Articles tagged with Research Organizations
Researchers at Oxford University found that faster pigeons tend to become flock leaders, learning navigation skills more effectively. In a study of 40 homing pigeons tagged with GPS devices, the team discovered that leadership experience improved efficiency in faster birds.
A study on homing pigeons reveals that speed plays a crucial role in determining flock leadership. Faster birds lead and learn to navigate better routes, while slower birds follow and improve their skills over time. This simple yet effective mechanism explains the emergence of leadership in bird flocks.
A report by the General Medical Council reveals that medics from different backgrounds perform better or worse due to multiple factors influencing their performance. The review highlights the importance of addressing differential attainment to create a level playing field for all candidates.
The BK polyomavirus often causes complications after kidney transplantation due to immunosuppressive drugs like Tacrolimus. Researchers have found that Tacrolimus directly activates virus replication, while Sirolimus inhibits it, providing a rationale for clinical trials.
Researchers discover regulatory mechanism that extends 'healthspan', the time an organism is at its optimal health, using C. elegans roundworms. Maximum velocity (MV) of wild-type worms at day 9 adulthood reliably predicts longevity and physical decline.
A University of Cincinnati professor examines how casting agents with anthropological training navigate conservative views in the fashion industry. Her research reveals that these individuals often turn to creative outlets like documentaries and blogs, highlighting the evolving role of anthropology in understanding professionals.
Researchers have demonstrated the generation of ultra-short x-ray pulses using existing technology, opening up a range of scientific applications. The breakthrough could reveal intricate details in processes like electrons moving in atoms and compressing X-ray flashes to attosecond duration.
Junior Professor Denis Scholz will continue speleothem research, extending it to longer-term objectives. Speleothems are suitable archives of past climate variability due to their global distribution and precise dating capabilities.
A recent study published in Psychology and Aging suggests that depressive symptoms continue to increase throughout old age, contrary to previous studies which only examined the issue up to age 85. The research found that levels of physical impairment, medical conditions, and death's approach significantly contribute to these increases.
The new Transregional Collaborative Research Center 'Waves to Weather' aims to improve forecast models by analyzing ensemble forecasts and studying predictability. Scientists will investigate the physical processes and interactions behind severe weather events, with the goal of developing new models and methods to extend forecast range.
In a study by Oxford University researchers, wild birds chose to stay close to their partners over accessing food, even when it meant spending less time foraging. This demonstrates the importance of social relationships for wild birds and shows how individual behavior can be shaped around maintaining key relationships.
The Genome Analysis Centre has achieved a major milestone in wheat research by assembling the genome into larger and more complete chunks. This breakthrough, made possible by improved sequencing technology, will enable researchers to develop new insights into wheat genes and breeding programmes.
Research finds that areas with more restrictive alcohol licensing policies have lower drink-related hospital admissions, with a 2% reduction seen in local authorities with medium-high intensity scores. This suggests that tighter local curbs can lead to measurable reductions in alcohol-attributable hospital admissions.
A University of Tokyo research group has developed a flexible, lightweight temperature sensor that responds rapidly to tiny thermal changes. The sensor is composed of graphite and a semicrystalline acrylate polymer and can measure body temperature with high accuracy without additional circuitry.
Researchers have discovered a single gene regulating salmon age at maturity, which also influences human puberty timing. The VGLL3 gene affects body fat accumulation and balances out sex-specific traits to maintain population stability.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet identified a hormonal mechanism explaining why women with PCOS are more likely to develop mental health issues. The study found that excessive testosterone exposure during fetal development can lead to anxiety-like behavior in both male and female offspring.
The Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences has presented eight new recipients of the INFORMS Fellow Award, recognizing their outstanding achievements in various areas. The awards are given to individuals who have made significant contributions to education, management, practice, research, and service in the field...
Dr. Michael Brand's research focuses on understanding how the brain can be stimulated to regenerate, aiming to develop new therapies for stroke and neurodegenerative diseases. The ERC Advanced Grant will support his investigation of molecular mechanisms underlying the zebrafish brain's ability to regenerate itself after a lesion.
A study by Aalto University and the University of Oxford reveals that bodily maps of touch are tightly linked to social relationships, with pleasure caused by touching influencing what areas can be touched. The results highlight the importance of non-verbal communication in maintaining social relationships.
