Articles tagged with Animal Research
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers found that wild-caught mountain chickadees differ from previous species tested by consistently ignoring angular features of their environment and following landmarks. This discovery suggests that animals may be predisposed to navigate by geometry, contradicting prior research.
The study identified key factors contributing to large mammal extinction, including biological disadvantages and human impact. Smaller mammals are more vulnerable due to limited distribution sizes and exposure to humans, while larger animals face additional challenges such as long gestation periods and late weaning ages.
Researchers found that including choline in baby formula during pregnancy can prevent symptoms of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, a condition causing learning disabilities and mental retardation. The study also suggests that monitoring infants' urine flow and vasopressin content could serve as future tests for the condition.
The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine will release animal disease reports on July 18 at a news conference. The reports, embargoed until 1:30 p.m. CDT, will be available to reporters through the AVMA and National Academies
Researchers have identified 34 mutations resulting in embryonic lethality, attributing it to defects in cellular proliferation, gastrulation, and other developmental processes. The study predicts that between 13.7% and 19% of all mouse genes are necessary for embryonic viability.
Researchers identified a key protein, coracle (4.1), that links receptors to cytoskeleton in nerve cells, enabling efficient neurotransmission. This discovery could help understand neurological diseases and develop drugs to manipulate problematic proteins.
A new study reveals that predatory dinosaurs, such as T. rex, had a more complex air sac system similar to that in modern birds. The findings suggest that these ancient beasts may have been warm-blooded creatures, with a pulmonary machinery for enhanced gas exchange.
Dr. Irene Pepperberg's research shows an African grey parrot, Alex, understands the absence of a numerical quantity by using the label 'none', challenging current understanding of avian cognition. This discovery also holds potential for teaching autistic and learning-disabled children
Newborn rats' brains show decreased NMDA receptor activity in olfactory-deprived side, leading to increased neuronal activation and saliency of early odors. This critical period affects olfactory development and learning.
Animal research suggests a potential new treatment target for epilepsy by blocking a specific brain pathway involved in seizure spread. The treatment could be more effective and have fewer side effects than current therapies.
The Targacept compounds demonstrate a long-lasting effect on cognition by normalizing acetylcholine levels, a key neurotransmitter for cognitive processing. This mechanism of action suggests potential treatment for CNS disorders such as dementia, depression, and pain.
Researchers found that Eastern Bluebirds were 31% more likely to be found in connected patches, while seeds from wax myrtle plants were 37% more likely to be found in traps. The study showed a 'tight fit' between predictions and actual seed movement.
Researchers found that newborn dolphins and orcas remain active 24 hours a day in the first month, unlike all other mammals. This allows them to reduce danger from predators, maintain body temperature, and facilitate rapid growth.
Researchers at Virginia Tech will use 'in situ click chemistry' to design a novel, species-specific insecticide for Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes, reducing toxicity and ensuring safety for humans and animals. The project aims to provide an effective solution for malaria control in communities worldwide.
Researchers found that chickadees produce two distinct alarm signals, warning of predator size and threat level. The birds assess risk based on body size, with larger raptors posing greater danger.
Researchers have found evidence of a venom delivery apparatus in an extinct mammal, Bisonalveus browni, dating back 60 million years. The discovery suggests that mammals have evolved more flexible venom systems than previously thought.
A new study by Cardiff University reveals that European food labels can be based on competing definitions of animal welfare, often reflecting different welfare standards. Welfare-friendly labels can be divided into three groups: explicit welfare content, implicit welfare component, and ambiguous welfare component.
Scientists at the Salk Institute have discovered that a specific conformation of the prion protein is the infectious entity behind deadly prion diseases. By altering this shape, researchers may find a strategy to control these untreatable brain-wasting diseases.
A study found that parthenogenetic Bynoe's geckos, a hybrid species, can reproduce without sex and outperform their sexual counterparts in endurance tests. The geckos' 'clonal' way of reproducing allows them to be genetically identical to their mother, and research suggests they are super tough and robust.
A new project provides a comprehensive map of the rat spinal cord, allowing for seamless navigation between rat and human cords to test hypotheses and relate data. The study will also create a 3D stereotaxic space for experimental and clinical observations.
