Articles tagged with Adults
A new review of 30 studies on sugar-sweetened beverages confirms their association with overweight and obesity in children and adults. Countries are advised to implement policies to reduce SSB consumption, with examples from Mexico's successful tax policy and the UK's upcoming sugar tax.
A new study found that adolescents who experienced frequent psychosocial risks are more likely to engage in unsafe sexual behavior and report unprotected sex. The longitudinal study of 850 African-American students from age 14 to 32 revealed a higher risk of HIV infection for those with co-occurring psychological and social risk factors.
A new study from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill reveals that black and Hispanic young adults from disadvantaged childhoods face worse physical health risks despite completing college. College completion is linked to improved mental health, but not necessarily better physical health outcomes for minority individuals.
A new study reveals that teenagers are slower to learn about their peers' preferences due to underdeveloped brain regions. The fusiform cortex and medial prefrontal cortex, responsible for understanding mental states, show ongoing development during adolescence, which may explain these differences.
The new journal will publish evidence-based original articles, review articles, and analysis on various aspects of adult autism, including physical and mental health, research methodology, and policy change. The journal aims to provide authoritative insights and promote practice, systems, and policy changes for adults with ASD.
Researchers found that adults who experienced high stress in childhood have difficulty attending to cues that indicate a potential loss or punishment, leading to poor decision-making. This biological response may be linked to an underactive brain region responsible for processing risk and reward.
According to a new study, more than half of US children will have obesity as adults if current trends in child obesity continue. The study found that excess weight in childhood is predictive of adult obesity and that only children at a healthy weight have less than a 50% chance of having obesity as adults.
People born prematurely may experience impaired lung function due to smaller airways. Researchers measured lung function at rest and during exercise to estimate airway size, finding it was smaller in premature groups.
A new study found that US sugary beverage consumption is declining, but remains high among adolescents and young adults, especially those from black and Hispanic backgrounds. The researchers also noted a positive trend in water consumption among children and adults.
Children and young adults with diabetes are at increased risk of sudden cardiac death due to abnormalities in their blood vessels. The study found that these individuals were eight times more likely to die from any kind of heart disease compared to those without diabetes.
Adults with treated HIV experience cognitive decline and smaller brain volumes, but effective therapy may halt progression. Brain changes were observed even after two years of treatment, highlighting the importance of monitoring viral suppression in HIV patients.
A University of Idaho-led team found a way to stimulate the formation of new neural connections in the adult brain, which could help humans fend off memory loss and brain trauma. The study used genetic manipulation in mice to induce axon and dendrite outgrowth, leading to the formation of stable, functional connections.
Researchers analyzed audio clips from 143 adults to find individual language patterns related to gene expression and adversity; they discovered that these patterns better predicted adverse gene profiles than self-reported measures of anxiety and stress. This study provides a new link between spoken language and immune system regulation.
A new study at Oregon Health & Science University found that brain activity patterns are inherited, with heritable relationships demonstrated within five brain systems. This discovery may lead to personalized and targeted treatment approaches for conditions like ADHD and autism.
A new study by University of Michigan researchers links childhood spankings to depression, substance abuse and suicidal tendencies in adulthood. The study suggests that spanking should be considered an adverse childhood experience, similar to physical and emotional abuse.
A new study by Michigan Medicine found that less than 1 in 5 adults believe kids are physically healthier today compared to when they were growing up. Mental health issues are also a dominant factor in children's well-being, with only 15% of respondents believing the chances for good mental health have improved.
A new study by the American College of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology found that almost half of adult food allergies occur in adulthood, with shellfish allergy prevalence increasing by 44% among US adults. The risk of developing a food allergy to certain foods is higher among black, Asian, and Hispanic adults compared to whites.
Two new medications have been approved to treat mild, moderate, and severe eczema in both children and adults. Crisaborole reduces itching, redness, and swelling, while dupilumab targets the underlying cause through injection therapy. These treatments provide effective relief and improve quality of life for those affected by eczema.
A quarter of adults with problematic marijuana use have anxiety disorders in childhood and late adolescence. The study also found that some teens who abuse pot outgrow habit in adulthood. Childhood maltreatment and peer bullying were linked to an increased risk of chronic marijuana abuse, but not necessarily earlier use.
A recent study published in The Journals of Gerontology: Series A found that individuals who consumed more fruit, vegetables, and wholegrain cereals across their adult lives performed better in physical function tests at age 60-64. Improving diet quality throughout adulthood can have a significant beneficial effect on strength and phys...
