Articles tagged with Animal Research
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Jim Reichman has received the Distinguished Service Citation from the Ecological Society of America for his long service to ESA and scientific community. He is also a recipient of the C. Hart Merriam Award of the American Society of Mammalogists, recognizing his contributions to mammalogy and environmental science.
A study by University of Wisconsin-Madison assistant professor Stephen Gammie found that low levels of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) trigger maternal aggression in mice, enabling them to protect their offspring. The results show that increasing CRH levels reduces maternal aggression and increases fear responses.
Early visual experience is crucial for normal development of color constancy in humans and monkeys. The study shows that baby monkeys raised in monochromatic environments had severe deficits in color constancy, highlighting the importance of early exposure to a diverse range of colors.
The aloe vera-derived fluid improved survival rates in rats with hemorrhagic shock, even without resuscitation, suggesting its potential to increase survival in trauma patients. The researchers believe the fluid could be administered before evacuation to medical units, reducing the need for blood transfusions.
Researchers studied beaked whale responses to sound frequencies and decibel levels, revealing overestimated deep water impacts and new insights into shallow water reverberations. The study aims to improve safety guidelines for seismic operations in U.S. waters.
Pigeons with homing experience were significantly attracted to highways and a railway track, especially during early and middle sections of their homeward journeys. The researchers found that the birds may use cognitive strategies to locate their loft by relying on topographical points and road features.
Researchers have successfully delivered a mini-dystrophin gene to all skeletal and cardiac muscles of an adult mouse with muscular dystrophy, reversing the disease. The breakthrough uses a safe and simple method to target muscle cells without triggering an immune response.
The RAD51 gene is crucial for repairing DNA breaks during recombination, a process vital for sexual reproduction. In humans, defects in this process can cause infertility, miscarriages, or birth defects.
Researchers created a mouse model with increased cAMP levels in eggs, leading to infertility. By blocking another protein, egg maturation was completed, revealing potential new contraceptive targets.
Researchers found that sphinx moths can learn to associate specific odors with food, demonstrating a complex learning process. The study's findings have wide-ranging applications, including potential uses in defense industry and law enforcement for detecting biological and chemical weapons.
Researchers discovered that replenishing depleted neurosteroid hormone allopregnanolone significantly delayed neurological deficits and doubled the lifespan of mice with neurodegenerative disease. The treatment was particularly potent when administered early in life and showed promise for delaying symptom onset and progression.
Researchers from Oregon State University identified a key genetic mechanism linking resveratrol in red wine to reduced fat formation and increased fat mobilization. This may explain why moderate red wine consumption is associated with lower deaths from heart disease.
Research team led by Mark Springer has traced solenodon origins to the Mesozoic era, 76 million years ago. The findings suggest that these shrew-like creatures branched off from insect-eating relatives and have remained biologically unchanged over millions of years.
Researchers used nanoshells to destroy tumors with heat from near-infrared light, showing promising results in a first animal test. All tumors disappeared within 10 days in the treated group, while untreated and saline-treated groups continued to grow.
Researchers at OHSU found LGD5552 prevented rats from developing a MS-like disease, showing reduced side effects compared to current treatments. The compound's tissue-selective properties may offer a novel avenue for prolonged use in humans.
The study reveals that mice lacking the Mus81 protein are fertile and can help monitor health more closely. Researchers explore whether the mutation is tied to human tumour formation, allowing for targeted treatment strategies.
Researchers at University at Buffalo found that corals can take up new algal symbionts from their environments, increasing cell densities and demonstrating a mechanism for recovery from bleaching. This study provides evidence of coral resilience in the face of environmental change.
A study found that 18% of early-onset Parkinson's disease patients have a single parkin gene mutation, raising questions about the clinical implications of this finding. The study's results challenge the long-held assumption that two mutations are required to develop Parkinson's disease.
Researchers found that birds' photoreceptors can detect the Earth's magnetic field by sensing changes in light energy. This process involves specialized visual systems that allow animals to navigate using the magnetic compass. The discovery sheds new light on the mechanisms behind animal magnetism and its potential applications.
A pair of researchers from the University of Wisconsin-Madison developed mathematical models examining changes in a community's tolerance to environmental conditions like global warming or acid rain. They found that as individual species disappear, two forces act upon the community, making it more or less tolerant to the condition.
