Articles tagged with Stem Cell Research
Researchers discovered that high doses of antioxidants can disrupt intracellular signaling in neural stem cells, leading to a decrease in their stemness properties. However, treatment with antioxidants improved stem cell function, but only up to a point.
Researchers at the University of York have identified individual stem cells that can regenerate tissue, cartilage and bone, opening the way for improved treatment options for osteoarthritis. The discovery has the potential to develop targeted therapies for arthritis patients, making cell-based treatments less of a lottery.
Massey researchers have identified three patterns of lymphocyte recovery following stem cell transplantation that are significantly associated with clinical outcomes. The study found Group B patients experienced the best clinical outcomes, while Groups A and C had poorer survival rates. The discovery builds on previous research into th...
Researchers at Uppsala University have made significant progress in using stem cells to treat spinal cord injuries. Human stem cells transplanted into injured mice restored damaged sensory nerve connections, enabling long-term recovery of sensory functions.
Depletion of naïve T cells from stem cell grafts limits chronic graft-versus host disease by reducing its occurrence and severity. This approach also results in generally responsive acute GVHD to corticosteroid therapy, supporting it as a potential treatment option.
Researchers found that autologous bone marrow stem cells significantly reduced cranial pressure and therapeutic intensity in TBI patients, decreasing neurointensive care time by nearly 60%.
A special issue of Cell Stem Cell highlights the biology of aging and sex differences in stem cell behavior. Research suggests that estrogen may play a role in increasing lifespan in females, while testosterone may have different effects on males. Scientists are also exploring ways to model late-onset conditions using stem cells.
The Azrieli Foundation donated $10 million to fund groundbreaking stem cell and genetic research at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem's newly inaugurated center. Researchers will focus on developing therapies for Down syndrome, Prader-Willi syndrome, and Fragile X syndrome, among other conditions.
The study provides a starting point to understand the role of methyl groups in influencing gene expression and development. Researchers detected unusual methylation patterns in various tissues, suggesting potential stem cell populations and new avenues for exploration.
Researchers developed an algorithm called KeyGenes that uses gene expression to predict the future identity of human fetal stem cells. The platform integrates data from both human fetal and adult tissue, allowing for more accurate differentiation protocols.
Researchers at the Buck Institute discovered that macrophage-like hemocytes play a crucial role in regulating stem cell activity in the fly gut. This complex signaling interaction helps control intestinal regeneration after damage, but goes awry with age, potentially contributing to human diseases like IBS and colorectal cancer.
Researchers have found that epilepsy reduces the generation of new neurons in the hippocampus, a brain region crucial for learning and stress response. The study's findings suggest that preserving neural stem cells could prevent or mitigate epilepsy symptoms.
Scientists at University of Toronto have made breakthroughs in cell transplantation using hydrogel biomaterials, showing potential for partially restoring vision and aiding brain recovery from stroke. The new gel-like material boosts cell survival and integration in the eye and brain, paving the way for stem-cell-based therapies.
The journal Regenerative Medicine has published a special focus issue on methods to avoid immune rejection in regenerative medicine. The field is immature, but research continues to address the importance of immunity in progress and development.
Researchers find single protein, nuclear Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1 (nFGFR1), orchestrates gene expression in embryo development. This discovery has potential to enhance understanding and treatment of cancers and congenital diseases.
Researchers at the Salk Institute have discovered a novel type of pluripotent stem cell capable of developing into any type of tissue. The new cells, dubbed region-selective pluripotent stem cells (rsPSCs), were easier to grow in the laboratory and offered advantages for large-scale production and gene editing.
Researchers from Mount Sinai presented a first successful 3D printed trachea, as well as studies on increased mortality in black patients after esophageal cancer surgery and the potential benefits of surgical resection for myasthenia gravis. These findings highlight the importance of personalized medicine and access to specialized care.
The study, which followed four individuals for a year after they were treated with embryonic stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelial cells, observed no serious side effects related to the therapy. The researchers reported positive results in visual acuity improvements among patients.
Researchers analyzed 3,550 North American rodent fossils to show how fundamental evolutionary mechanisms drive the emergence of novel mammalian stem cells. The study found that most extinct species can acquire continuously growing molars through evolution, and the final developmental step is surprisingly simple.
Researchers at the University of Cambridge have identified a pathway linking proteins amyloid precursor protein and tau, which may be targeted for treatment. This discovery using human stem cells suggests that manipulating this pathway could halt disease progression.
