Articles tagged with Universities
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new analysis shows that habitats of three shark species are relatively well protected from longline fishing, but some prime locations remain vulnerable. The study's findings have important implications for protecting at-risk species from bycatch in U.S. federal waters.
Chris Carr, an Ohio undergraduate, discovered a new galaxy 37 million lightyears away using deep sky images from the Burrell Schmidt telescope. The detection is part of the Leo I galaxy group and is considered the lowest surface brightness object ever detected via integrated light.
A new study reveals that two-thirds of alcohol industry revenue in England comes from consumers drinking at risky levels. If all drinkers complied with the Chief Medical Officer's recommended guideline levels, alcohol sales would decline by £13 billion.
Researchers have successfully observed a Lyman-alpha transition in antihydrogen, a key milestone towards cooling and manipulating antimatter. The achievement uses laser pulses to manipulate the antihydrogen atoms and could lead to precision spectroscopy and gravity measurements.
A Baylor study reveals that religiosity drives donors to give, but materialism decreases charitable giving. Researchers suggest fundraisers can use this knowledge to boost giving.
A study by Binghamton University researchers found that CEOs paid less than their peers are four times more likely to announce layoff announcements. The findings suggest that CEO pay can be a strategic tool for making decisions such as layoffs.
A new study reveals that carers for people with cancer are between 5 and 7 times more likely to experience clinically significant psychological morbidity compared to the general population. The study also found lower general health scores among carers, particularly at younger ages.
Researchers from Ben-Gurion University of the Negev present marine magnetic data that shows motion between East and West Antarctica continued for another 15 million years than previously thought. This discovery has significant implications for understanding tectono-volcanic activity in the Pacific Ocean.
A new study by the University of Leeds found that forests emit volatile gases, forming particles in the atmosphere that increase diffuse light. This enhanced diffuse sunlight boosts photosynthesis by up to 10% globally, mirroring 10% of global fossil fuel emissions.
A new study suggests that teen friendships are strengthened by similarities in anxiety and depression levels, with dissimilar teens more likely to drift apart. The research found no evidence that individual internalizing symptoms predict friendship dissolution, even at extreme or clinical levels.
Graduate student Geoffrey Andrews from Purdue University has won the 2018 AIAA Foundation Abe M. Zarem Award for Distinguished Achievement in Aeronautics. He received the award for his paper on hybrid length scale similarity solution for swirling turbulent jets, which explores a crucial aspect of hypersonic aerodynamics.
A new study from the University of Sheffield found that areas with a high density of alcohol outlets have higher drink-related hospital admission rates. The places in England with the most pubs, bars, and nightclubs had a 13% higher admission rate for acute conditions caused by alcohol.
Ken M. Mitchell, a mechanical engineering graduate student at the University of Memphis, has won the 2018 AIAA Foundation Abe M. Zarem Award for his research paper on thermal conductivity and specific heat measurements. The award recognizes his outstanding scholarship in astronautics and aeronautics.
A study by the University of Kent demonstrates that ancient humans were able to produce advanced stone tools, such as spear points, only after evolving stronger grips. The research uses sensors attached to skilled flint knappers' hands to identify platform preparation behaviors, which required forceful precision grips.
A new study by Virginia Tech and Georgia Southern University found that giving primary school students 10 extra minutes in the cafeteria boosts their likelihood of eating a nutritious breakfast. The study also revealed that serving breakfasts inside classrooms increases consumption rates even more, getting close to 100%.
A new study from the University of Notre Dame found that historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs) pay higher fees to issue tax-exempt bonds than non-HBCUs. The evidence points to racial discrimination as the cause, with HBCUs in Deep South states facing the most significant disparities.
A new interactive design tool, CoreCavity, allows users to create durable injection molds for hollow, free-form objects. The software analyzes an object's 3D-scan and proposes a decomposition into pieces, which can be adjusted by the user, producing mold templates that can be 3D-printed.
The Advanced Science Research Center at GC/CUNY Photonics Initiative has received a $3.2 million DARPA grant to support basic nanophotonics research. The team will develop concepts for modeling, analyzing, designing, and realizing leapfrog enhancements to electromagnetic-wave manipulation through the use of metamaterials.
A study by Anna-Lisa Vollmer and colleagues found that children give into social pressure from humanoid robots, unlike adults. The research used a conformity experiment with Nao robots and investigated the impact on children's decision-making.
