Articles tagged with Animal Research
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new study from University of Wisconsin-Madison found that mice denied access to a running wheel showed higher levels of neuronal stimulation in certain brain regions, indicating motivation to run. This suggests that some animals may have an addictive nature towards exercise.
Researchers estimated that only one further case of vCJD in Ireland is likely, based on exposure to BSE-infected beef. The study used data from the UK to calculate the future risk to the Irish population.
A team of scientists has made a groundbreaking discovery by visualizing damaged nerve connections in living mice and tracking them over time. This breakthrough could lead to a better understanding of the underlying processes involved in Alzheimer's disease and potentially unlock new treatments.
Researchers found that genes influence offspring growth, while quality of care from mothers is the primary factor. The study suggests that there are both "super moms" and "dud moms", with success determined by environmental conditions like food supply.
New animal studies suggest that nicotine exposure during development can disrupt normal emotional learning in adulthood. Researchers have identified a novel brain circuit where changes occur, leading to altered behavior. The findings indicate potential use of pure nicotine-like compounds as medications for treating human disorders.
A recent Stanford Medicine study shows that an automatic CPR device, AutoPulse, can restore blood flow and pressure more effectively than manual compressions. The device restored blood flow and returned hearts to normal condition in 73% of treated animals.
Researchers found that CART peptide reduces the effects of cocaine on rodents, leading to a decrease in locomotor activity. They plan to study the mechanism of action and explore its potential as a treatment for cocaine addiction in humans.
Exercise has been found to increase brain capillary volume, particularly in older animals, suggesting physical changes may occur. Additionally, monkeys who exercised showed improved performance and mental engagement compared to sedentary groups.
Eating antioxidant-rich foods may help prevent age-related cognitive decline and slow brain aging. Research suggests that diets high in natural antioxidants can also protect against certain cancers, heart disease, and other neurological disorders.
The nematode worm can alter its sex based on the perceived food availability, affecting the sex ratio. The research helps understand how animals adapt to variable environments and why sex exists.
New research suggests that predators play a crucial role in driving the four-year population cycle of collared lemmings in eastern Greenland. The study found that generalist predators like foxes, owls, and skuas synchronize their numbers with those of lemmings, while specialist predators like stoats lag behind.
Researchers have created a new mouse model of Alzheimer's disease to study the effects of toxic protein p25 on brain degeneration. The model, developed by Harvard Medical School scientists, shows high levels of p25 accumulation leading to neuronal death and tau pathology after just 12 weeks.
Researchers have uncovered detailed insights into the brains of ancient flying reptiles, revealing a larger flocculus that enabled them to process sensory data from their wings. The study suggests that this neural center played a crucial role in the pterosaurs' ability to fly and hunt, allowing them to become highly adapted predators.
A study using CT scans of two pterosaur skulls reveals key structures responsible for flight control and prey spotting were specialized and enlarged, revising views on vision, flight, and the brain's evolution. The research found significant differences between the vestibular apparatus and flocculus in the two species.
Researchers found that adolescent binge drinking leads to tolerance in various biological functions, including altered liver function and brain function. This tolerance can last into adulthood, highlighting the importance of studying its effects during adolescence.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center have enabled rhesus monkeys to control a robot arm using only brain signals and visual feedback. The technology could lead to neuroprosthetic limbs for paralyzed people, and improve rehabilitation of those with brain and spinal cord damage.
Dr. Austad is the recipient of the prestigious Kleemeier Award for his groundbreaking research on aging, a field where he is widely regarded as an expert. The award recognizes his contributions to advancing our understanding of aging in humans, mammals, and birds.
A study at the University of Illinois is investigating the effects of a high-quality animal-based diet versus a mainly plant-based diet on gene expression in dogs. The goal is to identify biomarkers that can predict diabetes and other medical issues in aging overweight dogs and cats.
A breakthrough discovery has been made by McMaster University researchers, who have cloned the gene that marks an important nuclear protein of the SARS virus. The team plans to test their newly engineered adenovirus vector in animals for protective effects against the deadly disease.
Researchers from the University of Pennsylvania have successfully aggregated cloned mouse embryos, improving their survival rate to 8 percent. The technique involves combining two clones at an early embryonic stage, which helps compensate for genetic deficiencies and leads to correct temporal and spatial gene expression.
