Articles tagged with Adults
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new study by Duke University Medical Center reveals that people under 40 with high blood pressure are at increased risk of heart failure, strokes, and blood vessel blockages as they age. The study used the 2017 guidelines to assess risks for younger individuals.
A study by Angela Cooper and colleagues found that adults have difficulty distinguishing between children's voices, with only about 40% correct identification rate. The researchers used a space alien interactive game to elicit recordings from 2-year-olds and their mothers, which led to the development of new training methods for improv...
Researchers found that adolescent deviancy training, such as crude talk among friends, signals a pathway to antisocial behaviors and unhealthy adult relationships. Adults who exhibited more deviancy training at age 16-17 were more likely to display coercive behavior in their relationship at age 28-30.
Researchers at Joslin Diabetes Center found that paternal exercise improves glucose metabolism, reduces body weight, and decreases fat mass in offspring. Exercise also alters genetic expression in sperm, potentially transmitting beneficial effects to next-generation offspring.
A new definition of PARDS, issued by the Pediatric Acute Lung Injury Consensus Conference, has been validated through an international study. The study found that two-thirds of children with mild and moderate PARDS would not have been accurately diagnosed using adult definitions.
A survey-based study of 21,889 adults found that severe childhood physical abuse and frequent intimate partner violence exposure increased the risk of arthritis. The study suggests potentially enduring immune and metabolic abnormalities caused by childhood abuse may play a role in the development of arthritis.
A major new study finds that children from families who fall on hard times are more likely to be involved in violent crime and harm themselves as young adults. Children from the poorest fifth of society were 7-13 times more likely to commit violent crime or self-harm compared to those from wealthier backgrounds.
A study of 6,900 black and white adults found that a Southern diet was the top factor associated with an increased risk of hypertension. The diet, characterized by high consumption of fried foods, organ meats, and processed meats, was linked to higher blood pressure among black adults.
Research explores digital media's effects on children, revealing enhanced phoneme learning and potential links to aggressive behavior. Early media exposure also affects attention in young minds.
Research shows that weight gain between childhood and adulthood increases type 2 diabetes risk more than a stable high body mass index. Children who were overweight at age 10 and remained so have lower T2D risk compared to those who were normal weight but became overweight later in life.
Research led by the University of Bristol found that children aged 11-19 can effectively use collective intelligence to make group decisions, revealing a geometric mean rule-of-thumb approach. The study revealed that pupils used their original guesses to come to a final consensus, even in cases of disagreement.
A new study found that children who have access to green spaces near their homes are less likely to experience respiratory problems as adults. The research, conducted by RHINESSA, analyzed data from over 5,400 participants and found a significant association between exposure to greenness and reduced respiratory symptoms.
A new study finds that people from black, Hispanic, and multiracial backgrounds, those with lower education levels and income, and the unemployed are more likely to have experienced childhood trauma. The most common adverse childhood experiences include emotional abuse, parental separation, and household substance abuse.
Researchers found that people with regular spiritual habits in childhood and adolescence reported greater life satisfaction, positivity, and lower depressive symptoms. They were also less likely to engage in unhealthy behaviors such as smoking, illicit drug use, or sexually transmitted infections.
The study found that prescription rates for ADHD medications are still lower than diagnosis rates worldwide, highlighting disparities in clinical approaches to treating the condition. In contrast, regions like North America have higher medication use rates, but also face concerns of overdiagnosis and overmedication.
A study by Northwestern University researchers explored the attitudes and beliefs of Chinese immigrant women regarding their children's and spouse's involvement in their health and healthcare. The findings suggest opportunities for culturally tailored interventions to improve these women's health outcomes.
A recent study published in Nature found that stress caused by starvation before sexual maturation can prevent normal changes in the wiring patterns of key neuronal circuits in male worms. As a result, adult male worms act immaturely during behaviors controlled by these circuits. The study suggests that environmental stress can permane...
Research found individuals with autism spectrum disorders, especially without intellectual disability, have greater risk of depression in young adulthood. This association highlights the importance of identifying and treating depression in people with ASD to improve their quality of life.
A study found that immersing children in a rainforest lifestyle for 16 days led to more diverse gut microbes, with higher proportions of helpful bacteria. In contrast, adult participants showed little change to their microbiome, suggesting dietary interventions may be most effective in children.
Researchers found that teenagers have difficulty reading the emotions expressed in their peers' voices, particularly when it comes to tones of voice conveying anger, meanness, or happiness. However, they can accurately interpret adult tone of voices. This challenges the social interactions and relationships among teens.
