Articles tagged with Memory Disorders
Researchers discovered that a neurotransmitter called GABA plays a crucial role in inhibiting unwanted thoughts, particularly in individuals with disorders such as schizophrenia and anxiety. The study found that higher GABA concentrations in the hippocampus are associated with better thought suppression abilities.
Researchers at NUS found that the brain changes the activity of neurons when distracted, but retains information by reorganizing the 'code' used to store it. This discovery could inspire novel artificial neural network architectures and improve our understanding of brain function.
Researchers found that variability in the medial temporal lobe's subfields is associated with differences in associative memory performance among older adults. The study's findings could help unravel age-related memory impairment by highlighting individual differences in brain structure and function.
Research reveals that wounds heal more than twice as fast in skin with prior inflammatory experience, thanks to sensitized stem cells. These cells remain active long after the initial inflammation has subsided and are better equipped to migrate into the wound.
Researchers discover how seizures trigger cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease through increased levels of the protein deltaFosB, leading to suppressed production of calbindin and disrupted brain activity. Further studies support the findings, showing potential new strategies for reducing cognitive deficits.
The Canadian Foundation for Innovation provides a $1.8 million grant to Baycrest's Rotman Research Institute (RRI) to upgrade its MRI and MEG machines, enabling researchers to pursue unique ways to protect brain health during aging and prevent dementia.
A new CAMH study found that people unaware of their memory loss are more likely to progress to Alzheimer's disease. Those aware of memory problems are unlikely to develop dementia. The study used PET brain scans to identify specific brain regions affected in impaired illness awareness.
Researchers discovered that activity in dendrites increases during sleep, linked to specific brain waves associated with memory formation. This study could lead to new treatments for learning and memory disorders, such as dementia.
Researchers will combine personalized music choices with Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) to improve memory among patients with MCI. The study aims to strengthen the brain pathway used by music to activate memories and slow down memory decline.
A new study by USC researchers suggests that the TOMM40 gene, neighboring ApoE4 on chromosome 19, has a significant influence on late-life development of dementia and Alzheimer's. The research found that a TOMM40 variant was more influential than ApoE4 in decline of immediate memory.
A ketogenic diet improved memory in aging mice and increased their chances of surviving to old age. The study suggests that the health benefits of BHB may go beyond memory and could affect tissues and organ systems.
A new study in mice has found that disruptions to the brain's center for spatial navigation, known as internal GPS, result in severe memory deficits seen in schizophrenia. This discovery offers promising avenues for drug intervention and treatment, targeting a near-universal symptom of the disorder.
A decline in navigational skills could be an early sign of Alzheimer's disease, according to researchers. Researchers are exploring the possibility of using navigational impairments as a diagnostic tool for neurodegenerative diseases.
A study led by Columbia University Medical Center researchers found that boosting blood levels of osteocalcin reverses age-related memory loss in mice. Osteocalcin binds to a receptor called Gpr158 in the brain's memory center, and restoring youthful levels of the hormone improves cognitive function.
Researchers found that individuals with difficulty identifying odors had elevated AD-related proteins in their cerebrospinal fluid. The study suggests a potential cheaper alternative for tracking the progression of Alzheimer's disease through simple smell tests.
Researchers at the University of Queensland have discovered that adult brains can produce new cells in the amygdala, a region important for processing emotional memories. This finding has significant implications for understanding the brain's ability to adapt and regenerate.
A Johns Hopkins study found that individuals with mild cognitive decline have lower levels of serotonin transporters, suggesting a possible driver of the disease. The research suggests increasing serotonin function may prevent memory loss and slow disease progression.
Researchers at MIT have found a way to precisely target the enzyme HDAC2, which blocks genes required for memory formation in Alzheimer's patients. By blocking its interaction with Sp3, they were able to reverse memory loss in mice, offering a potential new treatment approach.
Researchers at the University Medical Center Goettingen identified a molecular link between PTSD and Alzheimer's disease, specifically Formin 2. Formin 2 mutant mice show PTSD phenotypes at an early age and develop age-related memory decline.
A new study published in The FASEB Journal suggests that green tea's EGCG may alleviate high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance and cognitive impairment. Researchers found that mice fed with a high-fructose diet and given EGCG showed improved cognitive function and reduced weight gain.
Researchers found a small-molecule drug improves synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus and object location memory in Rett syndrome mice. The treatment also restored general locomotor activity to normal levels, offering hope for patients with neurodevelopmental disorders.