Researchers have developed a novel approach to conserve rainforests by finding potential pharmaceuticals, contributing to conservation efforts, and providing economic benefits. The pilot project in Panama demonstrates the feasibility of this method, creating jobs and infrastructure while protecting the rainforest.
A new animal study found that PKC may contribute to reduced erectile response in diabetic-obese Zucker rats. The researchers observed increased protein expression of PKC isozymes and Rho-kinase b in the corpus cavernosum, suggesting a role for PKC in vasoconstriction and reduced erectile function.
The IBISCA project aims to understand the vertical stratification of insects throughout the dark understory and emergent canopy of Panama's tropical forest. Using advanced technologies, including a canopy crane, raft, bubble, and treehouse, researchers will collect samples and data on arthropods and other organisms.
A new analytical technique allows archaeologists to accurately date pottery and associated artifacts, resolving issues with organic material dating. The method involves extracting lipids from pottery fragments and radiocarbon dating them, providing a more reliable way to classify archaeological sites.
Researchers develop a lotion made from green tea polyphenols that can help prevent the formation of non-melanoma skin tumors and delay or block the skin's response to UV light. The treatment, designed for topical application after sun exposure, has shown promise in reducing the risk of skin cancer.
A Duke University study found that adolescent rats who started using nicotine earlier had a higher rate of self-administration and continued to use the drug in adulthood. The researchers suggest that early nicotine exposure may cause lasting addiction by affecting brain development.
Researchers develop new gel-like material that mimics natural lens properties, potentially treating cataracts and presbyopia. The material could be injectable, eliminating stitches in surgery.
Researchers have developed a new test, called conformation-dependent immunoassay (CDI), that can detect prion proteins with 100% accuracy at smaller levels than conventional tests. The CDI test can also be used to identify infected animals before they show symptoms, potentially ending the practice of slaughtering entire herds.
Scientists at the Pittsburgh Development Center are working towards cloning nonhuman primates, overcoming fundamental molecular obstacles first reported in 2003. The goal is to generate at least 10 cloned nonhuman primates and produce identical offspring through embryo splitting for studying human diseases.
Researchers at Dartmouth College and GlycoFi have developed a technology to produce human-like glycoprotein structures in yeast, offering improved quality and quantity of pharmaceutical proteins. This breakthrough has the potential to increase patient access to life-saving drug therapies by overcoming production capacity bottlenecks.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed a new tool using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) to accurately determine bone mineral density in hens. The study found that more calcium resulted in greater bone mineral density and stronger bones, leading to potential improvements in egg production.
Researchers at Rockefeller University have developed a mathematical equation that combines generalized arousal with specific forms of arousal, such as sex and hunger. The study found that genetic changes in mice lacking estrogen receptors can influence overall arousal, providing new insights into the neural mechanisms underlying arousal.
Researchers found that FOXO plays a role in reducing the number of cells in developing fruit flies when insulin signalling is not present. This suggests that FOXO inhibits cell division to control body size.
A new technique uses interleukin-6 to store and transport fatty liver organs, potentially reducing damage and improving function after transplantation. The findings could increase the availability of liver transplants in the US, where approximately 40% of adults have fatty livers.
Animal studies found major malformations in the epididymis, a leading deformity caused by antiandrogen chemicals disrupting fetal reproductive development. Exposures to DBP and linuron during critical windows of in utero development can lead to infertility and testicular atrophy.
Researchers used banded water snakes to compare traditional testing methods with nonlethal samples, finding promise in laser ablation for conservation-minded eco-toxicological studies. The study was conducted at SREL on the Savannah River Site, partially funded by a grant from DOE.
Researchers have identified key genes controlling skeleton development, including Hox10 and Hox11. These paralogous genes orchestrate construction of ribs, spine, and limb bones, with knocking out all forms revealing dramatic effects on development.
Scientists have identified a new class of proteins that promote angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels. Del-1 protein, discovered four years ago, has been found to be stable and continually stimulate angiogenesis. The researchers hope to use this knowledge to develop therapies that can inhibit angiogenesis in cancer.
Researchers have identified a genetic variant in the calcineurin pathway that may be linked to schizophrenia. The study found that mice lacking this gene exhibited severe behavioral abnormalities similar to those seen in humans with the disorder, including hyperactivity and social withdrawal.
The US-EC Biotech Task Force is exploring the potential of transkingdom biology to bring together life forms from diverse kingdoms. This new field has opened up a broader relevance due to commonalities in molecular machinery, enabling researchers to share findings and perspectives.