Researchers have identified a key role for Gli1+ stem cells in skull development and facial bone repair. Transplanting these stem cells into injured areas may help restore normal anatomy and facilitate brain growth, offering potential treatment options for infants with craniosynostosis and patients with facial disfigurement.
Scientists have isolated dental stem cell lines and identified a natural mechanism for repairing tooth lesions. The study reveals that dopamine and serotonin play a crucial role in recruiting stem cells, which then repair the tooth. This breakthrough discovery opens up new therapeutic strategies to mobilize resident dental stem cells.
Researchers have developed a new technique for islet transplantation under the skin, which shows promise in reversing diabetes in preclinical models. This approach harnesses the body's natural ability to respond to a foreign body by growing new blood vessels, offering a safer and more reliable treatment option.
Scientists at Case Western Reserve University found that two topical medicines can activate mouse and human brain stem cells, reversing paralysis and repairing damage caused by multiple sclerosis. The approach offers a potential new way to reverse disability in MS patients.
Researchers at the University of Missouri have identified a new form of human embryonic stem cell that can help advance research on pre-eclampsia and other reproductive problems. These 'BMP-primed' stem cells are more robust and easily manipulated than traditional stem cells, making them ideal for future studies.
A new study suggests that injecting stem cells into the eye may preserve vision in people with early-stage age-related macular degeneration. The treatment, which uses adult-derived human cells, has shown promise in laboratory rats and could potentially be used to slow or reverse the effects of the disease.
Researchers have created a disease signature for alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which may lead to new treatments. The study found that liver cells derived from AAT deficient iPSCs are more sensitive to drugs that cause liver toxicity than normal cells.
Researchers at the Buck Institute have confirmed that Parkinson's disease mutations alter mitochondrial function in human cells for the first time. The study provides a tool for testing potential therapeutics and promises to address concerns about genetic differences between patients.
A molecular pathway permits stem cells to grow rapidly and aggressively in pediatric bone cancers, according to researchers at NYU Langone Health. The transcription factor Sox2 releases the floodgates in the Hippo pathway, allowing for the growth of highly aggressive tumor-forming stem cells.
Scientists have discovered that the chromosomes in laboratory stem cells open slowly over time, allowing them to respond to growth factors and differentiate into specific cell types. This understanding could lead to advancements in stem cell research and the development of new therapies for diseases such as type 1 diabetes.
Researchers from Johns Hopkins Medicine discovered that premature aging of stem cell telomeres drives emphysema, not inflammation. This finding redirects research efforts to fix the underlying problem rather than treating symptoms.
Dr. Ayman Al-Hendy has received two top honors from the Society for Reproductive Investigation for his outstanding record of scientific investigation and promising research career. He is being recognized for his work on fibroids, uterine growths affecting up to 75% of women, which can complicate pregnancy and cause excessive bleeding.
A UCI team led by Leslie Thompson will establish an HD therapy employing human embryonic stem cells that can be evaluated in clinical trials. The researchers have identified a highly promising neural stem cell line showing disease-modifying activity in HD mice, and will conduct preclinical efficacy and safety studies.
The American Association of Anatomists has awarded Young Investigators to R.R. Bensley Award winner Bungo Akiyoshi for his discovery of unconventional kinetochores in Kinetoplastids, and Feng Zhang for his contributions to comparative neuroanatomy through genome manipulations using CRISPR-Cas9.
Researchers have identified a critical molecular pathway in blood stem cells that can be manipulated to enhance their regenerative capacity and reduce the signs of aging. By slowing down mitochondrial activity, they found that levels of SIRT7 can help cope with stress caused by misfolded proteins.
Researchers at Rockefeller University identified Sox9 as a key molecule controlling stem cell plasticity in hair follicles. Sox9 enables hair follicle stem cells to regain their ability to produce new tissue and heal wounds by amplifying genes associated with stemness.
Researchers at University of British Columbia found a new approach to treating Type 2 diabetes using stem cell transplants and conventional drugs. The study showed mice became glucose tolerant after receiving the transplants, while those without received only drugs, resulting in unexpected weight loss.
A stem cell-based approach using human embryonic stem cells proved effective in improving insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism in mice. The combination of stem cell transplantation and antidiabetic drugs resulted in rapid weight loss and significant improvements in glucose control compared to individual treatments.
Researchers used super-resolution microscopy to visualize genome packaging and found that nucleosomes are assembled in irregular groups across the chromatin. This study reveals a link between genome packaging and cell pluripotency, with more pluripotent stem cells having less dense nucleosome clutches.
