Articles tagged with Animal Research
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new validated method measures HHMA in body fluids, establishing it as a likely contributor to Ecstasy's side effects. The detection of HHMA may provide new insights into the drug's effects and long-term toxicity.
A study by University of Michigan doctoral student Miroslav Kummel found that plants associate with different fungi depending on light conditions, suggesting a choice-based mechanism for nutrient exchange. This discovery could have implications for the timber industry and our understanding of plant-fungus interactions.
Two new antiprogestin drugs show promise in reversible suppression of menstruation in rhesus macaque monkeys. The treatments block effects of estrogen on the uterus, preventing build-up of endometrial cells and potentially reducing symptoms of endometriosis. This could lead to relief for women suffering from distressing complaints.
A University of Florida study reveals that birds are immune to the spicy chemical in chili peppers, making them essential for seed dispersal. This allows the seeds to germinate and grow in optimal conditions, benefiting the pepper plant's survival.
A new mathematical model developed by Cornell University researchers predicts brain development milestones in mammals, including humans. The model accurately predicted post-conception time of neural events in rats, mice, and monkeys, but revealed discrepancies for human infants and primates.
Researchers at Virginia Tech are conducting animal trials to test a new compound against breast cancer, which strengthens the immune system. The project aims to determine the involvement of the immune system in the drug's cancer-killing ability and assess its effectiveness in treating breast cancer in humans.
Scientists discovered that even seemingly normal-looking clones may have subtle aberrations in gene expression, which can affect development. The study found that mouse clones made from embryonic stem cells exhibited irregular gene expression, highlighting the potential risks of reproductive cloning.
The study suggests that normal visual experience is necessary for proper brain development, with abnormal experiences disrupting neural pathways in the visual cortex. This challenges the long-held belief that either experience or innate wiring alone determines orientation selectivity.
Researchers at Duke University used nuclear genes to analyze genetic material from 15 mammal species, providing statistically unambiguous results in favor of the Theria hypothesis. This contradicts the Marsupionta hypothesis supported by mitochondrial DNA method, which links disparate animals like kangaroos and whales.
A new web-based taxonomic key enables researchers to identify mammals by answering a series of questions with accompanying images. The key, developed in collaboration with the University of Dar es Salaam, uses over 170 identified species as a starting point.
Researchers found that triclosan is effective against malaria and toxoplasmosis parasites at low concentrations, without harming host cells. The study suggests combining triclosan with other inhibitors to disrupt fatty acid synthesis and prevent resistant microbes.
A new study reveals that legumes, such as beans, lentils, and peas, are rich in dietary fiber and resistant starch, which can help prevent cancer. Legumes contain substantially higher percentages of both nutrients compared to cereal grains and heavily processed flours.
Researchers at UNC-CH have successfully developed vaccines using plasmid DNA that can prevent and even halt the progression of insulin-dependent diabetes in laboratory mice. The study's findings offer new hope for treating this growing health threat in humans, with potential annual injections required.
The Gault site in Texas holds the most intensively occupied Clovis site currently known in North America, revealing a 500-700 year progression of the Clovis culture. This unique campsite has yielded five stratigraphically separate occupational events, providing valuable insights into the earliest occupants of Texas and North America.
Researchers at Howard Hughes Medical Institute have identified a link between faulty glycan construction and the onset of autoimmune diseases like lupus. Knocking out a gene involved in modifying sugar molecules on cell surfaces led to mice developing lupus-like abnormalities, including inflamed kidneys and autoreactive antibodies.
A novel drug ALT-711 snips vascular collagen bonds, improving flexibility and reducing systolic blood pressure in older non-human primates. The treatment also increased blood flow through the heart, with effects persisting for over a year after administration.
A new device that combines two sensors to measure glucose and insulin levels simultaneously could provide early warning for diabetics. This technology has the potential to help predict blood sugar changes and stave off complications such as kidney failure and heart disease.
A protein called NR2B makes mice more aware of minor pain for longer periods of time, a phenomenon that mimics what happens in people with chronic pain. The researchers suggest that interfering with NR2B in humans might be a strategy for treating chronic pain.
Biologists from UCLA and Swedish universities have uncovered the history of how wild horses were domesticated, revealing widespread interbreeding across multiple regions. The study found that genetic diversity was much higher than previously thought, suggesting a more complex process of domestication.
A study by Oklahoma State University researchers found that changes in the American Great Plains have affected birds, with some species benefiting from woody habitat and others declining due to habitat loss. Management options such as prescribed fire and grazing animals may help mitigate these impacts.
