Articles tagged with Universities
Researchers from Osaka University have developed a sustainable method for synthesizing vicinal diamines, crucial in medications for influenza and colorectal cancer. The process uses molecular iodine as a catalyst, reducing the need for rare and toxic metals.
A recent study published in Annals of Surgery found that antibiotic-only treatment for acute uncomplicated appendicitis resulted in high recurrence rates and inferior quality of life. In contrast, surgical intervention delivered better outcomes, including a significantly improved quality of life score.
A study by Rice University found that increased internet-access spending in Texas public schools led to improved graduation rates, higher numbers of students meeting SAT/ACT criterion, and better performance in math, reading, writing, and social studies. However, it also resulted in higher disciplinary problems at schools.
A new study examined the impact of Seattle's $15 minimum wage on public safety, finding little evidence of a change in violent or property crimes. Despite initial concerns, the study suggests that the higher wage did not compromise public safety, at least in the short run.
A new study will investigate a new way of reducing dental anxiety in children using Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT). The study aims to improve oral health and save NHS costs by providing specially developed CBT resources for children, parents, and dental professionals.
Scientists are opening up photosynthesis to nanoscale investigation using a novel approach that combines hybrid membranes with advanced microscopy techniques. This research aims to reveal the behavior of individual protein molecules and gain a deeper understanding of how proteins interact to convert sunlight into chemical energy.
New research finds that philanthropy by the super-wealthy in the US and UK primarily benefits donors, increasing their influence and power. Despite some generous donations, most wealthy individuals give little relative to their means, perpetuating social inequality.
Researchers at the University of Leeds have discovered a new study identifying genetic mutations that suggest VEXAS syndrome is more prevalent than first thought. The disease affects only men and causes unexplained fevers, painful skin rashes, and reduced blood cell count.
A mindfulness program called Be REAL, which teaches coping techniques to manage stress and emotions, has improved students' psychological well-being. The program, offered in residence halls and classes, showed significant improvements in mindfulness, self-compassion, resilience, and reduced stress among participants.
Researchers develop HeadFi, a plug-in headphone adapter that transforms regular headphones into sensors for user identification, heart rate monitoring and gesture recognition. The invention shows promise in upgrading existing headphones without requiring new hardware or customization.
The UOC is heading an Erasmus+ project to study the academic trajectories of thousands of university students from four European countries. The project, Complex Trajectories, aims to provide universities with effective support to help students achieve their academic goals.
The University of Guam will develop an online open-access database to make CHamoru language and culture learning resources more accessible. The multi-phased project aims to collect, organize, and digitize existing resources, partnering with local and regional organizations.
The University of Ottawa is expanding its Windsor campus to meet the demand for francophone teachers in Ontario. The new campus will double capacity and offer programs for primary/junior and junior/intermediate students, aiming to address the shortage of qualified educators.
Two FAU researchers, Xiangnan Zhong and Zhen Ni, have received NSF CAREER awards to investigate artificial intelligence techniques and develop cooperative learning strategies. The projects aim to improve learning speed, data efficiency, and generalization of optimization performance.
Researchers and peers from around the world, including mothers of color, address workplace inequalities through a proposed five-sphere-of-influence policy roadmap. The manifesto calls for a culture shift to support pregnant and parenting academics, including flexible research involvement, mentorship, and policy change.
Researchers developed a digital self-test to improve students' ability to assess news items, images and videos critically. The tool, part of the News Evaluator project, was tested with over 200 students and showed positive results.
A comprehensive meta-analysis found that digital picture books outperform print counterparts when featuring story-related enhancements, but hinder comprehension when lacking such features. The study highlights the need for high-quality digital books to support all children's learning.
A new study highlights barriers for women and marginalized groups in supramolecular chemistry, including the need for mentoring opportunities and visibility. The study also found that women face obstacles during career breaks and parenting, while men do not.
Parkinson's UK is investing £1.2 million in a project to refine a molecule that could be developed into a drug to protect dopamine-producing brain cells and slow down the progression of Parkinson's. The project aims to develop a treatment that can halt Parkinson's by boosting the function of brain cells' energy-producing mitochondria.
A new mobile app, Glaucoma in Perspective, provides glaucoma education in a simple, visual format to help patients and their families understand the potential impact of the condition on their lives. The app covers topics such as visual field tests, eye pressure management, and treatment options.