Researchers at Duke University found that monkeys prefer to look at video images matching the number of sounds they heard, suggesting an innate ability to represent numbers across senses. This discovery resolves a longstanding debate on whether animals possess numerical abilities tied to specific senses.
A new study by the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine found that animal tests for birth defects are often inaccurate, with potential teratogens causing effects in animals but not humans. In vitro testing, such as embryonic stem cell tests, is considered a more effective alternative.
Researchers found a unique brain cluster called Cluster N that is active at night but dormant during the day, indicating a specialized night-vision system. This adaptation enables birds to navigate and fly during their nocturnal migrations.
Researchers found that birds, including domestic chicks and pigeons, show a leftward bias in pecking at grains, similar to human spatial hemineglect. This finding suggests that brain organization underlying attention asymmetries may offer benefits in spatial learning and tasks.
The Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare has cleared Ohio State's spinal cord injury training program for its humane care and use of animals in research. The university had searched for alternatives to using animals in the project, but no problems were found with animal treatment.
Researchers at Arizona State University have discovered a gene that allows pox viruses to camouflage themselves from the immune system. A new post-exposure vaccine aims to eliminate this gene, making the virus more visible to the immune system and improving disease resistance.
Researchers analyzed voting patterns and committee memberships to find the most partisan committees, including the Select Committee on Homeland Security. They also developed a mathematical tool to identify Representatives' partisanship and cooperativity. Additionally, they created insulin-producing cells from human liver cells that can...
Researchers have discovered two new retroviruses, HTLV-3 and HTLV-4, transmitted from animals to humans through contact with primate blood and body fluids. The study highlights the importance of surveillance among bushmeat hunters and the need for further research into disease outcomes and potential human-to-human transmission.
Researchers at Ohio State University discovered that mice brains shrink during winter, impairing spatial memory, while nonspatial learning and memory remain unaffected. The study suggests a possible link between melatonin levels and seasonal changes in brain size and function.
Researchers studied flying snakes' flight patterns and found that body length and wave amplitude are key predictors of flight behavior. Paradise tree snakes can travel further horizontally than vertically, making them true gliders.
Researchers discovered that monkeys can control a robot arm using only their brain signals, adapting neural structures and expanding capability. The study reveals the remarkable flexibility of the primate brain in incorporating artificial tools into its function.
Research by Mark Hebblewhite links positive NPO values with elk population declines due to severe weather and wolf predation. The Atlantic Ocean climate is driving ecosystem changes, including declines of up to 50% in the Canadian Rockies.
Researchers at JLab and College of W&M studied radiation blockers to enhance nuclear imaging accuracy. They found that higher doses of potassium iodide blocked radioactive iodine uptake better in mice. The study uses a unique medical imaging system and precise detectors, providing insights into the body's metabolism and thyroid function.
Researchers found that green and black tea significantly inhibited cataract formation in diabetic rats. Both teas also decreased glucose levels, which can contribute to diabetic complications such as cataracts.
The experimental DNA vaccine is composed of a small piece of DNA that contains genes coding for two key surface proteins of the West Nile virus. In the study, 15 healthy volunteers will receive three injections of the vaccine into the upper arm to monitor their immune response.
Archaeologists have discovered ancient sheep dung in the Negev Desert, revealing the earliest evidence of domestic herding in the region. The dung dates back an estimated 7,000 years and has preserved valuable information about the lives of early pastoral nomads.
A study by UCSD researchers suggests that BMP-15 plays a crucial role in determining ovulation quota and litter size in mammals. The team found that BMP-15 is produced normally in humans but degraded in mice, leading to increased egg production and ovulation.
A genetic mutation in a previously unknown circadian rhythm gene causes Familial Advanced Sleep Phase Syndrome (FASPS), shifting people's sleep times and daily schedules. Affected individuals live normal lives, but some struggle with being out of sync with the world.
Oaxacan migrants prioritize family and community over individual gain, using remittances to fulfill obligations and maintain social status. Most migrants return home for no more than a year to support households, construct homes, and pay for education.
Researchers develop injectable treatment that blocks release of histamine, a key chemical causing allergy symptoms. The treatment, GFD, successfully prevents immune cells from reacting to cat allergen in both passively and actively allergic mice.
Researchers at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) have developed an animal-free culture medium that can maintain human embryonic stem cells in a continuous undifferentiated state. The study's findings provide a new way to generate human stem cell lines without contamination by animal cells or products.