A large study of Australian adults found that psychological distress was linked to a higher risk of heart attack and stroke. The researchers estimated that among women, high/very high psychological distress was associated with a 44 percent increased risk of stroke.
Researchers studied blood samples from 3,740 children and 1,074 adults in Managua, Nicaragua, after the 2016 Zika epidemic. The study found a high post-epidemic seroprevalence of 36% in children and 56% in adults, with immunity rates higher in females and increasing nonlinearly with age.
A recent study by the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign found that nearly a third of young adults are financially precarious due to poor financial literacy and income instability. These individuals often rely on alternative financial services, which can lead to high interest rates and fees.
Researchers at Children's Hospital Los Angeles investigate the impact of obesity on metabolism and body temperature control, finding that post-prandial uridine levels increase in obese individuals. The study suggests including both lean and overweight subjects in metabolic research to prevent misleading outcomes.
Researchers found that adult engagement and supervision during recess are the strongest predictors of children's engagement in activities. Longer recess periods also led to more physical activity, with boys being more active than girls. The study highlights the importance of a high-quality recess experience for children.
Research found that people who believe they were unwanted or unplanned pregnancies tend to have more insecure relationship styles as adults. This perceived birth status affects attachment styles, leading to increased anxiety and avoidance in relationships. The study suggests that revealing such information can increase insecurities and...
A new study published in Rheumatology indicates that exposure to secondhand smoke in childhood increases the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis as an adult. The study found that passive smoking during childhood can lead to an increased risk of arthritis and earlier onset, even in non-smokers.
A study found that regular conversations with young children strengthen connections between critical brain regions for language, regardless of socioeconomic status. The research suggests that early language exposure can promote language skills and brain development.
A St. Jude Children's Research Hospital study found that over half of pediatric central nervous system tumor survivors do not achieve complete independence as adults. Cognitive impairment and physical performance limitations are strong predictors of non-independence.
The study found a significant increase in benzodiazepine prescriptions for children, adolescents, and young adults in Sweden between 2006-2013. Nearly 30% of young adults were prescribed benzodiazepines for longer than 6 months, contradicting international guidelines.
A network meta-analysis and systematic review found methylphenidate to be the most effective and safe ADHD drug for short-term treatment in children, with amphetamines being the preferred choice for adults. However, more research is needed to confirm long-term effects of ADHD medications.
A new study from McGill University Health Centre reveals that a four-month rifampin treatment is as effective as nine months of isoniazid in preventing tuberculosis, with significantly fewer side effects. The treatment was also more acceptable to patients, particularly those with liver toxicity.
A new study published in the Journal of Substance Use found that approximately 40% of adult drinkers in the US exceed safe consumption levels. The research identifies factors associated with starting or stopping excessive drinking, including younger age, social status, and health conditions.
A new study found that young adults who had a parent incarcerated during childhood are more likely to skip needed healthcare, smoke cigarettes, engage in risky sexual behaviors, and abuse alcohol and prescription drugs. Young Black adults were disproportionately affected, with a higher prevalence of parental incarceration.
A 10-year study found that age, low socioeconomic status, obesity, and low physical activity are positively associated with the risk of developing multimorbidity. Promoting healthy lifestyles and targeting an internal locus of control may help empower patients to achieve behavior change and reduce multimorbidity incidence.
A nearly complete foot from Dikika, Ethiopia, exhibits ape-like foot characteristics that challenge the long-held assumption of bipedalism in A. afarensis. The discovery provides new insights into the evolution of bipedality and highlights the importance of juvenile specimens in understanding trait development.
A study of over 2,500 adults found that visual impairment is strongly associated with cognitive decline. Maintaining good vision through prevention and treatment may help reduce age-related cognitive changes.
A substantial proportion of adult survivors of childhood cancer report a lack of concern about their future health, despite being at elevated risk for serious chronic health conditions and subsequent cancers. The study suggests that this may lead to less engagement in cancer screening and healthier behaviors.
Research reveals that adolescent binge drinking can disrupt the brain's ability to form short-term memories, affecting the prefrontal cortex and behavior-management abilities. This link may help scientists develop better treatments for alcohol-related negative effects on the brain.
A study published in EULAR 2018 found that childhood and adult obesity are associated with an increased risk of developing hip and knee osteoarthritis, but not hand osteoarthritis. The research used genetic variants to investigate the causal relationship between obesity and OA.