A study from the University of Southern California found that regular use of permanent hair dyes increases the risk of bladder cancer in women. Women who use permanent dyes at least once a month for one year or longer have twice the risk of bladder cancer as non-users, with increased risks observed in frequent users over 15 years.
A University of Cincinnati doctoral student and her team have found conclusive evidence of burnt animal sacrifice in Bronze Age Greece, supporting details in Homer's 'The Odyssey'. The Pylos bones date back to the 13th century B.C. and provide historical credence to the practice.
Research reveals complex molecular changes in Lyme bacteria during tick feeding, leading to variable surface protein expressions. This complexity makes it challenging to develop effective vaccines, but understanding the biology of transmission may lead to better vaccine candidates.
A team of researchers has developed an experimental HIV-1 vaccine specifically designed to combat the rising HIV epidemic in Nigeria, where the strain is unique and anti-HIV drugs are largely unavailable. The vaccine uses innovative technologies to induce strong antiviral immunity and has shown promising results in preclinical testing.
A new study by Brookhaven National Laboratory researchers shows that Ritalin significantly increases dopamine levels in the brain, stimulating attention and motivational circuits. This increase in dopamine leads to improved focus and completion of tasks, making it an effective treatment for ADHD.
Researchers found that gene Rb2 inhibits angiogenesis, a critical process for tumor growth. The study suggests that Rb2 may be used to treat lung cancer and glioblastoma by blocking blood vessel formation.
Researchers have successfully introduced a new gene into the unfertilized eggs of rhesus monkeys, resulting in several pregnancies and live births. The breakthrough technology has the potential to develop animal models of diseases with greater resemblance to human conditions.
Researchers have discovered a gene that makes mousepox virus deadly to lab mice, raising concerns about its potential misuse in biowarfare. The technique could be used to strengthen biological weapons based on viruses affecting humans.
A new study published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation reveals that a protein called parvalbumin can improve heart function in laboratory rats by restoring normal relaxation rates. The researchers hope to one day use this protein as therapy for progressive heart failure, a growing medical problem affecting millions of Americans.
A recent study published in the Journal of Wildlife Management reveals that bison do not favor using groomed roads for traveling, contrary to a long-held assumption. In fact, most bison travel less than 1 kilometer on groomed terrain and instead follow natural corridors and streambanks.
Scientists aim to develop novel optical imaging technique to capture detailed images of large numbers of brain neurons. The project, led by Leif H. Finkel, brings together experts in bioengineering, neuroscience and physics to overcome limitations of current techniques, enabling study of neural network activity changes with learning.
Scientists have discovered that ancient underground fractures in Ohio soil can contaminate water supplies quickly, posing a threat to the state's groundwater. Research suggests that these fractures allow contaminated water to bypass purification and travel through the soil, potentially endangering water sources.
New research suggests that macrophages are an underappreciated reservoir of virus in HIV infection. Macrophages continue to produce large amounts of an HIV-like virus even after CD4+ T cells are depleted, providing new insight on how the virus survives. This discovery may lead to new strategies for eliminating the virus from the body.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins have engineered a new type of cell that can develop into various tissues, overcoming drawbacks that limited hPSCs for disease therapy. The embryoid body derived cells (EBDs) reproduce readily and are easily maintained, eliminating the need for fetal tissues.
A new UCLA study suggests that a high-fat diet may contribute to the development of osteoporosis by reducing bone density and mineral content. The research, published in Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, could lead to new treatment options for osteoporosis, a disease affecting over one million people annually.
A UCSF study found that elderly women who consume a higher amount of animal-based protein compared to vegetable-based protein are at an increased risk of bone loss and hip fractures. The researchers believe this is due to the high acid content in animal products, which can lead to bone dissolution over time.
Researchers made significant breakthroughs in genome sequencing, decoding the script of life in various organisms. These advances have profound implications for society and human health.
Researchers from UCSD and Japan have identified a new gene called NUDEL, which plays a critical role in regulating the function of motor-molecules that transport cellular cargo within cells. This discovery sheds light on how neurons in the developing brain become wired and provides insights into neurodegenerative diseases.
Researchers found that waddling actually helps penguins save energy by using their leg muscles more efficiently. They also discovered that penguins are not inefficient walkers because of their gait, but rather due to the short length of their legs.
Researchers have identified a potent neurotoxin called kalkitoxin, which appears to block sodium channels in neurons. This finding could lead to new treatments for conditions like pain, epilepsy, and potentially stroke by selectively activating or blocking sodium channels.
