Articles tagged with Universities
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Dr. Jirayut 'New' Latthivongskorn and Dr. Denisse Rojas Marquez are joint recipients of the 2021 Vilcek-Gold Award for Humanism in Healthcare, honoring their leadership in establishing Pre-Health Dreamers and advocating for undocumented immigrants. The award recognizes their commitment to humanistic care and its impact on public health.
A 10-week training program showed that both sighted and blind participants improved on echolocation tasks, with some even performing better than expert echolocators. The study's findings suggest that click-based echolocation can be a valuable tool for people with vision loss or progressive degenerative eye conditions.
A new simulation platform, Advanced Modular Manikin (AMM), has been developed to realistically simulate multiple trauma scenarios, providing physiologic responses and feedback. Trauma team members preferred the integrated AMM platform for its realism and feedback, leading to higher team experience ratings.
Scientists from Kanazawa University use HS-AFM to study DNA-histone interactions, revealing spatiotemporal dynamics and real-time observations of wrapping, sliding, sandwiching, and wrapping motions. The study provides valuable insights into the compactification of DNA and its potential applications in understanding human diseases.
Research found that adolescents with higher levels of DHA, an omega-3 fatty acid, were less likely to develop psychotic disorder in early adulthood. Those with lower levels of DHA had a higher risk of developing the condition, even after accounting for other factors.
A team of researchers from Japan discovered that high COOH concentration facilitates internal proton transport while lower concentrations favor interfacial transport. The study may contribute to developing bio-conductive materials for biological devices and eco-friendly fuel cells.
A breakthrough study uses oral tactile visualization of complex 3D structures to improve accessibility in STEM education for blind and visually impaired students. Students recognized structures by mouth at 85.59% accuracy, similar to recognition by eyesight using computer animation.
A longitudinal study found that parents modify their home literacy environment according to their children's progress in learning to read. Access to literacy resources was a consistent predictor of emergent literacy over time. Parents also adjusted their reading comprehension activities with their children as they encountered reading d...
A research team led by the University of Houston will examine external review letters and tenure clock extensions to uncover ways to reduce bias and increase representation of faculty from diverse backgrounds. The project aims to create training programs to promote transparency and fairness in promotion and tenure processes.
Researchers found that houses with higher floors had significantly fewer female Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes, with a 84% reduction at 3m. This could lead to comparable reductions in malaria transmission. The study suggests elevating homes may be an effective intervention in sub-Saharan Africa.
Researchers found strong antiresonance in orthoferrite materials when placed at an odd angle under high magnetic fields. This unique state allows for ultrastrong interactions between magnons, which could lead to suppressed fluctuation noise and increased sensitivity in quantum sensing applications.
Researchers found that T cells can make mistakes when identifying healthy cells from infected ones, even when binding tightly to antigens. This discovery may lead to new treatments for autoimmune diseases and improve cancer therapies.
Researchers found that children who attended childcare outside the home during COVID-19 made greater gains in language and thinking skills, particularly among those from less advantaged backgrounds. The study recommends sustainable funding for nursery provision, promotion of funded places in target areas, and removal of administrative ...
Scientists have discovered the potential progenitor of the domestic watermelon, the Kordofan melon, which has more disease-resistant genes. The study could help breed more disease-resistant watermelons in the future.
A study by Florida Atlantic University reveals that increased nitrogen availability is transforming Sargassum into a toxic 'dead zone' with catastrophic impacts on coastal ecosystems and human health. The research, published in Nature Communications, suggests that global nutrient pollution is driving harmful algal blooms.
Scientists at Osaka University employ machine learning algorithms to assess the remaining useful life of mechanical rolling bearings, which may lead to industrial cost savings and fewer discarded parts. The new method improves prediction accuracy by about 32%.
Researchers found that a large earthquake could set off the eruption of Hawaii's Mauna Loa volcano by relieving stress from magma influx, generating additional pressure and buoyancy. The study also identified movements along near-horizontal faults under the flanks as essential features of long-term volcano growth.
Researchers find that hyper-enriched gold deposits form like soured milk, with butterfat particles clumping together to form a jelly. This process explains the rapid formation of these rare and valuable deposits, solving a decades-old scientific puzzle.
The University of Montana-led prescribed wildfire burn aimed to restore the landscape and provide an educational experience for students. The burn, which took about two years to plan, involved a mix of 12 UM undergraduate and graduate students who received certification for experience on a prescribed burn.
