Research on adult health and behavior. Covers suicide risk, regulated psilocybin, alcohol and cannabis use, and family and life choices.
A recent study by MU researcher Nancy Cheak-Zamora found that many young adults with autism struggle to achieve independence due to a disconnect between caregiver support and individual efforts. The research recommends shifting the perception towards strengths and skill sets, providing opportunities for mastery of tasks like cooking an...
Recent colorectal cancer screening rates more than doubled among people ages 45 to 49, a trend unique to this age group. The increase in screening was attributed to the release of updated American Cancer Society guidelines recommending screening in that age range.
Men born small for gestational age have a 55% increased risk of infertility as adults, compared to those born within the normal weight range. The study found no link between gestational age and infertility in women.
Researchers estimate that up to 43% of antibiotic prescriptions in the US are potentially inappropriate, highlighting the importance of proper documentation. The study found that patients with chronic conditions and those who spent more time with a physician were more likely to receive antibiotics without an indication.
Research reveals that narcissistic traits decline over time and with age, while high aspirations increase, as individuals form new relationships and experiences shape their perspective.
Researchers at Cornell University found a negative relationship between the temperature during tree swallows' development and their hormonal response to stressors as adults. This phenomenon could help explain how changing environments are impacting many different species.
A study by University of Wisconsin-Madison researchers found that a new flu drug, baloxavir, can drive drug resistance in H3N2 and H1N1 influenza viruses. The mutation occurred in nearly 23% of patients treated with the medication, but did not appear to affect its effectiveness against other virus-fighting drugs.
A systematic review by King's College London found evidence that chewing sugar-free gum can reduce the advancement of dental caries and could be used as a preventative agent. The review identified 12 studies exploring the impact of chewing sugar-free gum on oral health, with a preventative factor of 28%.
Researchers studied six adults with childhood hemispherectomy and found that the remaining half of the brain formed unusually strong connections between different functional brain networks. This compensation potentially helps the body function as if the brain were intact.
A survey of 1,019 adults aged 50 to 64 found that 48.5% perceived a high risk of developing dementia during their lifetime. Only a few participants discussed potential ways to reduce dementia risk with their physician.
The proportion of adults who tried to lose weight increased from 1999 to 2016. Despite this surge, observational study findings suggest the results may not be reliable due to limitations in self-reported data. Commonly reported weight-loss strategies included eating less food, exercising, and drinking more water.
Researchers investigated the effect of vitamin D and omega-3 supplements on chronic kidney disease (CKD) development or progression in adults with type 2 diabetes. The study found no significant difference in CKD progression between supplementation groups.
Researchers observed a sex difference in how women and men respond to circadian disruption. Women experienced decreased satiety hormones, leading to reduced fullness, while men showed increased cravings for energy-dense foods.
A new IIASA study found that childhood socioeconomic conditions play a significant role in determining health satisfaction in adults. The study's results indicate that policies to mitigate early disadvantages are crucial for improving health outcomes.
A new study reveals that young adult women with a history of childhood maltreatment experience higher levels of pain and more frequent episodes of pain compared to their non-abused peers. The researchers suggest that addressing stress symptoms and poor coping mechanisms may help reduce the impact of childhood abuse on young adult health.
A study found that mothers have a positive influence on adult children's health, while fathers are often seen as 'cautionary tales' about poor health behaviors. Mothers tend to be supportive and available when needed, whereas fathers may encourage unhealthy habits.
New research from King's College London and The Open University discovered that old age affects memory modification by altering synaptic connections. This 'fixed' nature of memories formed in old age has implications for conditions like PTSD.
A recent study published in The BMJ found that weight gain from young adulthood to middle age increases the risk of premature death. Maintaining a normal weight throughout adulthood is crucial for reducing this risk, especially preventing weight gain during early adulthood.
The Center for the Urban Child and Healthy Family at Boston Medical Center has been selected for a national demonstration project to develop innovative, person-centered strategies for adults and children with complex health and social needs. The program aims to improve health outcomes and foster health equity by integrating care services.
A multi-national study reveals that children of normal weight who later become severely obese are often girls or from black populations, highlighting the need for tailored monitoring and prevention efforts. The study provides a predictive tool for doctors to focus intervention on high-risk individuals.