Scientists suspect sleep apnea diminishes healthspan due to its link with age-related diseases, including non-alcoholic liver disease and Alzheimer's, prompting researchers to explore treatment options.
Researchers found that thyroxine and metformin can repair memory and learning deficits caused by fetal alcohol exposure when given after birth. The study provides potential treatment for fetal alcohol spectrum disorder.
A new clinical trial will assess the effectiveness of improvisational dance in improving gait and balance problems associated with cognitive impairment and memory loss, as well as reducing apathy and depression. The 12-week program will be divided into four groups, including dance with social engagement and dance only.
Researchers at King's College London have discovered a molecular mechanism that enables neurons to adapt to their environment, shaping learning and memory formation. The study reveals that Brevican protein plays a critical role in regulating experience-dependent plasticity, influencing the intrinsic properties of PV+ interneurons and s...
Research found that reduced mastication in mice led to suppressed maxillofacial bone and muscle growth, as well as reduced neural activity in the hippocampus, a key component of memory. This study suggests maintaining or strengthening masticatory function may help prevent dementia and memory/learning dysfunction.
A new study published in Neuron provides direct experimental evidence for the 'Memory-Synapse Specificity' Hypothesis, linking a specific type of synapse to a particular behavior and memory. The research reveals that synaptic long-term potentiation (LTP) at a specific type of synapse encodes socially acquired olfactory memory.
A new study suggests that the small molecule LM22A-4 can improve spatial memory and motor skill defects in Rett syndrome mice by enhancing synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. The treatment also shows promise for improving breathing problems associated with the disease.
A 'brain training' game developed by researchers at the University of Cambridge improved memory in patients with mild cognitive impairment by 40% through episodic memory tests. The app's engaging gameplay and individualization also boosted motivation and confidence.
New research finds that taking photos of experiences enhances visual memory, but hinders auditory memory. Participants who took photos recalled more visual details than those who didn't have a camera, while their auditory recall suffered compared to their non-photographing peers.
Researchers at Columbia University Medical Center found that selective memories can be erased from snail neurons, potentially developing drugs to delete memories triggering anxiety and PTSD. The study's results could lead to the development of treatments for these conditions by eliminating non-associative memories without affecting ass...
Researchers have developed a new technique to isolate neuronal activity during memory consolidation, revealing that individual hippocampal neurons respond selectively to specific memories. This study provides insight into the neural mechanisms of memory formation and its potential link to brain diseases like epilepsy.
Japanese scientists have developed a method to isolate and identify active compounds in plant medicines, which accurately accounts for drug behavior in the body. They identified several active compounds from Drynaria Rhizome that improve memory and reduce disease characteristics in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.
Gulf War veterans experience long-term side effects of their service due to exposure to chemicals like pyridostigmine bromide, DEET, and permethrin. Animal models demonstrate how these chemicals cause brain dysfunction, inflammation, and oxidative stress, leading to symptoms such as cognitive decline, memory problems, and chronic fatigue.
Recent studies suggest that excessive neural activity in specific brain regions can impair memory and attention. Inhibitory neurotransmission, mediated by GABA, plays a crucial role in regulating neural activity. The review highlights the importance of balancing aberrant neural activity to restore cognitive function.
Researchers found strong association between cognitive decline and small blood vessel disease in the brain, with 61% of older adults having at least one component of the condition. The study, part of the Atahualpa Project, suggests that vascular neurology may be an important factor in stroke and neurological disorders in Latin America.
A study at UT Southwestern Medical Center has identified over 100 genes linked to memory processing in the human brain. The researchers hope that these findings will lead to better understanding and treatment of conditions such as Alzheimer's disease and epilepsy.
New research reveals the brain is a co-operative continuum for learning and memory, with different regions working together to reduce ambiguity. This understanding could lead to new treatments for cognitive diseases like Alzheimer's, where interference may be the cause of memory loss rather than forgetting.
A Penn study found that acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 (ACSS2) regulates gene expression in neurons to form and store spatial memories. Blocking ACSS2 impairs long-term memory, suggesting a potential target for neurological disorders like anxiety and depression.
Exposure to common anesthesia drug sevoflurane in infancy results in visual recognition memory impairment, which emerges after the first year of life and may persist long-term. Researchers used a rhesus monkey model to investigate the effects of repeated anesthesia exposure on neurocognitive function.