Global childhood obesity rates have increased ten-fold over four decades, with 12-16 million overweight youth in Europe. Early intervention and comprehensive policies are crucial to address this complex disease, which has strong associations with adult mortality and morbidity.
A new study suggests that decreased bullying exposure and family problems during childhood and adolescence could help reduce adult mental illness in extremely low birth weight preemies. Early mental health support for these individuals and their parents may also be beneficial.
A new study found that early full-term births are associated with a higher risk of poor cardiorespiratory fitness during adolescence and young adulthood. The researchers also discovered that each week increase in gestational age is linked to a lower risk of poor respiratory fitness.
A study found that rats whose mothers ate a junk food diet during pregnancy had offspring that preferred fatty foods and showed altered brain reward circuitry into adulthood. A balanced diet in childhood seemed to reduce this preference, but did not eliminate it entirely.
Infants who observe adults pushing through failure are more likely to try again, a study found. Babies as young as 15 months old absorb abstract concepts about behavior by watching tenacious grown-ups.
A study by Jean M. Twenge and Heejung Park found that teenagers today are less likely to engage in adult activities such as working, driving, dating, drinking alcohol, and having sex compared to previous decades. The decline in these activities is observed across demographic groups and suggests a broad-based cultural shift.
Two studies funded by PCORI will compare strategies to improve care-management transitions for adolescent and young adults with sickle cell disease. The projects aim to reduce emergency department visits, hospital admissions, and improve quality of life among young adults with the condition.
A new study from North Carolina State University and the Union of Concerned Scientists found that SNAP benefits only cover 43-60% of the cost of a healthy diet. Lower-income households face significant challenges in affording a balanced diet. The study highlights the need for more affordable food options to support vulnerable populations.
Researchers found that bacterial exposure during larval development affects adult mosquito traits, including speed of development, size, immune activity, and susceptibility to dengue virus. This discovery highlights the importance of larval ecology in transmitting mosquito-borne pathogens.
A recent study published in HYPERTENSION journal reveals that lower childhood socioeconomic status is associated with increased arterial stiffness in adulthood. The research, conducted over 21 years, found that children from lower-income families were more likely to experience cardiovascular events as adults.
Children from unintended pregnancies experience more depressive symptoms in early adulthood, but the study's findings suggest a causal relationship is unlikely. The research highlights the importance of social resources and socioeconomic background in shaping a child's development.
A new study published in CMAJ found that sedentary time increases the risk of death for middle-aged and older people who are frail and inactive. However, this association was not observed among nonfrail adults who were inactive. The study suggests that physicians should stress the harms of inactivity with patients to encourage movement.
A study published in eNeuro found that young rats with access to a running wheel showed improved memory later in life. The results suggest that early life interventions that increase physical activity may help build up cognitive reserve, potentially delaying the onset of neurodegenerative disorders.
A USC-led study published in PNAS has revealed a molecular 'how to' guide for driving individual skin cells to self-organize into organoids that can produce hair. The researchers successfully stimulated adult organoids to continue their development and produce 40% more hair than newborn organoids.
New University of Warwick research found parents of very preterm and low birth weight babies have the same life satisfaction as parents of healthy term babies when their children reach adulthood. The study, which tracked lives for 27 years, showed that good mental health and peer relationships in childhood are key to high life quality.
Men with problem and pathological gambling addictions are more likely to have suffered childhood trauma, including physical abuse or witnessing violence in the home. The study found that nearly a quarter of those with probable pathological gambling problems had witnessed violence at home as a child.
A large-scale study of nearly 400 individuals from birth to adulthood found no increased risk of anxiety and mood disorders among those born very preterm or at low birth weight. Social support from romantic partners plays a crucial role in preventing mental health issues.
A Florida State University researcher has found a strong connection between an unstable childhood and a higher risk of obesity in adulthood. By applying the Life History Theory perspective, Jon Maner discovered that people with unpredictable childhoods tend to adopt a fast-life-history strategy, prioritizing short-term gratification ov...
A recent study published in Frontiers in Public Health found that up to 90% of adult males and 50% of children in the US may be overfat. The condition is linked to various health problems, including hypertension, coronary heart disease, and Type 2 diabetes.