Researchers at the University of Illinois discovered that birds play a crucial role in protecting Neotropical forests by consuming leaf-eating insects. By eating caterpillars on leaves, birds drastically reduce damage to foliage, with average damage levels increasing by 86% where they could not reach.
Research suggests that rodents' UV vision helps them detect fresh urine marks, improving localization and social organization. This adaptation may have driven the retention of UV vision in these animals.
Researchers achieved best survival to date with islet cells from swine, reversing insulin dependency in diabetic cynomolgus monkeys. The study showed no evidence of antibody-mediated rejection, a major type of organ rejection, and demonstrated the potential for xenotransplantation.
Researchers found that infants' vocalizations change in response to their mothers' social interactions, mirroring what birds do when learning to sing. The study suggests that social learning plays a crucial role in the development of speech and song.
Researchers found that hummingbirds can be influenced by the range of options available, making instant decisions based on perceived energy. This technique has implications for animal decision-making, conservation projects, and marketing theorists.
The study found that lobeline decreases METH self-administration without inducing reward, indicating its potential as a useful pharmacological treatment. Lobeline also did not alter METH-induced reinstatement of drug-seeking behavior or affect dopamine levels in the brains of rats.
A new study found that antibodies in female mice attached to their babies' cells stimulate a T-cell response, leading to ovarian destruction and inflammation. The researchers suggest that exposure to the mother's antibody during critical periods of development is crucial for avoiding autoimmune disease.
Research found that male butterflies of iridescent genus Heliconius are attracted to female wings displaying polarized light, suggesting a new role for polarization in mate attraction. The study also highlights the importance of polarization in maintaining species diversity among tropical butterflies.
Scientists in Japan and UCSD have discovered a novel regulatory role for pseudogenes, which stabilizes a protein-coding gene on another chromosome. The study found that disabling the pseudogene led to abnormal kidneys and bones in laboratory mice, while re-introducing it resulted in normal development.
Conlon and Raff's study found that mammalian cells do not use cell-size checkpoints to determine when to divide, unlike yeast cells. Instead, they rely on extracellular signalling from other cells to coordinate growth and division.
Scientists discover that low levels of bisphenol A exposure in animal lab lead to highly significant increases in egg abnormalities, including aneuploidy and disorganized chromosomes. Further study is warranted due to potential human health risks.
Researchers found that bone marrow stem cells from healthy mice contribute to regeneration of nervous and muscle tissue affected by ALS. A five-fold increase in newly generated neuronal cells was observed in the central nervous system of ALS mice.
Researchers found that removing cows from riparian habitats in the arid southwest increased vegetation density by 4-6 times and boosted bird populations, including species of special concern. The study suggests that restoring these areas can have profound benefits for breeding birds in the region.
Researchers found that catnip oil repelled and killed termites in a laboratory test, providing a potential less toxic alternative to pesticides. However, the oil breaks down quickly in the environment, limiting its long-term effectiveness.
A study at the University of Illinois Chicago found that a protein in the brain, CREB, controls drinking behavior in laboratory animals. Low levels of active CREB or neuropeptide Y correlated with symptoms of anxiety and excessive alcohol consumption.
Researchers found that Northwestern crows use passive strategies when stealing from relatives and become aggressive when targeting non-relatives. The study, led by Renee Ha and James Ha, observed 55 birds over 2.5 years and found that kinship significantly affects crow behavior.
A recent study by Dr. Douglas Wahlsten found that environmental influences significantly impact experiment outcomes in mice, including motor coordination and psychological learning tasks. The study suggests that even small factors like odors and experimenter conduct can have a profound effect on behavior.
Research reveals that genetic mutations can lead to structural changes in the placenta, causing fetal death or miscarriage. The study found that embryos with normal placentas but defective Rb genes can still be carried to term, suggesting a critical role of the Rb gene in placental development.
Researchers discovered a promising drug, benfotiamine, that completely blocked three biochemical pathways damaging blood vessels in diabetic rats. The study found that benfotiamine successfully normalized retinal tissue and prevented diabetic retinopathy in the animals.
Researchers have analyzed fossil records of plants and insects to understand how the Earth's climate has changed over time. The study reveals that the K-T boundary, which marked the extinction of dinosaurs, was caused by an extraterrestrial impact, while the P-E interval saw a more gradual change due to global warming.