Articles tagged with Animal Research
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers found that large groups can make accurate decisions even when no individuals are leaders and few have information. The study's results may be useful in understanding human behavior in crowds and designing robots for remote exploration.
The star-nosed mole's exceptional foraging ability is attributed to its star-shaped appendages that ring its nose, allowing it to detect small prey quickly. By minimizing handling time, the mole achieves a net energy 'profit' with a diet of insect larvae and other small food sources.
Researchers propose a new naming system for bird neurosystems, revealing similarities to mammalian brains. The revised nomenclature reflects recent discoveries in neural processing and behavior, highlighting the cognitive abilities of birds comparable to those of mammals.
A new study found that the transcription factor c-Myb regulates hematopoiesis at multiple points, controlling HSC self-renewal and proliferation. This breakthrough has significant implications for developing compounds to regulate stem cell fate decisions, a potential game-changer for stem cell therapy.
Researchers uncover key mechanisms behind puberty, revealing that a specific gene and protein interact to trigger hormone secretion. The study provides new insights into human development and may help prevent precocious or delayed puberty.
A research team has published a paper in Science magazine that uses molecular biology to illuminate the evolutionary history of bats. The study reveals that large fruit-eating bats (megabats) emerged from four major lineages of smaller, night-flying bats (microbats), with the latter originating around 52-50 million years ago.
Researchers at Purdue University found that parts of the human brain think about prepositions in different ways when it comes to time and location. The study used language tests with stroke patients and found that words like 'on' and 'in' are processed independently, regardless of their spatial meaning.
Researchers at Purdue University discover a plant protein called osmotin that mimics the behavior of the hormone adiponectin in mammal muscle cells. The study suggests that osmotin could play a role in preventing diseases like diabetes, as it activates the same receptors as adiponectin.
Researchers found that human embryonic stem cells contain a non-human sialic acid called Neu5Gc, which is incorporated from animal-derived culture materials. The discovery poses a safety concern for the potential therapeutic use of these cells in humans.
Researchers use genetic analysis to trace a genetic gradient across distance, challenging the theory of speciation by distance. The findings have broad implications for conservation approaches, highlighting the importance of preserving gradients of forms rather than well-defined groups.
A new study reveals that liver disease can impair learning ability by disrupting the glutamate-nitric oxide-cGMP pathway in the brain. Sildenafil treatment restored learning ability in rats with portacaval shunts and those with hyperammonemia, suggesting a potential therapeutic approach for patients with hepatic encephalopathy.
A new gene vaccine has shown high efficacy in protecting mice against Her2/neu breast cancer, using a viral-vectored approach to stimulate a long-lasting immune response. The vaccine protected 86% of experimental mice from developing the disease.
Scientists have identified key genes and gene regulation mechanisms in malaria parasites, which could lead to the development of new vaccines. The study's findings may help researchers understand when different genes switch on and off as the parasite metamorphoses through its complex life cycle.
Female insects can be deceived into accepting non-nutritious gifts, enabling cheating males to infiltrate genuine gift-giving male populations. This phenomenon suggests that males' sensory exploitation of female preferences may drive the evolution of worthless gift-giving behaviors.
By studying how monkeys track a visual target, researchers have gained new insights into the brain's strategies for measuring time. The findings indicate that the brain measures time by assessing the duration of a process and computing the distance an object has moved.
A new study reviews 80 published studies, finding that routine animal handling, blood collection, and force-feeding can cause significant stress responses. This stress can lead to impaired immune function and elevated levels of stress hormones.
Research finds American pikas' local extinction at 36% of US sites studied due to climate change. Pikas' inability to thermoregulate in extreme temperatures makes them susceptible to habitat loss and extinction.
A new laser scalpel allows for precise cutting of nerves in worms, enabling researchers to study the basic mechanisms of nerve regeneration. The technique involves making mutations in genes believed to be involved in nerve regeneration and observing the effects on regeneration following laser severing of the nerves.
Researchers have discovered cellular changes in animal retinas that occur in human retinal detachments, implying experimental therapies could be effective. Oxygen therapy has been shown to reduce cellular damage and improve outcomes in animals, and further studies suggest it may also benefit humans.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center propose a new theory explaining the rapid evolution of species and their physical variations. They found that tandem repeat sequences in genetic code can lead to significant morphological changes, driving evolutionary changes and variability in appearance among individual members of a species.
Researchers developed a broad-based vaccination for Lyme disease by targeting white-footed mice, which play a key role in spreading the disease. The study found that vaccinating these mice reduced nymphal infection prevalence by 16% and had potential implications for preventing other vector-borne diseases.