A new study confirms long-held theories that CWD can be transmitted through indirect means, including contaminated environments. The research suggests that environmental sources of infection may contribute to CWD epidemics, potentially altering management strategies for the disease.
Researchers at Stanford Medicine identified Langerhans cells as the principal culprit behind graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in transplanted mice. Eliminating these cells using ultraviolet light reduced GVHD symptoms, offering a potential prevention method for transplant patients.
A Purdue University research team has found a set of genes that may orchestrate insects' ability to fight the effects of pesticides. The study identified dozens of genes different in resistant fly lines compared to non-resistant wild-type flies, indicating that multiple genes are involved in metabolic resistance.
A new diagnostic test using proteomic signature analysis has been developed to accurately diagnose sleeping sickness. The test showed a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 98.6%, offering a promising solution for early detection and treatment.
A team of researchers found that certain mammals in the Arctic, including rodents, retained a regular sleep-wake cycle despite 82 days of continuous daylight or darkness. The study suggests that the animals may have used external environmental clues to adapt their biological clocks.
Researchers at Purdue University have identified a method to identify chemical compounds that can be added to pesticides to overcome insect resistance. The approach, which was tested on fruit flies, shows promise for increasing the effectiveness of current pesticides and reducing the need for new ones.
A new study by researchers at Case Western Reserve University has found that an abnormal form of the prion protein from one mammal species can infect another species, bypassing natural barriers. This discovery sheds light on the mechanisms behind prion diseases like mad cow disease and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
University at Buffalo researchers have created an innovative animal model to study tinnitus treatment, allowing them to monitor individual neurons in the brain during phantom sound perception. The model, developed with a $167,000 grant, enables researchers to measure changes in neural activity before and after inducing tinnitus.
A synthetic compound called ISO-1 appears to work by blocking inflammation and protecting mice from developing type 1 diabetes. The researchers believe it could be developed into an oral drug that provides long-lasting protection for young people.
A study found that exposure to terbutaline and chlorpyrifos in early development can lead to brain damage and increased susceptibility to pesticide injury. The combination of the two chemicals caused significant loss of brain cells and nerve cell projections, particularly in regions critical for learning and memory.
Cryptosporidium is missing two critical organelles commonly found in related protozoan parasites, including the apicoplast and mitochondrion. This discovery provides valuable opportunities to study the organism's biology and develop targeted treatments.
The completed genome sequence of Cryptosporidium parvum provides new insights into the parasite's genetic makeup and biochemical pathways. This information can be used to develop early diagnosis, prevention, and treatment strategies for humans and animals affected by the parasite.
Researchers have created new RNA libraries that can selectively inactivate human genes, enabling efficient screening for genetic defects. The libraries, made widely available to the research community, will greatly aid in understanding human biology and disease.
Researchers created a model linking tiger populations to prey density, revealing that human hunters are primary drivers of wild tigers' decline. The study spans eight years and 4,200 miles, providing rigorous insights into the macro-ecological dynamics of tigers and their habitats.
A new toxicity test uses human growth hormone-secreting cell lines to detect toxic compounds, reducing the need for animal testing. The test, developed by Italian researchers, can identify low concentrations of chemicals that current methods may miss.
Researchers investigated how small mammals use crossing structures built across the Trans-Canada Highway, finding that small covered culverts offer protection from other animals and are a cost-effective mitigation strategy. The study's findings have already influenced road construction plans, highlighting the importance of conservation...
A research team led by Dr. Howard Lipshitz discovered that a protein linked to mammalian embryo implantation also plays a role in tumour metastasis in fruit fly development. The study found a surprising level of similarity between the proteins in flies and mammals, with potential implications for understanding human disease.
A recent study by Michigan State University researchers has found that lakes invaded by zebra mussels have three times higher levels of a toxic algae and twice the levels of its deadly toxin, microcystins. The discovery raises concerns about the potential reversal of water quality gains made in recent years.
Dr. Paul Sharpe has received the 2004 Craniofacial Biology Award for his pioneering work in vertebrate body patterning and the molecular basis of tooth development. His contributions to the field have been widely accepted by the scientific community, recognizing his significant impact on craniofacial biology.