Researchers found that legume trees can alter their soils' microbiome to increase access to nutrients and support surrounding tree growth. This process involves accelerating mineral weathering processes, releasing vital nutrients for the trees.
A new study published in Transport Policy predicts the end of deregulated competitive public transport in the UK due to reduced ridership following COVID-19 social distancing measures. The paper argues that this crisis presents an opportunity to create a more inclusive, environmentally considerate, and efficient transportation system.
Researchers at RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences have discovered a new way to halt excessive inflammation by regulating Arginase-2, a protein that limits inflammatory cytokine production. This breakthrough has the potential to protect the body from tissue damage caused by inflammatory diseases.
The WE-TRANSFORM project investigates the effects of automation and digitalization on the transport workforce, generating a sector policy agenda based on artificial intelligence and collective intelligence. A collaborative platform will be created to produce knowledge that can be easily used and shared to support durable innovations.
A study of college students found that decreased physical activity during the pandemic was strongly associated with increased rates of depression. Those who maintained their daily exercise habits were at the lowest risk for depression.
A study published in Nature Communications found that a species' thermal tolerance is linked to its current climate and that cold tolerance has evolved faster than heat tolerance. This suggests that many species will not be able to adapt quickly enough to survive the unprecedented rate of contemporary climate change.
A digital app called Manage My Pain has been shown to reduce key symptoms of chronic pain, including anxiety and pain catastrophizing. The study found that patients who used the app saw clinically significant reductions in these areas, leading to better management of their pain.
A study by University of Limerick researchers identified strategies used by top Fantasy Premier League competitors, revealing a pathway to success involving long-term planning and optimal player selection. Key players like Aaron Wan-Bissaka emerged as crucial enablers for skilled managers.
Researchers found that cigarette smoke affects communication between bacteria, causing a negative effect on the formation of biofilm in lungs. Cigarette filters helped lower toxicity levels, highlighting the need for new filter development to reduce harm.
A new study analyzed reasons for university dropout, finding lack of interest in field of study and academic performance issues as key motivators. The research suggests implementing early warning systems and personalized counseling services to support students at risk.
A team of researchers from NYU Tandon School of Engineering discovered that popular machine-learning frameworks for protecting sensitive data can be subverted, allowing secret information to be extracted. The study highlights the inadequacy of current privacy checks and warns against relying on untrusted third-party tools.
UK universities are taking steps to reduce emissions from business travel and catering, which contribute significantly to their carbon footprint. Research found that few universities have robust targets to support decarbonization, but many are planning to reduce emissions in these areas.
A study by Universitat Oberta de Catalunya found that students with disabilities accept e-authentication systems but express concerns about technical issues. Key factors influencing acceptance include student familiarity with technology, additional effort required, and perceived intrusiveness.
Under a potential new rule, the Biden administration aims to expand healthcare protections for the LGBTQ community. The move seeks to safeguard against verbal abuse, physical abuse, and denials of basic care services. By including gender identity and sexual orientation in existing laws, advocates hope to prevent discriminatory practice...
Scientists captured data over 13 years as the volcano's magma chamber gradually refilled, stressing the surrounding crust and creating earthquakes. The study provides new insights into the Galapagos Islands' most active volcano, Sierra Negra, and its caldera resurgence.
A new review from Chapman University offers actionable strategies for instructors to alleviate student stress and anxiety in the classroom. The approaches include learning and preparing to act, connecting with students, building an empowering classroom culture, reducing testing anxiety, and promoting effective academic skills. By imple...
The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) has launched a new open-access journal, Antimicrobial Stewardship & Healthcare Epidemiology, with Dr. Gonzalo Bearman at the helm. The journal will focus on original research, reviews, and commentaries on infection prevention and antimicrobial stewardship.
Research found that new energy contracts designed for a low-carbon future can benefit all types of customers, but only younger, higher-income individuals with higher education are likely to adopt them. This could widen the gap between those who benefit from the market and those who lose out.
A new theory, MeshCODE, proposes that memories are written in the shape of molecules in synaptic scaffolds, forming a complex binary code. This discovery may lead to a new understanding of brain function and treating brain diseases like Alzheimer's.
Rice University physicists have discovered a way to trap the world's coldest plasma in a magnetic bottle, advancing research into clean energy, space weather, and astrophysics. The ultracold plasma has applications for studying solar wind interactions, fusion power, and understanding plasma behavior in complex locations.