A study by Arizona State University found that 99% of science students appreciate instructor humor, which improves the classroom experience, reduces stress, and enhances relationships. However, men and women have different preferences for what is considered funny or offensive.
Researchers found a synthetic chemical, KHS101, which disrupts the mitochondria and metabolism of glioblastoma cells, leading to their self-destruction. The study showed promising results in mice, with a 50% decrease in tumour growth and an increase in survival.
A team of researchers discovered a solidified whitish mass in an Egyptian tomb, which was later identified as the world's oldest cheese, made from cow milk and sheep or goat milk. The cheese contained peptides that suggest it was contaminated with Brucella melitensis, a deadly disease.
Researchers report cross-disciplinary work as key factor in HGP's success, leading to more successful careers and impactful publications. The consortium model, which incorporated collaboration between biologists, computer scientists, and other disciplines, changed science's cultural norms.
Researchers found that cortisol enables AML cells to evade the immune system by inducing latrophilin 1 expression. This allows cancer cells to suppress anti-cancer immune mechanisms, leading to disease progression.
A study at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health found that Medicaid expansion states have seen a decline in uninsured rates among low-income adults with substance use disorders, from 34% to 20%, compared to non-expansion states. However, the proportion of those receiving treatment remained unchanged.
A study published in the Journal of Pediatrics found that grip strength in children is a strong predictor of their future health, including risk of developing diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Researchers suggest that improving muscular strength during adolescence could help prevent these outcomes.
The National Science Foundation has awarded $45 million to 31 projects under the Hispanic-Serving Institutions Program, aiming to increase retention and graduation rates for STEM students at these institutions. The program invests in building capacity and increasing STEM education and research capacity at HSIs.
A recent study found that benzodiazepine use is associated with a modestly increased risk of Alzheimer's disease. The research, conducted in the nationwide MEDALZ cohort, suggests that the threshold for prescribing these medications should be high due to their adverse effects and potential risks.
Scientists have discovered a repeatable pattern in how space weather activity changes with the solar cycle, enabling better understanding and planning for space weather. The breakthrough allows for more accurate forecasting of potential threats to Earth from solar flares and extreme space weather.
A new study by Virginia Tech finds that employees who expect to be available for work emails during non-work hours experience anxiety, affecting their health and family relationships. The 'flexible work boundaries' concept often turns into 'work without boundaries', leading to strain on both employees and their loved ones.
The project aims to improve patient safety by increasing the specificity of warnings about dangerous drug combinations and identifying shared experiences to refine algorithms. It will be implemented in over 50 health-care facilities across the US.
Kenneth Tyler's review article in the New England Journal of Medicine highlights the need for improved diagnosis and treatment of acute viral encephalitis. The condition, which affects about seven patients per 100,000 population annually, imposes a heavy economic burden on healthcare systems.
The National Institute of Standards and Technology has awarded Binghamton University a five-year $30 million grant to develop standards for regenerative medicine and biomaterial manufacturing. The grant will enable students, postdoctoral fellows, and faculty to collaborate with NIST and other universities to advance the field.
Ben-Gurion University researchers warn of potential cyberattacks on urban water services using smart irrigation systems. A botnet of compromised devices can turn off watering systems at will, posing a risk to critical infrastructure.
The myfood24 online diet monitoring tool has been shown to be as effective as traditional methods in providing detailed nutrient data. The study compared its performance with a gold standard measure, finding it to be comparable across various measures.
A University of Manchester PhD student has developed a flexible heat shield that utilizes centrifugal forces to stiffen lightweight materials, reducing the need for heavy machinery and enabling low-cost scientific research and recovery of rocket parts. The prototype's design uses aerodynamic drag to slow down during atmospheric entry, ...
A new study by researchers at the University at Buffalo School of Management found that men are still more likely than women to emerge as leaders, despite a narrowing of the gender gap in recent decades. The study attributed this persistence to societal pressures and unconscious biases against communal traits.
A new study by CU researchers has identified histone deacetylase 11 (HDAC11) as a potential therapeutic target for treating obesity and diabetes. Deleting HDAC11 in mice stimulates the formation of brown adipose tissue, leading to increased energy expenditure and a reduction in white adipose tissue.
A new study suggests that historic fires may have had a significant cooling effect on the planet, contrary to previously believed levels of aerosol pollution. The research, led by the University of Leeds, found that fire activity may have been as common before 1750 as in modern times.