A study of 38,696 adults found that SNAP recipients showed less improvement in diet quality over time compared to those who did not participate in the program. The findings suggest that disparities in diet quality persisted or worsened for SNAP participants for most dietary components.
A new study from UCSF found that overweight and obese young adults are more likely to engage in disordered eating behaviors, such as bingeing and purging. The study also found associations between disordered eating and race and sexual orientation, with Asian/Pacific Islanders and homosexual individuals at increased risk.
Adolescents girls reported less physical activity than their male counterparts, with activity dropping off sharply during the transition to young adulthood. The study highlights disparities in physical activity among certain groups, emphasizing the importance of promoting physical activity among adolescents and young adults.
Researchers developed a mouse model to investigate the potential long-term symptoms of congenital Zika virus infection, finding weight loss, cognitive deficits, and impaired motor function. Infliximab, a TNF-α inhibitor, showed promise in reducing seizures in young mice, offering new hope for public health crisis
New research from UC Riverside psychologist Kalina Michalska finds that children's experience of pain is significantly influenced by their expectations. The study, involving healthy and anxious children, reveals that simply telling them they will experience pain can actually increase the severity of their pain. In contrast, distracting...
According to the study, people are preserving signs of infantilism due to various factors such as delayed self-identity, changing socialization conditions, and traditional roles being devalued. This phenomenon is often accompanied by emotional immaturity, lack of confidence, and a tendency to delay important decisions.
A new Dietary Obesity Prevention Score (DOPS) is strongly associated with long-term risk of overweight or obesity. The score uses simple food-frequency questionnaires to assess dietary intake and is positively weighted towards vegetables, fruits, and legumes.
Research at Lund University reveals that attentive adults can increase children's ability to empathize by engaging in interactive storytelling. Children as young as 33 months old demonstrated an understanding of false beliefs when hearing stories together with engaged adults.
Researchers found that childhood adversity is strongly associated with mood and sleep problems in adulthood, which lead to greater physical pain. However, optimism and feeling in control can mitigate this connection.
Researchers are working on a new technique to synchronize cochlear implant signals, which will help people with implants to hear sounds more realistically. The goal is to make this method work outside the lab, but it remains a challenge from an engineering point of view.
A new study found that children with greater parent-child communication have better brain connectivity, leading to lower harmful alcohol use and emotional eating in young adulthood. The research highlights the importance of parenting skills in childhood for long-term brain development and health behaviors.
Researchers found that topical treatment with live Roseomonas mucosa was safe and associated with reduced disease severity in adults and children with eczema. The study's findings support further evaluation of this potential new therapy for atopic dermatitis, a condition linked to increased risks of asthma, hay fever, and food allergy.
A new study by MIT researchers found that children can learn grammar up to age 17 or 18, while adults struggle to achieve native speaker-level proficiency unless they start learning before age 10. The study analyzed data from nearly 670,000 people and suggests a longer critical period for language learning.
Thoughtfully designed content can facilitate parent-child interactions and promote beneficial play, while poorly designed apps can hinder development. Researchers recommend incorporating parental roles and decision-making options into app design.
A massive study of nearly 700,000 English speakers reveals that the optimal years to learn a second language is open until the age of 17.4, challenging standard theoretical accounts of language learning. This finding has significant implications for neuroscience, linguistics, developmental psychology, and public policy.
A new NYU Steinhardt School study reveals that providing free children's books in low-income neighborhoods combined with supportive adults enhances literacy skills and learning opportunities. The innovative book distribution program, funded by JetBlue, distributed over 64,000 books to more than 26,000 unique users.
Researchers found that children's muscles are more fatigue-resistant and recover faster than those of untrained adults and even well-trained endurance athletes. This discovery may lead to better understanding of how our bodies change from childhood to adulthood and inform the development of athletic potential in children.
Adolescents with strong cooking skills tend to eat more vegetables, have family meals, and prepare healthy meals at home. A new study found that these skills are linked to better nutrition outcomes in adulthood. Developing cooking skills early may provide long-term benefits for health and nutrition.
Researchers found that observing others' helping behavior enhances infants' prosocial development, particularly when adults model helpful behaviors. The study suggests that having prosocial role models plays a crucial role in shaping young children's helping habits.
A study published in the Endocrine Society's Journal of the Endocrine Society finds higher rates of type 1 diabetes in areas with a high proportion of fast food restaurants and convenience stores. The research suggests that an adverse food environment may contribute to the development of type 1 diabetes, particularly among adults.