Researchers discovered a modified antioxidant enzyme that delayed onset and increased survival of mice with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS or Lou Gehrig's disease). The study found that the polyamine-modified catalase better penetrated the blood-brain barrier, reducing levels of hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide.
Researchers have identified compounds in noni plants that can kill the bacterium causing tuberculosis, offering a potential alternative to existing treatments. The finding could lead to cheaper and more effective medications for this growing global health threat.
A new study of emu eggshells reveals that the arrival of grazing mammals and rabbits in Australia led to a significant reduction in plant biomass, with grasslands disappearing around 300 years ago. The research suggests that Australian ecosystems are fragile and may take a long time to recover even if exotic animals were removed.
Researchers at Monash University developed a noninvasive technique to predict the usable lifetime of rubber products using nuclear magnetic resonance. An Australian research team also created high-tech methods to detect insecticides and fungicides in wine and grapes, potentially leading to improved wine quality.
Research presented at the International Chemical Congress of Pacific Basin Societies found that beer, especially darker ales and stouts, may reduce the incidence of atherosclerosis and cataracts by up to 50 percent. Antioxidants in beer, particularly those found in darker brews, are believed to play a role in this protection.
A seven-year study by University of Florida researchers found a 73% drop in mercury levels in wading bird chicks' feathers since 1994. The declines may be linked to the removal of mercury from commercial products and industrial processes, starting in the late 1980s.
Richard S. Kornbluth, a UCSD professor, has received a grant to study a novel method for stimulating the immune system against TB microbes. His research aims to treat latent TB, preventing it from becoming deadly.
A single gene mutation extends fruitfly lifespan by doubling it from 37 days to 69-71 days while maintaining high functioning and fertility. The Indy gene is associated with altered metabolism and energy utilization, pointing to potential benefits for human lifespan through genetic modification.
A French BSE epidemic is believed to have infected at least 1,200 cattle since 1987, with around 100 animals slaughtered for human consumption in 2000. The risk of BSE entering the food chain from British beef has been reduced, but late-stage infected animals are likely to have been slaughtered for meat.
Researchers found that mouse allergen is a significant contributor to childhood asthma in urban areas, with 18% of children allergic to mice experiencing more severe asthma. Doctors recommend testing for mouse allergy and recommending aggressive extermination of mice.
A study by Cornell University researchers found that each mating strategy in side-blotched lizards has its advantages and vulnerabilities, allowing them to coexist and perpetuate. The aggressive orange-throated males, loyal blue-throated males, and sneaky yellow-throated males all have a reasonable chance of reproductive success.
Scientists at UNC Health Care have successfully used gene-therapy to produce high amounts of a clotting protein in animals, bypassing a major hurdle for treating hemophilia. The new method could potentially yield sustained factor IX production in humans, eliminating the need for daily injections.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins Medicine have developed a gene therapy that effectively treats abnormal rhythms in pig hearts, using genes delivered by routine catheter methods. The treatment showed a 20% decrease in heart rate compared to control animals, and has the potential to be transferred to human heart disease.
Researchers at UC Davis found that spirulina significantly increases cytokine production in cultured immune cells, promoting a cell-mediated immune response. This could provide potential benefits for protecting against intracellular pathogens and parasites.
Alka Agrawal's groundbreaking research reveals the role of 'jumping DNA' in creating our modern-day immune system, which has evolved over 450 million years. Her discovery, made possible by a unique petri-dish system, shows how genes like RAG1 and RAG2 enable complex immune responses.
Researchers recorded tigers' growls and roars to analyze infrasound frequencies. The study suggests that infrasound may be the missing link in tiger communication and could have paralyzing effects on humans.
A team of scientists from the University of Massachusetts suggests that some Nasca lines in Peru may mark underground water sources. The research project, detailed in Discover magazine, indicates that the lines depict natural forces and are aligned with groundwater associated with faults in the bedrock.
Two new studies show that bone marrow cells transplanted into mice can migrate into the brain and develop into cells resembling neurons. These findings have significant implications for treating conditions such as Parkinson's disease and traumatic brain injury, potentially using patients' own cells that would not be rejected by the imm...
A study published in Nature found that plant-eating insects have diets so poor in nutrients they impair growth, unlike aquatic animals which thrive on nutrient-rich foods. The researchers analyzed the chemical composition of plants and animals to determine how different environments affect food webs.
The event will feature panel presentations by patients and family members who share their experiences coping with spinal cord injuries. Researchers discuss recent advances in treating SCI, including neurotrophic electrodes, growth factors, gene therapy, and stem cell therapies.