A team of researchers at the University of Ottawa has developed a new pathway to transform CO2 gas into solid carbon forms that emit light, creating a low-energy alternative. The breakthrough uses visible light to initiate dissociation in carbon dioxide molecules on a nanostructured silver surface.
The study investigates chirality in magnetic structures, revealing a memory effect for helicity after phase transition to achiral state. Coauthors describe the importance of chirality in defects and dislocations.
Researchers found that adding a third drug to dual-drug inhalers can reduce severe asthma exacerbations and improve asthma control in children, adolescents, and adults with moderate-to-severe asthma. The study included data from 20 randomized controlled trials involving almost 12,000 patients.
A new study suggests that invasive insect and animal species share similar challenges with human diseases, including pandemics. The research team proposes integrated approaches to prevent future pandemics and the spread of invasive species, combining ecology and medicine to improve prediction, prevention, treatment, and mitigation.
A new study found that nearly a quarter of international students make their decision to stay or go before arriving in Canada, while the majority wait until after experiencing life here. Students cited family ties, employment opportunities, and feelings of isolation as key factors shaping their decisions.
A new study found that high-speed ferries and recreational boats produce substantial underwater noise in San Francisco Bay, affecting gray and humpback whales and bottlenose dolphins. The researchers used radar tracking technology to quantify vessel noise, revealing that ferries generate more noise than large commercial ships.
A new study from Northwestern University found that self-affirmation can help Black medical students overcome fatigue, improve their sense of belonging, and reduce competitiveness for high-need residency spots. The intervention also showed promise in reducing stereotype threat and improving residency goal stability.
A study led by Florida Atlantic University confirms that the non-native vervet monkey population in Dania Beach has West African origins and were introduced through a failed roadside zoo. The research provides critical baseline information on this little-known population, shedding light on their adaptation to urban environments.
Researchers discovered innate immune markers increased in frequency in modern people from a region that experienced the plague, suggesting these markers might have evolved to resist the disease. The study also found changes in allele distribution for immune-related genes, which could be evidence of past Yersinia pestis exposure.
Academic institutions must improve support for disabled faculty members, including those with visible and invisible disabilities. The commentary highlights the challenges created by high demands for grant money and frequent research publications, which can lead to reduced funding and staff retention.
The Fannie and John Hertz Foundation has announced the 2021 recipients of the Hertz Fellowship, funding 12 PhD students working on groundbreaking projects. The fellows will receive five years of graduate research support, with a focus on improving treatments for cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.
Researchers found unique fingerprints of hypoplasia and agenesis in corpus callosum dysgenesis, using distinct plastic mechanisms to compensate for partial or complete lack of the corpus callosum. This discovery sheds light on brain plasticity and its relation to symptoms in patients with this condition.
Researchers at Rice University engineered a pH-sensing gut bacteria to diagnose inflammatory bowel diseases like Crohn's disease. The organism glows green when it encounters acidic conditions, reflecting the level of acidity. This discovery could lead to non-invasive diagnosis and monitoring of acidosis in humans.
A recent study found that four out of five women in prison in Scotland have a history of head injury, mostly sustained through domestic violence. Women who had such injuries were more likely to engage in violent criminal behavior and had longer prison sentences.
Researchers observed a supermassive black hole's accretion cycle, finding properties similar to stellar-mass black holes. The study suggests that accretion is independent of size, allowing for the capture of short timescale events like tidal disruption events.
A new study by Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health found that Photovoice, an educational intervention, significantly improves STEM-capacity scores and environmental awareness in low-income, urban youth. The results suggest a potential solution to environmental justice issues.
Scientists from Osaka University used machine learning methods to enhance signal-to-noise ratio in nanopore data, enabling higher precision measurements. The 'Noise2Noise' technique improved resolution of noisy runs, revealing faint features hidden by random fluctuations.
A new study found that perceptions of teacher sexual misconduct vary according to the perpetrator's gender, sexuality, and age. Respondents perceived female teachers as less detrimental, students in heterosexual pairings as more mature, and relationships with younger teachers as more acceptable.
The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted graduate nursing students, causing increased stress due to juggling clinical work and studies. A total of 222 graduate nursing students completed a survey, revealing that overall stress increased during the pandemic, with 18.2% of students changing their graduate school plans.
A new £17m facility, iCAST, will bring together industry and academia to tackle climate change, sustainable development, and plastics pollution. The partnership aims to close the translation gap between research and commercial deployment of sustainable technologies.