A Stanford study reveals that a single genetic mutation, Eda, is responsible for the evolutionary adaptation of freshwater fish losing their body armor, allowing them to thrive in lighter environments. This discovery provides insights into how animals adapt to new conditions and challenges previous assumptions about evolution.
Purdue University researchers discovered that some plants can revert to normal traits carried by their grandparents, bypassing genetic abnormalities carried by both parents. This challenges accepted scientific beliefs and may prompt textbook revisions.
Researchers discovered that vampire bats can run, unlike most bat species, and power their gait with their forelimbs. This unique ability may have evolved independently to aid in feeding behavior, allowing them to avoid predators and catch prey while sleeping.
Researchers have discovered that a compound called HPMC, commonly used as an additive in foods and drugs, may help prevent diabetes in people who frequently consume high-fat fast foods. The compound works by regulating metabolic genes and slowing down the absorption of fats, potentially reducing the risk of developing insulin resistance.
A comprehensive plan has been developed by Virginia Tech to minimize losses from Soybean Rust, a disease that severely affected Brazilian soybeans. The plan includes educational programs and a monitoring system to identify the disease, as well as guidelines for scouting and treating infected fields.
Research reveals that two brain systems, amygdala and right prefrontal cortex, play a crucial role in determining an individual's behavior and emotional expression when seeking help. The study found that animals with more secure relationships had increased activity in the right prefrontal cortex and decreased amygdala activity, while t...
New Jersey Institute of Technology's start-up company Supertron has developed a cryogenic coil to improve Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scanners for small animal imaging. This new coil will enhance installed MRIs, enabling them to produce cleaner and clearer images at an affordable price.
Research from University of Bristol provides strongest evidence that disruptive patterns protect insects from birds, a predator that shaped evolution of protective coloration. By varying colors, size, and location of patterns on artificial moths, the team identified effective combinations that mimicked tree characteristics.
Researchers found a significant decline in female water voles at a Norfolk site, with radio-collars potentially linked to the change. The study suggests that local resource competition may drive sex-ratio shifts in stressed females.
Researchers at University of California - San Diego have made a significant breakthrough in treating inflammatory bowel disease by discovering the molecular mechanism behind IFN-α/β therapy. The study reveals that activated IFN-α/β plays a protective role in colonic inflammation and maintains intestinal homeostasis.
Researchers have discovered clear personality traits in dogs, hyenas, and monkeys, which can be measured like human personalities. These findings have implications for animal welfare, matching animals with owners, and exploring the biological causes of temperament.
Scientists have discovered how climate change causes simultaneous increases or decreases in abundance of multiple species within a large geographical area. A study found that severe weather conditions directly affect the transmission of parasites, which drives populations into synchrony.
Researchers discovered that inserting human UCP2 into fly nerve cells extended lifespan by 28% in females and 11% in males. The increased mitochondrial uncoupling led to reduced ROS production and oxidative damage, without affecting reproductive or physical activity levels.
A cardiologist will testify at an FDA hearing on the implications of animal tests in approving COX-2 inhibitors like Vioxx. The report reveals that these drugs had a heart-protective effect in mice and other animals, contrary to their human performance.
Research reveals that Ebola viruses can spread from wild animals to humans through handling or consuming animal carcasses. This finding emphasizes the need for improved awareness and monitoring of wildlife in Central Africa to prevent future outbreaks.
Research found that adolescent brain function is vulnerable to disruption from binge drinking, resulting in permanent damage. Heavy drinking during adolescence can impair problem-solving skills, working memory, and emotional reactivity, increasing the risk of mental disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar spectrum disorders.
Researchers found that older male nonhuman primates' spatial memory declines at a greater rate than females, suggesting sex differences in age-related cognitive decline. The study aims to investigate factors contributing to these differences and potentially inform the development of sex-specific therapies.
The Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine (PCRM) has developed the world's first cruelty-free insulin assay, a significant improvement over existing methods that rely on animal testing. The new test kit uses synthetic replacement for fetal calf serum and is now commercially available.
A team of researchers led by Brian Hare found that domesticated foxes are skilled at reading human social cues, similar to dogs. The study suggests a correlation between genetically selected 'tame' behavior, such as fearlessness, and increased social intelligence.