A study by Yale University found that diets rich in fat and animal protein may increase the risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The research, published in the American Journal of Epidemiology, also discovered a reduced risk associated with high consumption of fruits and vegetables.
Researchers successfully fertilized rabbit oocytes with freeze-dried sperm, showing promise for long-term storage. The breakthrough improves upon previous success with mouse sperm and opens up possibilities for preserving sperm from humans and other mammalian species.
Researchers found that short-term stress combined with exposure to low-dose chemicals causes widespread cellular damage in the brain and liver of rats. The combination also promotes cell death, damages specific brain regions, and increases reactive oxygen species, which can lead to further damage.
Scientists at Boston Children's Hospital discovered that Sir2 regulates a group of proteins known as FOXO transcription factors, which confer stress resistance by detoxifying free radicals. This interaction may help reverse age-related disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease and cancer.
Researchers successfully cloned three mule foals, including Idaho Gem, using increased calcium concentrations in the media. This breakthrough may aid understanding of human diseases, as equine cell activation and division rates can be accelerated by exposure to calcium.
Researchers found that anthrax spores can germinate, reproduce and form new spores in soil samples, defying the long-held belief that they require a host to survive. The study suggests that the deadly pathogen may be more versatile and resilient than initially thought.
Researchers at UCSD aim to improve care of laboratory animals with automated monitoring technology. The Smart Vivarium project combines cameras, sensors, and AI to enable 24/7 monitoring and analysis of animal behavior.
Leptin treatment transforms rat fat-storing cells into unique fat-burning cells with increased mitochondria. This conversion leads to substantial weight loss and improved health in rats.
Scientists have discovered that snakes made their debut on land, not in the ocean, as they evolved from their lizard ancestors. The research resolves a long-debated question about the origin of snakes and provides evidence for why they lost their limbs.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University have discovered new antioxidants that are 100 times more effective than vitamin E, with potential applications in dietary supplements and medical treatments. The newly developed compounds have also shown promise in protecting against lipid oxidation, a key factor in coronary artery disease.
Researchers discover green leafy volatiles (GLV) prime corn plant defenses to respond more strongly against subsequent herbivorous insect attacks. The primed plants produce chemical signals that attract natural parasites and predators, increasing crop protection.
Scientists at Vanderbilt University have verified that female Anopheles mosquitoes contain receptors responding to one of the chemical compounds found in human sweat. This discovery may lead to better ways to repel deadly insects and uncover additional chemicals that either attract or repel them.
A study found that adolescent rodents experience less anxiety and recover faster from a hangover than adult rodents. In contrast, adolescents tend to drink more in social situations due to the lack of aversive effects, which may lead to dependency.
A bacterial enzyme keratinase has been found to fully degrade transmissible prions responsible for bovine spongiform encephalopathy and other diseases. Researchers plan to test its effectiveness in mice to confirm non-infectious levels of prion after degrading it to undetectable levels in vitro.
Researchers found that aged roaches develop a 'tarsus catch' where the leg joint hardens, causing tripping and loss of gait. As they age, sticky pads change from supple to hardened brown ones, affecting their climbing ability.
Researchers found that Concord grape juice improved short-term memory and neuro-motor skills in senescent rats, with significant improvements seen in tests measuring spatial learning and balance. The study suggests that high levels of natural antioxidants in the grape juice may be responsible for these benefits.
Research finds that snake venom evolved only once in evolution, around 60 million years ago, and is now found in virtually all advanced snakes. A study of over 2,000 snakes from around the world has discovered that many non-venomous species possess complex venoms.
A team led by Tucker Balch at Georgia Institute of Technology has developed a computer vision system that automates the analysis of animal movement. With an accuracy rate of 81.5%, the system can analyze bee movements and label them based on examples provided by human experts.
Researchers immunized six rhesus macaques with a combination of SARS-CoV vectors, showing strong neutralizing capacity against the virus. The vaccine induced both antibody and cell-mediated immune responses, providing protection against subsequent exposure.
A recent UCLA study found that Caribbean island lizards share genetic material due to ocean currents, which carry them from one island to another. This challenges the long-held assumption that species on separate islands evolve independently.
Researchers found that CART peptide, a natural brain chemical, reduces the effects of cocaine by reducing locomotor activity. The discovery opens doors to develop potential treatment options for cocaine addiction.