Researchers conducted a comprehensive health assessment of gopher tortoises, finding that 42.9% had circulating antibodies to Mycoplasma agassizii, indicating an outbreak at one site. The study provides important baseline data on emerging pathogens and highlights the need for further surveillance.
A new study found that academic skills are the least valuable characteristic when assessing an ideal university student. The most important dimensions include diligence and engagement, organisation and discipline, and a positive outlook.
A study found that pink drinks can increase exercise performance by 4.4%, making participants feel more efficient while running. This is attributed to a potential placebo effect, where the drink's color influences perceived sweetness and pleasure.
Researchers at TU Darmstadt created an interactive typeface, AdaptiFont, that adjusts font styles to increase reading speed. The system uses machine learning to generate personalized fonts based on individual users' preferences.
A new study found that more college students change majors within the STEM pipeline than leave the career path altogether. Students often switch to a field they find more attractive, highlighting the importance of understanding their motivations.
Fadie Coleman, assistant professor of medical sciences and education at Boston University School of Medicine, has been awarded the 2021 Metcalf Award for Excellence in Teaching. She is recognized for her innovative strategies to prepare undergraduates from underrepresented backgrounds for success in the biomedical/STEM workforce.
A new low-cost, environmentally friendly sensor has been developed by University of Limerick researchers that can detect damage in pipelines and leaks as small as 2mm. The sensor uses highly sensitive eco-friendly crystals and has the potential to save water and reduce environmental impact.
Research at Washington State University found that petting therapy dogs enhanced executive functioning in stressed-out college students, particularly those at risk of mental health issues. The study, published in AERA Open, demonstrated long-lasting cognitive benefits up to six weeks after program completion.
The World In Motion ensemble, founded by Katja Thomson, uses collaborative composing and arranging to create a space for reciprocal integration among refugees and Finnish musicians. This social innovation addresses the challenges of immigration through musical collaboration.
A new collection of papers emphasizes the importance of protecting free-flowing rivers, which sustain biodiversity and food supply chains for billions. Despite being under-protected, these ecosystems face significant threats from human activities.
Researchers analyzed blood samples from 41 COVID-19 patients to understand which antibodies best combat the virus. The study found that antibody isotypes binding to the S protein were highly specific and correlated with virus neutralizing activity.
A new LifeLab programme, led by the University of Southampton, has been shown to significantly increase young people's understanding of healthy lifestyles. Participants judged their own lifestyles more critically after the programme, suggesting a lasting impact on health literacy.
A study of 3,744 hospitalized adult COVID-19 patients found that 82% developed neurological symptoms, with acute encephalopathy being the most common. Patients with preexisting neurological conditions or symptoms are at a higher risk of developing COVID-19-related complications.
Researchers at Simon Fraser University design an information engine that converts random particle motion into stored energy, extracting power comparable to biological systems. The engine achieves speeds of over ten times that of previous implementations, pushing the capabilities of this type of engine beyond its limits.
A study published in The Lancet found that a minimum nurse-to-patient staffing ratio policy in Queensland, Australia resulted in fewer deaths, readmissions, and hospital days, while reducing costs by $70 million. This improvement in patient outcomes was linked to better quality of care and reduced burnout among nurses.
A study found that watching meaningful films like 'Hotel Rwanda' can make people feel more prepared to deal with life's challenges. These films are associated with positive reactions such as feeling a sense of purpose and being motivated to pursue significant goals. The key elements of these films, including poignancy and emotional ran...
A nationwide survey found a diverse group of college students interested in trying hunting, unlike current active hunters. The study identified key motivators, such as getting ethically sourced meat and ecological conservation, to attract new hunters.
Scientists at the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus discovered that intense light can enhance the expression of the ANGPTL4 gene, which regulates fatty lipids in plasma. This could lead to a new tool for safely blocking the gene and reducing cardiovascular risk.
The study reveals optical response of GaInN/GaN MQWs using terahertz emission spectroscopy, enabling nano-seismology of wide-bandgap quantum devices. The technique allows monitoring of dynamic screening effects and acoustic wave beams in buried structures.
London's low-income households face higher levels of indoor air pollution due to poor housing quality and surrounding environmental factors. Long-term exposure to pollutants like PM2.5, NOx, and CO can lead to health problems such as respiratory issues and cardiovascular complications.
Researchers adapted their laser-induced graphene technique to create fine patterns of graphene in photoresist polymers for use in consumer electronics and other applications. The new process allows for the production of high-resolution, micron-scale lines of conductive graphene, comparable to those achieved by more cumbersome processes.