A new study by University of Alberta researchers found that media coverage of stem cell therapies often presents unrealistic timelines and overhypes the field. The study examined 307 news reports between 2010 and 2013, revealing that 69% predicted therapies would be available within 5-10 years or sooner.
A team of scientists has successfully repaired the damaged cerebral cortex of adult mice using cortical neurons derived from embryonic stem cells. The study suggests that only neurons of the same type as the damaged area can restore damaged circuits, providing new hope for treating brain injuries and diseases.
Scientists have made a breakthrough in treating patients with sickle cell disease by engineering custom blood cells that can evade the immune system. Lab-grown stem cells were reprogrammed and edited using CRISPR to replace the defective gene, resulting in healthy red blood cells that function just as well as those from unaffected donors.
The New York Stem Cell Foundation (NYSCF) has proposed seven strategies to advance women in science, engineering, and medicine, including flexible family care spending and recruiting gender-balanced review committees. The initiatives aim to promote gender equality and break down barriers to advancement in these fields.
A new study finds that Republicans generally defer to science on most issues, with only four exceptions: global warming, evolution, gay adoption, and mandatory health insurance. The study reveals that Republicans are more likely to trust science than independents and Democrats across a range of policy areas.
Columbia University researchers successfully converted human skin cells into hypothalamic neurons, a type that regulates appetite. These neurons provide a patient-specific model for studying the neurophysiology of weight control and testing potential therapies.
Researchers have devised a clonal strategy to ensure adult epidermal stem cells meet the highest safety criteria before use in treatments. The approach involves cultivating, genetically modifying and testing individual cells to guarantee their viability and safety.
Lene Oddershede's work focuses on merging physics, biology, and medicine to develop new treatments for diseases. Her award-winning research includes the creation of Scandinavia's first optical tweezers, which enable the study of individual cells and molecules without damaging surrounding tissues.
A new study at The Scripps Research Institute shows that certain stem cell culture conditions can reduce DNA mutations. Researchers developed a method using feeder cells and manual passaging to minimize genetic instability.
Researchers at UC San Diego School of Medicine found that culture conditions and passage methods affect genetic stability in human stem cells. The study highlights the need for quality control to ensure the safety of transplanted stem cells.
Researchers discovered that increased levels of retinoic acid reduce blood cell production, while lower levels increase it by 300%. This finding supports the need for pregnant women to limit their vitamin A intake. The study also contributes to the development of artificial blood stem cells for patients with blood disorders.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine have found that wisdom teeth stem cells can transform into corneal cells to repair scarring. The discovery could lead to new treatments for corneal blindness, a condition affecting millions worldwide.
State-funded programs in California and Connecticut have contributed to an increase in stem-cell-related publications, with California benefiting most. The study suggests that state funding has established California as a leader in this emerging field, while Maryland and New York saw minimal impact on publication trends.
Researchers at Queen Mary University of London found that regulating primary cilia length in stem cells can prevent the production of new fat cells. This study provides new insight into the regulation of fat cell formation and obesity, potentially leading to a new type of treatment called 'cilia-therapy'.
Researchers at the University of Cambridge discovered that the order of genetic mutations acquired determines how cancer behaves. The study found that patients who acquire mutations in JAK2 prior to those in TET2 are more likely to develop a severe red blood cell disease subtype and suffer from blood clots.
Researchers at the University of Minnesota Academic Health Center have developed a new reporter system to study bone regeneration potential in human embryonic stem cells. The system allows for better monitoring of cell properties and may lead to the creation of new therapies for diseases such as leukemia or genetic blood disorders.
A new study by Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute has identified a specific stem cell signaling process that regulates intestinal tumors. The findings suggest that protein kinase C-zeta inhibits stem cell activity through downregulation of two signaling pathways: beta-catenin and Yap.
Scientists at Gladstone Institutes have discovered a way to enhance CRISPR's precision while boosting its efficiency using small molecules. This breakthrough has important implications for correcting disease-causing genetic mutations and creating personalized therapeutics.
MIT researchers have engineered a way to use human liver cells to screen potential antimalarial drugs and vaccines for their ability to treat the liver stage of malaria infection. The approach may offer new opportunities for personalized antimalarial drug testing.
Human stem cells have been shown to repair damage caused by radiation therapy for brain cancer in rats, regaining cognitive and motor functions lost after treatment. The study uses human embryonic stem cells or induced pluripotent stem cells to replace damaged oligodendrocyte progenitor cells.
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg and Karolinska Institute have failed to successfully treat infertility with stem cells, contradicting previous claims. The study shows that female mice can only produce eggs from birth, rendering stem cell-based treatment unrealistic.