A study found that growth mindsets are positively correlated with math, science, and reading performance globally. However, the effect is weaker in countries with low educational mobility, where environmental factors hinder individual growth.
New research from the University of Kent suggests that childhood exposure to diversity is key to fostering acceptance of other groups, leading to sustainable social cohesion. A model of immigration shows that medium-paced immigration promotes greater community cohesion over time.
Osaka University researchers employed machine learning to design new polymers for photovoltaic devices, virtually screening over 200,000 candidate materials. They found promising properties consistent with predictions, leading to potential breakthroughs in functional material discovery.
Researchers from Shibaura Institute of Technology have developed a non-contact, non-destructive method to measure the firmness of soft fruits like mangoes. They use laser-induced plasma shockwaves and analyze the resulting Rayleigh waves to determine ripeness, providing a reliable way to indirectly assess fruit quality.
A study by University of Portsmouth researchers found that poor leadership and management were the most common reasons for police officers leaving the force. The study also highlighted the importance of balancing individual needs with organisational demand to reduce turnover and improve commitment.
Researchers build first model to track travel patterns of shared e-scooter use, capturing built environment variables more precisely. The study finds that tourism, commercial areas, hotels, and public transit stops are predictive of scooter destinations in Washington D.C.
A new study has identified genetic variations that may contribute to the development of keratoconus, a progressive eye condition causing sight loss. The findings could lead to earlier diagnosis and potentially new therapeutic targets.
Shyla Cooks and Karl Palmquist have been selected as the 2021 AIBS Emerging Public Policy Leadership Award recipients. They demonstrate an interest and aptitude for working at the intersection of science and policy, with a focus on education and environmental issues.
Researchers created a stamp-sized microfluidic chip that measures SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein concentration in blood serum, enabling rapid diagnosis of COVID-19. The device uses programmed magnetic nanobeads and an electrochemical sensor to deliver accurate results within minutes.
A University of Illinois study found that shifting from round to oval plates with smaller surface areas can significantly reduce food waste in dining halls. The researchers observed significant reductions in food selection, consumption, and waste when diners used the oval plates, resulting in nearly 20 grams less food waste per plate.
Researchers created a detailed brain map of C. elegans, uncovering modular structure and variation in neural circuits that complement core circuitry found across animals. The study's findings suggest the worm's brain processes information through layers, with convergence of different neural circuits enabling integration and coordination.
A study of private insurance claims data found nearly half of women with uncomplicated urinary tract infections received the wrong antibiotics and three-quarters received prescriptions for longer than necessary. Rural areas tend to have inappropriately long treatment durations, which can lead to adverse events and antibiotic resistance.
Among Ecuador's Shuar people, market integration is linked to higher levels of disgust sensitivity and lower infection rates. Disgust helps regulate exposure to pathogens and varies across households and communities.
Astronomers have detected streams of cold gas flowing through the dark matter halo of an early massive galaxy, supplying materials for star formation. The discovery provides direct evidence for cosmic filaments ferrying cold gas to galaxies during the early universe.
A team of researchers, including Graduate Center professor Stephen Chester, analyzed fossils of Purgatorius, the oldest genus in a group of early-known primates. The discovery provides insight into how life on land recovered after the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event that wiped out dinosaurs.
A systematic review of published papers on microplastics in table salt found significant variability in reported data due to differences in measurement and identification methods. The study highlights the need for standardized protocols to ensure reliable health-relevant results and accurately quantify human exposure to microplastics.
Researchers at Kyoto University found that chimpanzees become more cohesive and engage in affiliative behaviors when threatened by out-groups, similar to humans. This suggests that intergroup competition may have led to the evolution of cooperation and tolerant relations in large groups.
A multiyear study by Florida Atlantic University found striking differences in travel patterns between the Atlantic and Gulf coasts of Florida. The majority of Gulf coast whitespotted eagle rays exhibited migratory behaviors, while most Atlantic coast rays remained residents within the Indian River Lagoon.
A team of scientists from Ritsumeikan University discovered that Cu-doped zinc sulfide nanocrystals exhibit fast-switching photochromic properties when irradiated by light. The material changes color reversibly in a matter of microseconds, making it suitable for applications such as smart glasses and windows.
A new study from Rice University finds that governments with strong female representation are more likely to deliver on campaign promises. The research also suggests that women in leadership roles are even more effective at keeping these promises.