Articles tagged with Decision Making
Researchers found that patients with high functional status and lower frailty scores before valve replacement fared best after the procedure. After SAVR, three-quarters of patients experienced functional improvement, while among those who underwent TAVR, only 37% saw an improvement in functional status.
A computer-based decision aid did not alleviate symptoms of depression, anxiety, or post-traumatic stress for family caregivers making end-of-life decisions. The tool's recommendations were often disregarded in favor of more aggressive treatment options.
Researchers developed a machine learning algorithm to optimize lab test ordering in ICU patients, reducing testing by up to 44% and improving treatment timing. The approach aims to maximize patient rewards while minimizing costs and risks.
Researchers from the University of Zurich found that nudging's effectiveness depends on a person's underlying decision-making process. The study suggests that certain behavioral models can improve decisions through nudging, such as the limited attention model.
A new study published in Radiology suggests that personalized treatment plans can significantly extend the life expectancy of early-stage kidney cancer patients with risk factors for worsening kidney disease. The study used computer-based simulations to assess the impact of different treatment approaches and found that personalized str...
A new approach to collating and analyzing qualitative studies has led to the creation of tailored reporting guidance for meta-ethnography. This will give researchers and healthcare bosses greater confidence in findings, ultimately improving patient care and services.
Research from Michigan State University found a correlation between excessive social media use and impaired risky decision-making capabilities. Participants who struggled with poor decision-making on the Iowa Gambling Task also displayed more problematic social media use.
DJ Seo, a civil engineering professor at UTA, is working on a project to merge forecasts and metrics from multiple sources into a single, integrated forecast. This will provide emergency management officials with more accurate and understandable information to make informed decisions during major weather events.
A novel valuation method reveals that stock options granted to women and senior managers are worth more because they hold onto them longer. Options with less frequent vesting dates also cost companies significantly more.
A study by Ohio State University researchers found that people's gaze influences their choices when faced with two visible options. The researchers used eye-tracking technology to show that attention amplifies a person's desire for chosen items, particularly those already liked.
A new study published in BMJ found that primary care doctors need to work six more hours a day to provide recommended preventive care, including colonoscopy and lung cancer screening. The simulation model also reveals that this would lead to 17 out of every 100 doctors taking early retirement each year.
The new guidelines aim to support doctors in assessing and managing patients with dementia who drive. Key findings indicate that many people with dementia are safe to drive in the early stages, but making the decision to stop can be difficult.
A human neuroimaging and eye-tracking study found that the brain updates its preferences in real-time to choose between two equally attractive options, avoiding indecision like Buridan's donkey. This neural activity predicts how individuals reevaluate their choices.
A new study by Ohio State University found that utility customers rely on perception of cost savings rather than actual savings when deciding to participate in energy-conservation programs. The study involved 8,702 customers and showed that consumers who thought they were saving more were more likely to renew their programs.
Hunger increases risk-taking behavior in snails by altering brain control mechanisms, allowing them to ingest potentially harmful substances. The study's findings have major societal relevance, highlighting the importance of motivation in controlling feeding behavior.
A groundbreaking study by LSU researchers found that the loss of local media leads to a decrease in split ticket voting by 1.9%, as voters turn to partisan national news for information. This shift results in voters making more party-based decisions rather than considering candidate platforms.
A Columbia University study found that the brain automatically preserves memories of high-reward events and filters out inconsequential ones. This process occurs immediately after a reward is received, with a longer overnight window including sleep also playing a role.
Researchers pinpointed the anterior cingulate cortex as the brain region responsible for integrating disparate information to inform 'on-the-fly' decision-making. Activity in this region was associated with combining quality and quantity, while other areas linked to interaction between these factors were also activated.
A new 'buddy system' of nursing education has been found to improve student learning and confidence by promoting collaborative decision-making. The 'Two Heads Are Better than One' method involves two students working together as one nurse, forcing them to prioritize and make clinical decisions, resulting in less anxiety and more robust...
A recent study using computer vision technology reveals how diverse fish species make decisions when fleeing from predators. The researchers found that neural circuits previously identified in lab animals are also present in wild fish shoals, governing escape decision-making.