A four-year multi-partner study investigates the effects of various pressures on freshwater ecosystems, with a focus on connectivity and stressor interactions. The research aims to improve our understanding of these impacts and inform sustainable management strategies.
NYU researchers have developed a new game-based online simulation training program called ALIVE, which helps firefighters understand how to fight modern residential fires and minimize their cardiovascular risk. The training module is funded by a $1.5 million grant from the U.S. Department of Homeland Security.
A new Mainz-based Emmy Noether independent junior research group aims to explain the principles behind the transport and controlled arrangement of colloidal particles. The goal is to combine microfluidics and self-assembly in soft materials for a more profound understanding and new uses.
A new study found that small and hungry prawns are more likely to innovate when in a group, while size has no effect alone or with hunger. This challenges the long-held notion that necessity drives innovation.
Researchers have identified ten new genetic risk loci for eczema, a chronic inflammatory skin disorder. The study found strong correlations with known risk factors for asthma, allergies, and other autoimmune diseases.
Researchers found that four-month-old infants can correctly identify the source of a tickle on their feet, but six-month-olds cannot. This suggests that human babies perceive touches solely on their bodies before developing a sense of touch in external space.
A research group at Tohoku University has developed a comprehensive reference panel of genetic variants from 1,070 Japanese individuals through deep whole-genome sequencing. This analysis detected signatures of purifying selection on regulatory elements and coding regions, as well as structural variants that may contribute to complex h...
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have found that OSU6162 can reduce craving for alcohol in people with alcohol dependence, normalizing dopamine levels in brain reward system. Thorough clinical studies are needed to confirm efficacy.
Researchers used Caenorhabditis elegans worms to develop a method to predict lifespan based on metabolic profiles. The study found that middle age was a key turning point in aging, with normal lifespan worms aging 40% faster than long-lived counterparts at this stage.
A new study has found that changes in the polar regions can significantly affect the ocean and climate on the opposite side of the world, far quicker than previously thought. The research linked ocean currents to climate conditions during the last ice age, revealing a tight connection between the two.
A UCLA study analyzed over 6 million scholarly publications in biomedicine and chemistry, finding that most researchers prioritize established knowledge over innovative questions. This 'publish or perish' pressure leads to a tradeoff between traditional productivity and riskier innovation.
A recent review of the effects of a series of biomedical research reviews found that some initiatives have reduced waste and increased value, but more needs to be done. The reviewers questioned whether it's time to reconsider the current system for awarding research funding, which may not reflect changing biomedical research needs.
A recent study found that leader-humor's effect on subordinates' job satisfaction depends on the relationship quality between leaders and their subordinates. Positive or negative humor use by leaders is positively related to subordinates' job satisfaction when the relationship is good.
A new study found that 87% of Millennials use paid content for entertainment or news, with popular services including movies and TV, music, and Facebook. Socioeconomic differences were not a major indicator of paid content usage.
Scientists have discovered a method to predict certain types of cardiac arrhythmias, allowing for potential prevention and improved heart health. The researchers used mathematical modeling to analyze the transition from normal to abnormal heartbeat patterns in embryonic chicken cells.
A Cardiff University team developed an intelligent system to detect malicious links disguised in shortened URLs on Twitter, identifying cyber-attacks within 30 seconds with 98% accuracy. The system was tested using tweets from high-traffic events and showed promise in preventing malware infections.
A new study reveals that Millennials are not a monolithic group, but rather four distinct types with different information consumption habits. The study identifies key characteristics of each group, including their age, interests, and media use.
Research groups worldwide are developing TENGs to power wearable electronics and sensor networks. A set of standards has been proposed to quantify device performance, including structural and materials performance of four major types. The standards will facilitate comparisons and selection of devices for specific applications.
Researchers sequenced the complete genomes of 11 Przewalski's horses, including museum specimens, and compared them to domesticated horses. The findings show that captivity led to lower genetic diversity, increased inbreeding, and gene variants from domesticated individuals.
Researchers from Southampton's Optoelectronics Research Centre demonstrated the use of optical phase conjugation to improve transmission capacity in long-haul optical systems. They successfully doubled transmission capacity using a dedicated dark fibre network, showcasing potential for high-capacity signals over long distances.
A report by EMBO examines the potential benefits and challenges of using gender quotas to achieve better gender balance in academia. The study suggests that quota systems, such as cascade models, can be effective in increasing female representation in higher academic positions.