Researchers at Kyoto University analyzed data from over 1,000 captive chimpanzees in Japan, revealing an average life expectancy of 40 years for adults, with males reaching 41.5 years and females 39.2 years on average. The study highlights the importance of providing long-term care to these intelligent, long-lived creatures.
A new study found that children who were lied to by their parents in childhood were more likely to engage in dishonest behavior as adults. These children also experienced greater difficulty adjusting to adult challenges, such as guilt, shame, and selfish behavior.
Only half of patients with sinus, throat, ear infections received recommended first-line antibiotics, a rate below industry standard. Retail clinics and emergency departments had higher rates, while urgent care centers lagged.
A recent study published in Economics and Human Biology suggests that the current obesity epidemic in adults may have been caused by excessive sugar consumption in childhood. The researchers modeled the increase in US adult obesity rates since the 1990s as a legacy of increased excess sugar consumption measured among children in the 19...
New research from the University of Georgia finds that preschool children develop biases towards entire groups after being exposed to biased nonverbal signals. The study suggests that this process can occur as early as early childhood, prior to first grade, and may be an important mechanism for transmitting group biases within culture.
A study found that a single dose of yellow fever vaccine may not offer lasting protection to all children, with levels of protective antibodies decreasing substantially over time. The research suggests that booster shots may be necessary for young children, and maintaining immunity is crucial for preventing epidemics.
Researchers identified early metabolic features that can predict susceptibility to type 2 diabetes in children, including low HDL cholesterol and chronic inflammation. These findings may help prevent young people from developing the disease.
Researchers found a significant correlation between financial challenges and early ageing, using data from 5500 middle-aged persons. The study suggests that poor finances can lead to premature ageing, with effects on physical capability and cognitive function.
Research tracks narcissism from young adulthood to middle age, finding that certain personality traits, such as vanity and entitlement, are associated with negative outcomes. However, most people experience a decline in narcissism over time, particularly those who enter into serious relationships or have children.
A new study is testing a text-delivered counseling program for young adults with cannabis use disorder. The program, called PNC-txt, aims to reduce heavy cannabis use and improve relationship and memory problems among participants.
A new US study found that preschool-age children's persistence in the face of challenges is influenced by adults' actions, successes, and failures. When adults succeed at a task, speaking about the value of effort encourages persistence in children. Conversely, failure can discourage children from persisting.
Researchers found a significant connection between positive childhood experiences and adult respondents' mental and emotional health. Those reporting six to seven positive childhood experiences had 72% lower odds of depression or poor mental health days compared to those with zero to two.
A study in Wisconsin adults found a positive correlation between childhood experiences of belonging, protection, and self-expression with reduced rates of depression and improved mental health. The research suggests that these early life experiences can have lasting effects on mental and relational well-being.
A new study published in Science Advances found that genetic factors influencing adult obesity start to take effect in early childhood, around the age of 4-7 years old. Researchers discovered that nearly 100 genetic variants associated with adult BMI begin to play a role during this critical stage of development.
A recent study published in Nature Communications found that assisted reproduction technology has a temporary effect on babies' genes, which are largely corrected by adulthood. The study examined the epigenetic changes caused by fertility treatments and found that they resolve by adulthood.
A new study finds that adults with cerebral palsy are 75% more likely to develop a non-infectious disease, such as asthma or stroke. Patients with cerebral palsy were also found to be at higher risk for cardiovascular disease and chronic respiratory disease.
A new study by Cornell University reveals that growing up in disadvantaged neighborhoods increases the risk of obesity in adulthood, with teens facing a 29% higher chance. The research, which controlled for genes and parental stress, shows that neighborhood disadvantage can have a lasting impact on health.
Research from Duke University found that children of incarcerated parents are six times more likely to develop a substance use disorder as adults and nearly twice as likely to have diagnosable anxiety. These individuals also experience significant hurdles transitioning into adulthood.
This special issue in the Journal of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine highlights the importance of multidisciplinary care in managing cerebral palsy. The articles cover various topics, including scoliosis care, goal setting, exercise programs and nutritional care, to improve outcomes for individuals with CP.
A multi-national team of researchers found that higher levels of physical activity, regardless of intensity, are associated with a lower risk of early death. The study also shows that spending 9.5 hours or more sedentary daily increases the risk of death.