A new study from the University of Copenhagen found that parents consider naturalness a benchmark for consumer choice, driven by concerns over health and protection. This preference is rooted in the increased responsibility felt by parents to make informed decisions about their children's well-being in a knowledge society.
Lisa Giocomo and Christopher Harvey, recognized for their novel insights into spatial perception and synaptic specificity of neural plasticity, have made strides in bridging molecular processes with cognitive function. Their work has the potential to provide new applications of tools and techniques in systems neuroscience.
The use of stroke-preventing anticoagulants in Canada is hindered by barriers including perceived cost, lack of funding approval and physician skepticism. Despite the benefits of these medications, many patients with atrial fibrillation remain undertreated, resulting in preventable strokes.
A University of Pittsburgh researcher is using video games to test and improve artificial intelligence algorithms. The goal is to create AIs that can learn from their mistakes in complex, uncertain environments. By analyzing gameplay data, the algorithm can refine its strategies for optimal decision-making.
Gene editing technology poses risks and benefits for ecosystems, human health, and community values. A proposed international oversight panel aims to address these concerns through inclusive deliberations and standardized reports.
Financial concerns impact 4% of ICU patients, with changes in discharge plans, treatment plans, and medication regimens linked to economic constraints.
A new paper urges creation of a coordinating global body to assure neutral evaluation of gene editing's benefits and risks. The technologies have breathtaking promise but also profound concerns about unintended consequences, requiring careful review and inclusion of local communities.
A new Duke study reveals that mock jurors' confidence in guilt increases with the severity of the alleged crime, regardless of evidence. The study found that DNA and non-DNA physical evidence have a significant impact on jurors' decisions, while prior convictions have less effect.
A laboratory study of over 100 healthy adults found that pairing larger wins with sensory cues increased participants' preference for high-risk decisions. The researchers also observed greater pupil dilation in subjects who were more aroused when winning outcomes were paired with sensory cues.
A study by CNRS and researchers gathered 40 million moral dilemma responses from web users worldwide. The data revealed global moral preferences guiding decision makers, prioritizing human lives over animals, saving the largest number of lives, and protecting the youngest over older people.
A study suggests that hotel reviewers may be too trusting of reviews that conform to their preconceived ideas, and that those that contradict expectations require closer scrutiny. The researchers also found that reviews with attractive titles are more likely to be relied upon for decision-making.
Researchers found that using priming can lead to significant changes in competitive behavior among both men and women. The study revealed that when men were primed to exert influence, they became more cautious, while women became more confident. This breakthrough has implications for education and professional training.
The ESMO 2018 Congress emphasizes the importance of integrating scientific advances into sustainable treatments, ensuring optimal cancer care reaches those who need it. Research highlights variations in European countries' approval times for new cancer drugs, emphasizing the need for timely reimbursement decisions.
Researchers at NIMS Japan developed an ionic device that can make decisions quickly and adapt to changing situations without relying on computer memory. The technology has the potential to develop novel AI systems processing analog information using hardware, addressing issues with current digital-based systems.
Researchers analyzed over 500,000 mouse decisions to identify a brain region supporting a decision-making strategy similar to nonhuman primates. This discovery paves the way for manipulating this circuit using advanced techniques.
A new study published in Nature Ecology & Evolution found that female Trinidadian guppies can differentiate between attractive and dull males, regardless of brain size. Larger-brained fish showed different patterns of activity in decision-making brain regions when evaluating attractive or unattractive males.
Researchers applied job search theoretical models to study hunters' decision-making, identifying optimal stopping points and dietary trait thresholds to manage hunting pressure. The model could be used to infer changes in harvested prey communities and evaluate the efficacy of hunting regulations.
A study by the University of Zurich found that even small gifts can significantly increase sales, particularly when given to the boss. In a controlled experiment, sales representatives gave customers six tubes of toothpaste worth around 10 francs, leading to orders almost twice as high.
The Endocrine Society's Clinical Practice Guideline provides recommendations for promptly diagnosing and treating CAH throughout a patient's life. It emphasizes shared decision-making among patients, families, and healthcare professionals for the management of the disorder.
Research from INSEAD reveals that perceiving oneself as busy can boost self-control and lead to healthier decisions, such as exercising or saving for retirement.