The NIH is providing $32.8 million to enhance its Biomedical Informatics Research Network (BIRN), a consortium of universities and research groups focused on utilizing information technology innovations to advance biomedical science. BIRN aims to create an environment encouraging collaborative research, facilitating sharing, analysis, ...
Researchers developed a method to reconstruct ancestral genome sequences by comparing them with modern species' genomes, revealing new insights into mammalian evolution and biology. The technique achieved an accuracy of over 98% in reconstructing the ancestral sequence.
ALS researchers found that continuous administration of VEGF protein into the cerebrospinal fluid increases life expectancy in ALS rats. The treatment has shown promising results with a patient-oriented approach, allowing controlled doses to be easily administered.
Researchers investigated cultivation, conservation, and restoration activities in UK urban areas, highlighting ecological diversity and social connections between people and nature. The study calls for a redistribution of expertise to tap local skills and knowledge in green space management.
Researchers found that AMPA receptors play a crucial role in regulating nerve cell responses to pain stimulation during inflammatory conditions. The study showed that mice with increased or decreased permeability of AMPA channels exhibited distinct pain responses to heat and mechanical pressure on inflamed paws.
UBC researchers found a direct link between fish supply and the demand for bushmeat in Ghanaian villages, with bushmeat contributing to a 76% decline in mammal biomass since 1970. The study suggests that EU fishing fleets may be to blame for reduced fish stocks.
Researchers used mathematical and computer models to analyze horse movement and structure, discovering that horses with stiff legs are more prone to injury. The study found that fast horses can bring their legs forward quickly in preparation for the next stride, but this is more difficult for large and long-legged horses.
A study found that the Pall Leukotrap Affinity Prion Reduction Filter reduces infectious vCJD prions in red blood cell concentrates below detection limits. The filter also reduced scrapie prions, a similar TSE, from blood, with no clinical symptoms reported in animals treated with filtered blood.
Researchers found that the combination of nicotine and acetaldehyde significantly enhances addictiveness in adolescent rats, while adult rats show no significant increase. The study suggests studying interactions between nicotine and other tobacco smoke components could improve smoking cessation efforts.
Yerkes researchers are presenting a variety of new data at the Society for Neuroscience Meeting, demonstrating advances in understanding brain function and behavior. Key findings include insights into how evolution has shaped human cellular systems, stress response mechanisms, and the role of vasopressin in social recognition.
Researchers are exploring the use of genetically endowed worms to replace rodent studies in toxicology testing, potentially saving millions of dollars. The C. elegans worm has a unique biology that makes it an ideal model for testing chemicals, with its short lifespan and transparent body allowing for direct monitoring of internal organs.
Researchers discover nitric oxide synthase is crucial for Drosophila development, leading to the death of flies lacking the gene. The study uses genetic analysis and mutations to provide conclusive evidence that NOS function is essential for an organism's development.
Recent animal studies suggest that high-fat diets can impair memory and cognitive function, increasing the risk of age-related cognitive impairment. Diets rich in saturated fats and sugar may worsen cognitive losses due to stress and sleep apnea.
A study published in Neuroscience found that calorie restriction had mixed effects on the brains of mice, improving grip strength, coordination, and flexibility, but having no effect on cognitive performance. The researchers suggest that free radical damage may contribute to age-related cognitive impairments, which could be prevented o...
Researchers found that a combination of two novel agents - SCH66336 and IGFBP-3 - significantly reduced lung tumor size in mice implanted with human lung tumors. The treatment blocked multiple pathways important to cancer cell survival, showing tremendous potential for treating lung cancer patients.
A new study on smallpox in monkeys reveals how the virus subverts host defenses, providing targets for developing countermeasures to lessen or block disease. This knowledge can speed up development of protective measures against bioterror attacks.
A new hydrogel adhesive has shown promise in replacing sutures used for cataract surgery, demonstrating ease of use and reduced risk of complications. The transparent gel, similar to liquid bandages, could also be used to repair eye wounds associated with LASIK surgery and other conditions.
The four-year project aims to produce new techniques for analyzing spatio-temporal data, making it accessible to researchers, conservation biologists, educators, and citizens. The grant will integrate machine learning and modeling techniques with existing ornithology projects, increasing the power and scope of data tools.