Researchers found that genes driving biological processes in worms can also lead to age-related diseases in humans. The study reveals how autophagy, a process used for energy extraction, causes severe deterioration of the intestine and promotes tumour growth when overactive.
The EPSRC has launched eleven projects across the UK to address equality, diversity and inclusion in engineering and the physical sciences. The £5.5 million initiative aims to inform and shape significant cultural change across institutions.
The Penn Biomedical Graduate Studies program will award six students with a $2 million fellowship, supporting their work on high-risk projects in biomedical research. The Blavatnik Family Fellowship aims to cultivate outstanding young minds and accelerate critical research.
Researchers at UCLA have demonstrated a promising approach to treating chronic pain by using biomechanical forces to control cell proteins. The study shows that magnetically induced mechanical forces can reduce pain signals in neurons by increasing calcium ions and adapting the cells' response over time.
A new study found that rates of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) among Irish patients have more than doubled in the past decade. The study highlights the importance of targeting 'minor' AKI events to prevent severe forms and reduce risk of kidney failure.
Jorge Henao-Mejia will receive $500,000 to study the role of gut microbiota in obesity and type 2 diabetes. His research could lead to new treatments for these serious medical conditions.
A new study published in the Californian Journal of Health Promotion explores how heavy drinking impacts dietary choices. Researchers found that participants were more likely to opt for salty snack foods and pizza before bed, and less likely to eat healthy foods like dark green vegetables. The study suggests that promoting healthy eati...
A study by the University of Kent found that large riparian reserves tend to support more bird species than nearby forests. The researchers discovered that a single river site can host around a third of all bird species found in adjacent forests, with wider protected areas supporting even more species.
Research finds that restricting student and high-skilled visas has little impact on overall migration, while limiting family and low-skilled visas reduces migration but diverts aspiring migrants to unauthorized channels. Enforcement of unauthorized migration is also inefficient.
A clinical trial using stem cell transplants aims to grow a new immune system for people with untreated Crohn's disease. This innovative approach may help reduce gut inflammation and improve quality of life for patients suffering from the condition.
Rice University researchers discovered that graphene reinforced with carbon nanotubes 'rebar' can withstand twice the stress of pristine graphene, making it more suitable for flexible electronics. The study demonstrated how rebar helps bridge cracks in graphene under strain.
A new framework developed by Penn researchers measures and addresses the key factors contributing to inclusive learning and work environments in healthcare. The study identifies six factors: presence of discrimination, effective leadership and mentors, hierarchy, recognition, civility, and support for work-life balance.
Research by Professor Rachel Brooks at the University of Surrey found that English and Irish higher education students differ in their political activity, with English students feeling less empowered and pessimistic about being listened to. The study suggests that marketisation in the English HE system has affected students' political ...
A new study found that some corals can adapt to climate change, with the mountainous star coral surviving elevated temperatures and recovering quickly. In contrast, staghorn coral was highly sensitive to heat stress, experiencing 100% mortality after just 25 days.
A new study from the University of Illinois reveals that racial diversity in student leadership programs leads to a measurable increase in lasting leadership capacity. White students showed significant gains in leadership motivation, while non-white students benefited across all metrics.
A new study by Rice University researchers found that Muslim and Protestant scientists are more likely to experience religious discrimination in the US. Researchers also discovered that religious identity can fuel perceptions of discrimination among certain groups, particularly biologists.
Assistant Professor Madhab Neupane has discovered a new material with multiple quantum properties, which could become the foundation for quantum computers and long-lasting memory devices. The discovery is expected to increase computing power and reduce energy consumption for electronics.
A team of engineers, marine biologists, and roboticists developed soft gripper devices that allow scientists to gently collect delicate organisms from the deep sea. The devices were able to collect sea slugs, corals, sponges, and other marine life with less damage than traditional tools.
The Eat, Love, Move (ELM) program will be expanded to six cities across the US after a successful two-year pilot project at Rush University Medical Center. The six-year, $9 million grant aims to determine whether lifestyle changes can reverse metabolic syndrome and improve quality of life.
A Lancaster University team has created a Minecraft platform that adapts classic novels like Treasure Island into interactive games. The project uses scale models of literary islands and linked educational resources to engage children and adults in 'classics' they might not otherwise read.
A Baylor University study finds that many young adults with severe mental illness consider religion and spirituality relevant to their mental health. Researchers discovered unique ways in which this sample made sense of their difficult life situations through their religious/spiritual perspective.