Articles tagged with Memory Disorders
A new study from Northwestern University finds that sound wave stimulation synchronized to brain waves triples memory scores in older adults and enhances deep sleep. The technique, which uses real-time brain wave analysis, shows promise as a non-meditation approach to improving brain health.
A recent review highlights cannabidiol's effects on fear and drug memory processes, suggesting its potential as a treatment for anxiety-related and substance abuse disorders. Cannabidiol is not linked to the cannabis 'high' and may alleviate symptoms without unwanted side effects.
Scientists discovered specific brain signals associated with fearful experiences in rat brains, allowing them to predict location-based avoidance. The study suggests a potential mechanism for understanding memory loss in Alzheimer's disease.
AVN-322 is a highly selective 5-HT6R antagonist that displays high binding affinity to the receptor and potency in blocking functional cell responses. In preclinical studies, AVN-322 showed improved cognition-enhancing effects and demonstrated antipsychotic potential.
A team of scientists led by Anandasankar Ray have identified Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor 6 (HDAC6) as a regulator of learning in fruit flies. The enzyme acts like a 'dimmer switch' to increase or decrease signal across synapses, and its role in healthy neurons is less understood.
A pilot study conducted by the University of California, Los Angeles, has shown that consuming grapes twice a day for six months can prevent metabolic decline in Alzheimer-related areas of the brain. Participants who followed a grape-enriched diet demonstrated improved attention and memory performance compared to those on a placebo diet.
A new study by Temple University researchers links glucose deprivation in the brain to cognitive decline and memory impairment in Alzheimer's disease. The study identified p38 as a potential drug target, which could alleviate memory impairments caused by glucose deprivation.
Researchers found that myokines enhance human cognitive function, plan to use this feature to correct conditions such as autism and memory disorders without medication. They conducted comprehensive studies involving volunteers and animals, including mice, to investigate the production of myokines.
Researchers identified specific neural pathways controlling temporal and spatial aspects of episodic memory in rats, revealing the brain's intricate communication between regions.
Scientists at Northwestern University used non-invasive brain stimulation to target specific memory networks, enhancing spatial precision and retention. The treatment showed lasting benefits of up to 24 hours, outperforming previous studies on short-lived effects.
Researchers have found that women's mental sharpness starts to decline as early as their 50s, with an average decline of 5% over 10 years. Cognitive processing speed and verbal memory also show significant declines, highlighting the importance of menopause transition in understanding cognitive changes.
Researchers found that older, fitter adults outperformed younger counterparts in memory tasks, with increased brain activity observed in regions typically declining with age. This suggests that cardiorespiratory fitness may contribute to brain maintenance and serve a compensatory role in age-related memory decline.
Researchers used mouse models to show that chicoric acid mitigates lipopolysaccharide-induced amyloidogenesis and memory impairment by inhibiting the NFκB signal pathway. Chicoric acid supplementation might be a plausible therapeutic intervention for neuroinflammation-related diseases.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins found that alcohol strengthens emotional memories associated with fearful experiences and prevents mice from pushing aside their fears. The study identified the molecular mechanism responsible for alcohol-related fear relapses and used a drug to reverse its effects.
Rutgers scientists have discovered a protein (CRTC1) that enhances memory by controlling gene expression in the hippocampus, a brain area responsible for learning and memory. The research found that mice with higher CRTC1 activity had better long-term memory and exhibited stronger gene transcription.
A new study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that a high-cholesterol diet or frequent consumption of eggs do not increase the risk of memory disorders. In fact, egg consumption was associated with better cognitive performance in certain tests.
A low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet has been shown to alleviate symptoms of a rare inherited intellectual disability in mice genetically engineered with a Kabuki syndrome-like condition. The study suggests that correcting an imbalance in chromatin's open and closed states may improve mental function, offering new hope for treatment.
A study by the University of Zurich found that sleep after a traumatic event can significantly reduce recurring emotional memories and distress. This non-invasive approach may provide an important early prevention strategy for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
Researchers found that moderate exercise improved spatial memory impairments in type 2 diabetic rats, possibly due to increased lactate levels and normalization of glycogen levels. Exercise also normalized MCT2 expression, which may be a key mechanism underlying the improved memory function.
A recent study published in Neuron found that deep brain stimulation did not improve memory performance, with a range of impairment from 5% to 20%. However, the researchers suggest that a different stimulation protocol may be necessary to boost memory.
