.
Researchers at Dynamic Eye and UB have developed sunglasses that detect bright spots of light and darken specific parts of the lens to block glare. The technology reduces direct glare 10-100 times more than any other sunglasses, allowing users to see more clearly in glare situations.
A University of Toronto study found that female minorities experience racism more deeply than sexism, leading to personal rejection and emotional distress. The research highlights the unique impact of racism on women from diverse backgrounds.
The Resilience Capacity Index (RCI) measures a region's ability to adapt to stress, identifying strengths and weaknesses. Northeastern and Midwestern regions tend to be more resilient due to high scores for affordability, health-insured population, and metropolitan stability.
Research from Northwestern University found that 50% of college drinkers report at least one alcohol-induced memory blackout in the past year. Students who experienced these blackouts were more likely to suffer alcohol-related injuries, highlighting the need for better screening and interventions.
Two PhD students, Dr. Sally Shen and Dr. Mano Kalaiarasan, won cash awards for groundbreaking research on treating antibiotics in wastewater and fine particles' impact on environment and health. The prizes recognize excellence in environmental sustainability research, fostering innovation and inspiring young scholars.
Ben-Gurion University of the Negev is part of a new consortium creating the Israeli Center for Research Excellence in renewable energies. The team will focus on developing energy-rich biomass as a biofuel feedstock and exploring innovative solutions for sustainable energy production.
Researchers at King's College London have discovered a molecule called CXCL5 that controls sensitivity to UVB irradiation-induced pain, providing a potential new target for medicines. The findings also suggest the possibility of developing new analgesics for conditions like arthritis and cystitis.
The Entomological Society of America has elected 10 new Fellows for 2011, recognizing their outstanding contributions to entomology. Dr. Susan J. Brown is a leading geneticist who established Tribolium as a model organism for insect development research, while Dr. James Carey is an authority on arthropod demography and invasion biology.
Research from the University of Minnesota finds that people who grew up poor are more likely to take risks for immediate rewards when feeling threatened. In contrast, those raised in a more predictable environment respond by becoming more cautious.
A study by cognitive psychologist Justin J. Couchman found that rhesus monkeys possess a form of self awareness, specifically the ability to understand they are the cause of certain actions. This sense of self-agency may help illuminate apparent self-awareness deficits in humans with autism, schizophrenia, and Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers discovered that when rats tasted fatty foods, cells in their upper gut produced endocannabinoids, triggering a surge in cell signaling that prompts overeating. The study suggests that obstructing endocannabinoid activity may curb this tendency, offering new potential treatments for obesity and related diseases.