Biologists found that disrupting the gut and skin bacterial communities of tadpoles later affects adult frogs' ability to fight parasitic gut worms. Preventing early-life disruptions might confer protection against diseases in adulthood, with potential applicability to understanding immune systems in mammals and humans.
A study published in JAMA found that weight gain from age 18 to 55 is associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and death. Weight gain as little as 11 pounds during this period can lead to increased risks of major chronic diseases.
Prevention of young adult obesity can significantly impact US rates of obesity and related diseases, costs, and premature death. Interventions targeting this age group may also reduce prevalence in children, making it an essential focus for reversing the epidemic.
A new study by Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health finds that cumulative weight gain over the course of early and middle adulthood may increase health risks later in life, including a higher risk of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and premature death. The study suggests that even moderate weight gain can ha...
A study found that underdevelopment of brain networks underlying inhibition in adults over 30 is linked to self-reported psychological problems such as anxiety and depression. The researchers identified patterns of connectivity associated with inhibition that differ between early and middle adulthood.
A study of 7,414 adults in England and Wales found that those with multiple Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) were more likely to use hospital emergency departments and require overnight hospital stays. Adults who experienced four or more ACEs showed substantially increased levels of healthcare use even as young adults.
A comprehensive review found that 63% of Americans have not completed an advance directive, with chronic illness and age being key factors. The study emphasizes the importance of completing these documents to ensure end-of-life care preferences are respected.
A study published in PNAS found that early environmental exposures predict DNA methylation of inflammatory genes, leading to increased inflammation and disease risk in adulthood. Nutritional, microbial, and psychosocial factors in infancy are associated with epigenetic changes that shape inflammation and health.
Researchers developed new dosing models for remifentanil, a synthetic opioid commonly used during surgery, to improve accuracy in administering the drug to children and obese patients. The models take into account factors such as fat-free mass, weight, age, and sex to provide more personalized therapy.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital found that restricting a key brain chemical, adenosine, helped adult mice learn from passive sound exposure, similar to young children. The study suggests extending the learning window in humans by targeting adenosine activity with drugs.
Adolescent weight gain has been linked to a long-term increased risk of stroke in adulthood, according to new research. Children who returned to a normal BMI by age 20 had no such increased risk.
A study found that hoarding symptoms are heritable and moderately stable between 15-18 years old, suggesting genetic effects play a significant role. The findings could help inform treatments development for young people experiencing hoarding symptoms, preventing potential progression into Hoarding Disorder as adults.
A new study found that low childhood socioeconomic status is associated with increased left ventricular mass and impaired diastolic function in adulthood. The findings suggest that addressing family environment in early life may be crucial for sustaining cardiovascular health later in life.
A study published in Respiratory Research reveals abnormal lung structure and function changes in mice exposed to second-hand smoke during gestation, leading to decreased lung function in adult offspring. The research suggests that in utero second-hand smoke exposure can predispose to adult lung diseases.
New research by the University of Warwick finds that individuals who spent their entire childhood with a single parent earn 30% less and are more likely to be unemployed. They also have lower levels of wellbeing and life satisfaction in adulthood, with 9% less likelihood of being in a romantic relationship.
A study analyzing self-reported data from over 53,000 respondents found that sleep chronotypes vary widely, peaking in lateness during adolescence. Chronotypes can differ up to 10 hours between individuals, suggesting tailored work schedules could minimize health risks.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that adults rely more on top-down processing when viewing Van Gogh's paintings, focusing on less noticeable features after hearing descriptions. In contrast, children initially focus on standout features before being influenced by prior knowledge, making their attention shift to more subtle details.
A new study found that adult marijuana use rose significantly in states with loosely regulated medical marijuana laws, particularly among adults over 26. The prevalence of cannabis use disorder remained largely unchanged. Further investigation is needed to understand the impact of regulation on marijuana use.
A Penn State researcher is leading a five-year project to investigate adolescent-specific changes in face processing during pubertal development. The study will test three groups of adolescents and young adults, exploring how facial processing changes influence behaviors and social relationships.
A new study reveals that 30% of the world's population is affected by weight problems, resulting in over 4 million deaths attributed to excess body weight. The study found that nearly 40% of these deaths occurred among people with a BMI below the threshold for obesity, highlighting the risks associated with being overweight or obese.
The ACR's updated clinical guideline provides recommendations for assessing fracture risk and treatment for adults and special patient populations. For all age groups, the panel strongly recommends optimizing calcium and vitamin D intake and implementing lifestyle modifications to prevent glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.