A study by McGill University found that confidence in speech can overcome accent bias, making accented speakers equally believable to native speakers. The researchers discovered different brain regions are activated when evaluating speech from within and outside groups.
Researchers developed a decision-making framework addressing water scarcity under climate change, explicitly considering uncertainties. The framework provides guidelines for policy options and helps policymakers make informed decisions on investments and interventions.
Researchers found that people display confirmation bias when judging the direction of moving dots and the average of a series of numbers. This bias is linked to selective attention, where people prioritize information consistent with their initial choice.
Young footballers would benefit from more time learning to read the field and less on ball skills. Research suggests scanning should be taught alongside technical and tactical skills to improve awareness, decision-making, and technical actions. Coaches with higher qualifications and experience tend to prioritize scanning.
A study published by the American Psychological Association suggests that focusing on feelings instead of logic in decision-making leads to increased attitude certainty and stronger advocacy for chosen options. This approach can also change behavior, as seen in experiments where participants who made intuitive decisions shared their ch...
A recent study by US Army Research Laboratory scientist Dr. James Schaffer and his collaborators found that users' subjective satisfaction with their decisions is strongly influenced by their cognitive state and traits, not just the system's user experience.
A study by Northwestern University researchers explored the attitudes and beliefs of Chinese immigrant women regarding their children's and spouse's involvement in their health and healthcare. The findings suggest opportunities for culturally tailored interventions to improve these women's health outcomes.
The study aims to improve commander-Soldier interaction, especially in resource-constrained situations. Main findings indicate the use of trust improves the commander's utility, and a cognitive-inspired framework shows adaptivity and ability to accommodate different follower needs.
A team of scientists at NYU has discovered a neural connection between altered sensory responses and decision-making. This finding sheds light on the processing of optical illusions, suggesting a synergistic relationship between perception and behavior.
A study of older adults with multiple chronic health conditions and their caregivers revealed key findings about supportive and conflicted caregiver-care recipient relationships. Supportive behaviors included agreement on caregiving levels, mutual understanding, and collaborative decision-making. Conflicts arose from disagreements over...
Researchers designed video games to enhance heuristic judgment in emergency medicine physicians. The intervention improved accuracy in trauma triage decisions, with participants who used the games showing a 17-18 point lower under-triage rate compared to those receiving no intervention.
Faster countdowns have been found to increase patience in video game players, even after the game is over. The study suggests that a quicker countdown creates a sense of time passing more quickly, reducing impatience and encouraging more deliberate decision-making.
A recent study found that on-again, off-again relationships are associated with higher rates of abuse, poorer communication, and lower levels of commitment. Researchers suggest that partners who regularly break up and get back together should re-examine their relationship dynamics to prioritize their well-being.
Researchers found that parrots make deliberate, profit-maximizing decisions, prioritizing higher-value food over immediate rewards. However, individual motivation plays a role, with some birds valuing the token itself over economic gain.
Researchers found that gift givers tend to choose gifts based on anticipated emotional responses, rather than long-term satisfaction. In studies involving real and imaginary gift-giving decisions, participants preferred personalized gifts that would elicit stronger emotional reactions.
A study from Columbia University neuroscientists found that the human brain employs precise logic to decision-making, allowing prior knowledge to be updated based on new evidence. Participants learned to recognize and incorporate bias in a statistically optimal manner without confirmation bias.
A study by researchers from the University of North Carolina Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center found that doctor-patient discussions about lung cancer screening are often brief and one-sided, failing to address potential harms. The conversation quality was rated as poor, with only a few minutes spent discussing the issue on average.
A new study from the University of Portsmouth suggests that implicit practice methods can help football players improve their penalty kick accuracy. The research found that using these methods, which encourage independent decision-making, results in higher kicking accuracy compared to explicit training methods.
Researchers at MIT found that stimulating the caudate nucleus, a brain region linked to emotional decision-making, induces animals to make more negative decisions. The study suggests that this type of pessimistic thinking could influence approach-avoidance decision-making and may be related to depression and anxiety.
A new UCLA psychology study found that young adults are more likely to choose their parents over their closest friends when faced with a decision. The study involved 174 participants aged 18-30 and showed that the bias toward parents occurred regardless of age or gender.