A study found that repeated exposure to anesthesia during infancy results in impaired visual recognition memory, which emerges after the first year of life. The research used a rhesus monkey model and confirmed that multiple anesthesia exposures alone lead to memory impairment, with deficits not apparent until later developmental stages.
Research reveals that novelty detection triggers brain states that enhance new memory formation, suggesting a shift in how we make memories. The study's findings have implications for developing novel early warning tests and management strategies for memory impairments like Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers discovered brain structure changes in older adults without noticeable memory problems, using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment test. These findings suggest that brain imaging may predict dementia years prior to diagnosis.
A study by Christian König and Ayse Yarali found that fruit flies generalize their memories of an electric shock to a range of similar scents, mirroring the behavior of PTSD sufferers. This ability can be beneficial but also detrimental if overgeneralized.
A gene mutation called the Met allele may accelerate memory and thinking skills decline in people at risk for Alzheimer's disease, according to a study published in Neurology. Researchers found that individuals with the mutation lost cognitive skills more rapidly than those without it.
A study in rats found that resistance exercise improved motor coordination and memory impaired by MSG, with recognition memory improving in males and location memory in females. Researchers aim to understand the mechanism of this improvement.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have shown that electrical stimulation delivered when memory is predicted to fail can improve memory function. The study found that stimulating the brain during periods of poor function significantly improves memory, likening it to restoring normal traffic flow.
Researchers at UC Berkeley argue that restorative deep sleep is vital for warding off memory loss and a range of mental and physical disorders in older adults. The aging brain's decline in slow wave sleep and neurochemical regulation can lead to cognitive and physical impairments.
Researchers found that SuperAgers' brains shrink more slowly than peers', resulting in greater resistance to memory loss and dementia. The study suggests that age-related cognitive decline is not inevitable, contradicting traditional approaches to Alzheimer's research.
Researchers found that cognitively average elderly adults experienced greater annual whole-brain cortical volume loss compared to SuperAgers. Despite this, SuperAgers showed signs of slower brain atrophy over an 18-month period, with potential implications for understanding cognitive decline and age-related brain changes.
A new study found that playing a highly visual-spatial computer game like Tetris can help prevent intrusive memories after a traumatic event. The intervention, which took just 20 minutes, reduced symptoms of acute stress disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder by 62% in patients waiting for emergency care.
Researchers identify Ephexin5 as a key regulator of brain cell connections in Alzheimer's disease, finding that removing the protein prevents deficits in animal models. By targeting Ephexin5, drugs may be developed to prevent or treat symptoms of the disorder.
Researchers found that probiotics had little impact on microbial diversity and even impaired recognition memory in rats on a balanced diet. However, for rats fed a junk diet, probiotics positively changed the bacterial make-up in their digestive tract and benefitted brain function, preventing spatial memory loss.
After 40 days of daily training using a strategic memory improvement technique, individuals with typical memory skills more than doubled their memory capacity. Brain scans showed altered brain functions and similar connectivity patterns as those of world champion memory athletes. Four months later, recall performance remained high.
A new study from Northwestern University finds that sound wave stimulation synchronized to brain waves triples memory scores in older adults and enhances deep sleep. The technique, which uses real-time brain wave analysis, shows promise as a non-meditation approach to improving brain health.
A recent review highlights cannabidiol's effects on fear and drug memory processes, suggesting its potential as a treatment for anxiety-related and substance abuse disorders. Cannabidiol is not linked to the cannabis 'high' and may alleviate symptoms without unwanted side effects.
Scientists discovered specific brain signals associated with fearful experiences in rat brains, allowing them to predict location-based avoidance. The study suggests a potential mechanism for understanding memory loss in Alzheimer's disease.
AVN-322 is a highly selective 5-HT6R antagonist that displays high binding affinity to the receptor and potency in blocking functional cell responses. In preclinical studies, AVN-322 showed improved cognition-enhancing effects and demonstrated antipsychotic potential.
A team of scientists led by Anandasankar Ray have identified Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor 6 (HDAC6) as a regulator of learning in fruit flies. The enzyme acts like a 'dimmer switch' to increase or decrease signal across synapses, and its role in healthy neurons is less understood.
A pilot study conducted by the University of California, Los Angeles, has shown that consuming grapes twice a day for six months can prevent metabolic decline in Alzheimer-related areas of the brain. Participants who followed a grape-enriched diet demonstrated improved attention and memory performance compared to those on a placebo diet.