Researchers found that artificial breeding created extreme wing shape and size relationships in fruit flies, but natural selection corrected these changes within just 15 generations. This study suggests that evolution is constrained by fundamental biological processes, such as developmental links between traits.
Researchers used DNA to reconstruct past events that brought European populations together, shedding light on the lives of 'regular people.' The study found evidence of multiple migrations, including from Central Asia to Europe and from West Africa to the Mediterranean.
Professor Nick Enfield and his colleagues found evidence of a universal trait in human conversation, with the word 'Huh' appearing in 31 languages. They also discovered that people stop for clarification once every 90 seconds, regardless of language.
A University of Oregon study suggests that charity logos on food products can trigger quick perceptions about an item's healthiness. The research found that consumers associate certain cause logos with healthier options, even if the partnership is not intended to endorse the product's healthiness.
Professor Thomas Jentsch's discovery of the Torpedo chloride channel in 1990 marked a breakthrough in understanding ion transport processes. He identified nine different CLC chloride channels and transporters, which are essential for human function and contribute to various genetic diseases.
The University of Warwick will receive £115,000 in funding to involve the public in research. This project aims to embed public engagement in research culture, enhancing research quality and societal significance.
Researchers from Italy have devised a novel method to convert low-frequency signals into higher frequencies using Nobel Prize-winning Josephson junctions. The approach produces voltage pulses containing hundreds of harmonics, enabling the creation of smaller and more efficient signal generators.
Researchers at INRS have developed an optical chip that can generate cross-polarized photon pairs, paving the way for more efficient and low-cost telecommunication networks. This breakthrough technology has the potential to revolutionize optical communication and applications such as signal processing and spectroscopy.
Scientists have successfully altered the state of matter of metallic osmium under extreme pressure conditions. The research uses ultra-high pressures to interact with core electrons in osmium, leading to anomalies in its compression behavior. This breakthrough could lead to new materials with unique properties.
Researchers at Kobe University identified novel chemosensory proteins in ant antennae, revealing cooperative modes of operation and recognition of individual information. These findings provide a starting point for elucidating the molecular mechanisms supporting complex ant societies.
A team of researchers from Kobe University has developed a novel method to quantify the proportion of native and non-native genotypes in aquatic species. By analyzing environmental DNA (eDNA) from water samples, they were able to detect the presence of invasive non-native strains in rivers and reservoirs of western Japan.
New insights into Mercury's movements and interactions with the solar system reveal its unique composition. Researchers reevaluate New Zealand's Alpine Fault after seismic data showed it becomes flatter at depth, providing new information for geological studies.
The study concludes that high-density cities with large parks or nature reserves yield the most benefits, but smaller parks and gardens also play a positive role. Compact developments incorporating large green spaces are essential for delivering ecosystem services.
Researchers will use digital methods to repopulate an ancient country called Doggerland, monitoring its development over 5,000 years. This project aims to reveal crucial information about early human life in Europe and develop new technologies for exploring lost landscapes.
A team of scientists from North Carolina State University and the University of Alberta compared Jurassic and Cretaceous ankylosaur specimens to determine how their tails evolved. They found that the tail stiffened before the growth of the osteoderm knob, with handle-like vertebrae appearing in early ankylosaurs.
Mary Naylor, a renowned gerontological nurse researcher, has been awarded the 2015 Doris Schwartz Gerontological Nursing Research Award by GSA. Her Transitional Care Model has been clinically proven to reduce hospital re-admissions and produce substantial savings.
Scientists from Hiroshima University have observed an unusual dispersion of the acoustic mode in liquid Bi using inelastic x-ray scattering (IXS). The results resolve previous disagreements and suggest a possible mechanism involving a long-range interatomic force, which is related to local structures.
Smiling Brazil launched in 2004 and incorporated oral health into the public healthcare system, adopting an integral care approach. The policy has shown positive results in oral health epidemiological indicators, financial investment, and professional development.
The £5.4 million grant will support a multidisciplinary team at the University of Nottingham to develop bespoke materials for specific applications in targeted drug delivery, regenerative medicine, and advanced medical devices.
A £6.65 million grant will support a programme at the University of Liverpool and University College London to design and test new materials at the atomic level. The project aims to address challenges in sustainable energy production, battery technologies, and solar energy efficiency.