A new study demonstrates that GVG significantly blocks toluene-seeking behavior in rats, suggesting potential hope for treating inhalant abuse. The findings extend the value of GVG as a treatment for addiction and show promise in treating this growing problem among adolescents.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis found that genetically distinct populations of brown lizards (Anolis sagrei) introduced to five countries can be traced back to Florida. The study, which analyzed DNA from over 600 individuals, suggests that the Sunshine State is a key site for species migration.
Researchers from University of California, Berkeley, and other institutions will study the mechanical and neurological basis of locomotion using RHex, a short six-legged robot. The team aims to uncover the neural and muscular control and feedback loops that lead to similar patterns of movement in animals
A recent study has found that the extinction of a host species can lead to the loss of up to 200 associated species, highlighting the need for urgent conservation efforts. The researchers calculated the expected levels of co-extinction across diverse systems and identified 6300 species at risk of being classified as co-endangered.
Researchers at Boston University found that rats use recollection to recognize items they've recently experienced. The hippocampus plays a critical role in this process, similar to its function in humans. By studying rat brain activity, the team discovered evidence of both familiarity and recollection in rodents.
A Stanford University study has found a direct correlation between climate change and population size in two rodent species, with voles showing increased genetic diversity despite reduced populations. The research suggests that as populations decline, genetic diversity can be maintained through gene flow from other colonies.
Researchers found that Monk parakeets change their vocal-tract formant frequencies and amplitudes with tongue movements, suggesting a role for lingual articulation in mimicking human speech. This discovery also implies that lingual articulation may underlie the natural vocalizations of parrots.
The Lancet's editorial advocates for animal research to improve human health and develop new medicines, despite potential controversy. The journal emphasizes the need for scientific justification and responsible animal care in experiments.
Researchers at Joslin Diabetes Center have developed a new imaging technology using magnetic resonance imaging to detect early signs of type 1 diabetes. The technology tracks miniscule magnetic nanoparticles leaking from the blood vessels of the pancreas, allowing for non-invasive monitoring of the disease's progression.
Research in mice shows that dietary depletion of essential fatty acid DHA accelerates Alzheimer's disease, but supplementation protects against damage to dendrites and cognitive decline. The study supports increased DHA intake as a potential neuroprotective strategy for AD.
A US study found significantly higher levels of brominated flame retardants (PBDEs) in food samples than previous market studies. The most contaminated items were fish, meat, and dairy products, highlighting the need for further research into the exposure routes of these toxic chemicals.
The PNNL lab will develop a 'pulmonary physiome', a web-based model that provides predictive tools to understand the impact of airborne contaminants on human health. This project aims to improve treatments for asthma and other respiratory ailments.
Researchers fitted six-week-old tiger cubs with radio collars to study mortality rates and potential improvements. The third generation of radio-collared tigers for the project will enable scientists to track the cubs until they die or their collars fall off.
The new powder-based vaccine formulation has shown an 83-100% survival rate in rabbits exposed to lethal doses of inhalation anthrax. Initial data indicates improved stability over the liquid version, allowing for stockpiling without refrigeration. Further studies are needed before clinical trials could begin within two to three years.
Researchers at UCSD developed genetically modified mice with superior endurance capabilities by deleting the HIF-1 gene, which enables aerobic energy production. These 'super mice' can run and swim longer than normal counterparts but exhibit muscle damage after prolonged exercise, highlighting a double-edged effect.
Researchers found that mutations in clock genes caused male flies to copulate significantly longer than usual, revealing a novel role for these genes in regulating behavioral timing on the order of minutes. The study also suggests that clock genes may have important regulatory functions in other areas beyond cyclic patterns.
Researchers have created a chemical technique to tag sugars on cell surfaces, allowing for precise targeting and differentiation of specific cells in whole organisms. The method has implications for studying disease mechanisms, embryonic development, and the biology of organs.
Researchers found that 70% of collisions occurred on just 7.7% of roads in the study area, highlighting the need for animal-friendly infrastructure. In another case, conservationists in Germany must reduce road mortality to make reintroduction of the Eurasian lynx effective.
Neuropeptide S promotes arousal and anxiolytic-like effects, regulating sleep-wake cycles and anxiety. The discovery may help understand sleep disorders and pathological states of anxiety.
Researchers at Jefferson Lab are adapting detector technology to develop a new gene therapy technique for cystic fibrosis, which affects 30,000 Americans. The technology allows for successful imaging of gene transfer in mice, paving the way for clinical trials.
Scientists analyzed mating behavior and body size of over 100 shorebird species to explain Rensch's rule. Larger shorebirds show competitive battles on the ground, where bigger males have an advantage, while smaller species feature aerial battles where agility is key.