A Finnish study of over 2 million individuals reveals that mental disorders experienced in adolescence and early adulthood can have a lasting impact on employment. Individuals who were hospitalised for serious mental disorders before turning 25 had significantly poorer job prospects, with less than 10% employed after 25.
Researchers found that a drug used for Alzheimer's reversed brain inflammation and neuron damage in rats exposed to alcohol during adolescence. The study suggests that adolescent binge drinking can lead to subtle deficits in brain function, anxiety, and social behaviors.
A study published in Radiology found that ADHD medication methylphenidate affects the development of brain white matter in children, but not adults. The medication was associated with increased white matter fractional anisotropy in boys with ADHD, a measure thought to reflect nerve fiber density and myelination.
Researchers found that children can quickly adjust to changing circumstances and notice everything, while adults tend to selectively focus on important information. This difference in attention distribution may be an advantage for young children's learning abilities.
A new study by Northwestern University reveals sesame allergy is more common than previously known, affecting over 1.5 million individuals in the US. The study found that sesame is often a hidden ingredient in foods, increasing the risk of accidental ingestion.
Researchers at the University of Chichester developed a new method to assess complex simultaneous emotions in adolescents using an Analogue Emotion Scale. The study found that adolescents experience mixed emotions both simultaneously and sequentially, with different emotional pairs affecting their feelings.
A UCL-led study found that adding canned laughter to jokes increases their perceived funniness, while real laughter has a more significant effect. The research also discovered that autistic adults respond equally well to both types of laughter, suggesting comedy may be more accessible to individuals with autism.
A study found that fourth-year college students with good financial habits were more likely to see themselves as adults five years after graduating. Financial behaviors during this period continued to have a positive impact on emerging adults' adult identity formation, including lower symptoms of depression and higher relationship sati...
Researchers found baby eastern blue-tongue lizards learn at adult levels from a young age, outperforming their adults in cognitive tasks.
A meta-analysis of up to 4.4 million adult participants found that preterm birth is associated with lower rates of romantic relationships, sexual relations, and parenthood. This may be due to social withdrawal and low risk-taking in adolescence, but supportive interventions can help.
A new study from the University of East Anglia highlights the need for flexible services supporting young carers transitioning into adulthood. Young carers face challenges such as education and employment, relationships with partners, and maintaining boundaries with parents.
A study published in JAMA Network Open found a higher risk of cancer among children and young adults with congenital heart disease compared to the general population. The researchers analyzed national registry data from Sweden, assessing cancer incidence from birth to age 41.
Researchers identified a new developmental timing mechanism involving a long non-coding RNA in the microscopic roundworm C. elegans that controls the timing of sex-specific changes and behavior. The discovery provides insight into how genetic cues regulate the transition to adulthood in humans.
Researchers surveyed 3,077 US adults to predict the economic outcomes of hypothetical children from different family income levels. They found that individuals from higher-income backgrounds tend to be more optimistic about their children's economic prospects.
A substantial proportion of US adults reported recently having an eye exam, with 82% getting one in the past two years. Reasons for not getting an exam included lack of insurance or cost, while vision impairment may have limited survey participation.
A recent study found that kindergarteners with attention problems tend to earn less as adults. Additionally, kindergarten ratings of aggression and opposition were also associated with lower earnings only for boys in the study.
The USPSTF updates its 2013 recommendation to screen for HIV infection in all ages with increased risk; approximately 15% of people living with HIV are unaware of their infection, responsible for 40% of transmissions.
Expanding Medicaid eligibility was associated with lower cardiovascular mortality rates, particularly among adults aged 45-64. Counties in expansion states saw a significant reduction in cardiovascular deaths compared to non-expansion states.
A Rutgers study has found that facial bones in black adults maintain higher mineral density as they age, resulting in fewer changes to their facial structure. This difference can affect how plastic surgeons approach facial rejuvenation, with black individuals seeking cosmetic procedures double the amount of whites.
A recent study of 563 sexual assault cases in Massachusetts found striking similarities in the types of injuries and violence experienced by adult and adolescent victims. Teenage victims were more likely to experience violence, force, and choking, with significant increases in use of force as age increased.