Researchers found stressed individuals who used 'retrieval practice' technique outperformed non-stressed individuals, regardless of whether they restedudied or not. The study suggests that effective learning strategies can build stress-resistant memories, contradicting the common notion that stress impairs memory retrieval.
A new study led by Indiana University researcher Susan Pressler will examine the impact of computerized cognitive training exercises on heart failure patients with memory loss. The study aims to determine if brain training programs, such as BrainHQ, can improve memory and quality of life for these patients.
Researchers found that cannabinoids inhibit neurotransmitter release and reduce mitochondrial energy, leading to memory loss. The study suggests a new therapeutic approach by targeting specific CB1 receptors in the brain.
Researchers found specific changes in memory function that correspond to sex and menopausal stage, implicating key areas of the brain vulnerable to age-related decline. Hormone measurements revealed higher estradiol levels correlate with better memory performance in women.
A new study published in Neurology found that people with thinking and memory problems who lack shrinkage in the hippocampus area of the brain are more likely to develop dementia with Lewy bodies. This finding could help doctors identify patients at risk for the disease and provide early treatment.
Researchers at Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research used precise genetic tools to track neurophysiological deficits resulting from Rett Syndrome. They found that recombinant human Insulin Like Growth Factor 1 (rhIGF1) and bumetanide can reverse such deficits in a cell-type specific manner.
Depression affects the lateral orbitofrontal cortex, leading to feelings of loss and disappointment. Reduced connectivity between reward and memory systems may also contribute to negative thoughts. The study provides new insights into depression's root cause, potentially leading to breakthroughs in treatment.
Dr. Erica Weber at Kessler Foundation has received a $70,000 Merit Award to fund her research on strategies to improve prospective memory in individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Her work aims to help people with TBI remember to perform tasks in the future using self-generation techniques.
Researchers found that the cutting of tau by caspase-2 may play a critical role in the disordered brain circuit function of tauopathies. Blocking caspase-2 activity restored some learning and memory deficits in animal models, suggesting reversible cognitive loss.
Researchers found that administering spermidine can prevent age-induced memory impairment by stopping synapses from narrowing their operational space. This study provides a new lead for treating age-associated dementia.
Researchers at Harvard Medical School found that selectively overexpressing a transcription factor, Klf9, in older neurons increased the survival of new neurons and improved pattern separation. This led to more precise and stronger memories in mice with increased neurogenesis, particularly in middle age and aging.
A study found that caffeine and its analogues restore memory deficits by addressing abnormal stress response mechanisms in the brain. Researchers normalized aging-like profiles in rats, reversing memory impairments linked to increased stress hormones.
Scientists have identified the β2 subunit of nicotinic receptors as a direct target of soluble amyloid beta peptide, which builds up in the brain and leads to Alzheimer's disease. Blocking this receptor prevents memory loss and cognitive decline in mouse models.
Researchers found that blocking calcium entry into mitochondria impaired memory, but allowed for learning in fruit flies. The study suggests a developmental role for mitochondrial calcium uniporter complex in regulating adult memory.
Researchers at Uppsala University have shown that disrupting fear-memories can improve exposure therapy for arachnophobia. This method, known as reconsolidation disruption, makes the memory unstable and then saves it in a weakened form.
Researchers at the University of Nottingham found that faulty inhibitory neurotransmission and excessive activity in the hippocampus impair memory and attention. The study highlights the importance of well-balanced neural activity within brain regions, suggesting that both too much and too little activity can cause impairments.
Researchers discover that five hours of sleep deprivation leads to a loss of connectivity between neurons in the hippocampus, a region associated with learning and memory. However, blocking the protein cofilin and allowing recovery sleep restores neuronal connections and improves memory processes.
Research reveals that a brief period of stress can cause the hippocampus to start shrinking, which precedes the onset of memory loss. The study found that stressed rats performed poorly in memory tests compared to unstressed rats, with individual differences in brain shrinkage predicting worse performance.
Researchers found that older adults with memory deficits selectively recalled positive information, while high-performers retained neutral material. The test could potentially detect Alzheimer's susceptibility in early stages.
Researchers found that a Western diet impairs the ability to inhibit memories of palatable foods, making it harder to resist treats even when full. This link between dietary habits and brain function could explain why some people develop persistent desires for snacks leading to obesity.
New studies suggest functional brain scans can help predict recovery and guide treatment for stroke patients. The severity of a person's disability correlates with the extent of disruption to their brain's communication networks, which are not measured by most brain scans.
A new study by Northwestern University finds that moderate-to-vigorous physical activity is associated with improved subjective memory in breast cancer survivors. Higher levels of physical activity are linked to lower distress, less fatigue, and higher self-confidence, which in turn aids memory.
Researchers found that a genetic risk score was associated with worse memory and smaller hippocampus volume in healthy younger participants. A higher polygenic risk score was linked to greater longitudinal memory and executive function decline and clinical progression of the disease.
Scientists have successfully erased unpleasant memories in mice by switching off a single gene. The study reveals that deactivating neuroplastin, a key player in brain plasticity, impairs learning and memory processes. This breakthrough has potential implications for treating memory disorders such as dementia and schizophrenia.
A European study led by Umea University Professor Lars Nyberg found a positive link between the dopamine D2 receptor and long-term episodic memory, which often declines with age. The research suggests that impairment of the dopamine system may play a crucial role in understanding age-related cognitive decline.
A woman with amnesia, Lonni Sue Johnson, surprisingly retains detailed knowledge of skills she once performed well in, such as art and flying, despite losing memories of facts about her life. Researchers at Johns Hopkins University find that skill-related memory can be spared even with severe losses in other kinds of knowledge.
West Nile virus causes memory loss and mood disorders by sparking inflammation that prunes synapses, the connections between nerve cells. Researchers have identified potential new treatments for the mosquito-borne illness.
Researchers identified that West Nile virus may cause long-term neurological problems like memory loss by over-activating the immune system in the brain. The study suggests that intervening in this immune response may help prevent brain damage or aid recovery.
A novel research program investigates the evolution of traumatic memories in individuals and collective memory after the Paris attacks. The study collects and analyzes testimonies from 1000 volunteers, with a focus on predicting post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and recovery rates through biomedical markers.
Researchers at UCLA discovered that people with Parkinson's disease have impaired decision-making, particularly when sensory information is weak. This finding suggests that the neurological factors underlying Parkinson's may be more complex than previously thought and could lead to earlier detection strategies.
A groundbreaking study shows unprecedented improvements in 10 patients with early Alzheimer's disease or precursors following treatment with a personalized, 36-point therapeutic program. Patients who were struggling with memory loss returned to work and improved their performance after just 10 months on the protocol.
Despite medical community's understanding of brain function, the double-trauma amnesia cure belief persisted due to anecdotal evidence and flawed theories. A French scientist named Francois Xavier Bichat proposed the idea that a second blow could restore memories in the late 18th century, but his claims were not backed by specific cases.
Researchers uncover Scribble protein's role in orchestrating intracellular signaling processes for forgetting, which could lead to selective memory removal or inhibition of Alzheimer's disease progression. The study uses Drosophila fruit flies as a model, showing that reducing Scribble expression enhances memory retention.
A new study using optogenetics has increased long-term memory in mice with fear disorders, such as phobias and post-traumatic stress disorder. The technique, tested in two mouse populations, improved memory recall and reduced fear responses, offering potential therapeutic targets for these conditions.
A study published in Neurology found that eating seafood at least once a week can help mitigate age-related cognitive decline. Participants who consumed more seafood showed slower rates of decline in semantic memory and perceptual speed, while those with the APOE-ε4 gene showed an even stronger protective association.
Research at Gladstone Institutes found that the apoE4 protein disrupts brain activity in mice, impairing memory replay and consolidation. The study suggests that disrupted slow gamma activity during ripples is a major consequence of apoE4 expression, likely leading to impaired memory loss.
A study from Kings College London and Oxford University found that training in concrete processing can reduce PTSD symptoms by altering the way people think about traumatic memories. Concrete processing involves focusing on how a situation is unfolding, whereas abstract processing involves analyzing why something is happening.
A Johns Hopkins study found that men with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder have a higher rate of yeast infections than those without these disorders. Women with schizophrenia also performed worse on memory tests after testing positive for yeast infections.
A team of scientists from the Scripps Research Institute is studying the role of microRNAs in memory, sleep and synapse function. The five-year study will use Drosophila fruit flies to answer key questions about microRNA mechanisms in the brain.
A University of Wisconsin-Madison researcher has used an experimental drug to reverse damage from the mutation that causes fragile X syndrome in mice. The treatment, Nutlin-3, blocks a chain reaction that leads to memory deficits and neural stem cell formation issues.