A new study estimates the numbers of children born annually with Down syndrome and the prevalence of the condition in each of the nine US states. The study found that live birth prevalence ranged from 1 in 729 to 1 in 1,256 across the states, while elective termination reduced the number of births by an average of 39%.
Researchers at Mount Sinai developed a clinical index to evaluate muscle-related symptoms associated with statin use. The team proposes re-challenging or switching statins, adopting healthy lifestyle changes, and exploring non-statin pharmacotherapies to optimize cholesterol treatment for patients experiencing adverse muscle symptoms.
The study found that closure of the left atrial appendage during open heart surgery significantly reduces the risk of stroke and silent cerebral infarctions. Patients who underwent surgical closure had a lower cumulative probability of an ischaemic event in the brain compared to those without closure.
Researchers used gene therapy with LeXis, a 'junk DNA' suppressor of cholesterol, to reduce plaque in mice with familial hypercholesterolemia. The treatment lowered cholesterol and blockages in arteries, and appeared to reduce fat build-up in liver cells.
A study predicts that changes in precipitation and air temperature will lead to increased plant mortality risk in 13 temperate and tropical forests worldwide. However, higher atmospheric humidity and CO2 concentrations partially offset this rising mortality risk.
A recent study by researchers at UMass Amherst found that anabasine, a natural alkaloid, has deleterious effects on infected bees and exacerbates the negative effects of combined stressors on pollinator health. The compound was previously thought to have potential as a self-medicating agent against intestinal parasites in bumble bees.
A 16-year study of over 280,000 patients found that colder air temperatures are associated with a higher risk of heart attacks. The study, led by Prof David Erlinge from Lund University, used meteorological data to analyze the relationship between weather conditions and heart attack incidence.
A study by Hugo Delile and colleagues used high-resolution geochemical and isotopic analyses to reconstruct Rome's urban development. The analysis of a sediment core from Ostia harbor revealed the installation of ancient Rome's lead pipe system was around 2nd century BC, with a peak during the early-high Imperial period.
Researchers have developed a new multiple-wavelength neutron holography technique that can produce clear three-dimensional atomic images. This method uses neutrons to study the structure of materials made up of lighter elements, such as calcium fluoride crystals with europium ions.
A new study published at ESC Congress shows that blood pressure variability is strongly associated with adverse outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation. The study found that consistency in blood pressure control is vital, regardless of patient age or blood pressure level.
Researchers found that patients who received canakinumab had a marked reduction in lung cancer incidence and mortality, with death from cancer reduced by half in the highest dosage group. The study suggests that anti-inflammatory therapy may help slow lung cancer progression.
Researchers propose a new approach to understanding soil organic matter's response to climate change and atmospheric chemistry. Soil microbes contribute significantly to stable carbon pools through catabolic and anabolic activities, which could lead to improved soil stabilization and renewal strategies.
Future electricity consumption in Europe is expected to decrease in Northern Europe and increase in Southern and Western Europe under rising temperatures. Daily peak usage is predicted to peak in summer instead of winter, affecting transmission infrastructure and storage requirements.
Researchers at EPFL discovered key molecules driving lymphangiogenesis in response to worm infections, revealing a complex cross-talk between B cells and fibroblastic reticular cells.
A new app, BiliScreen, uses computer vision algorithms and machine learning to detect increased bilirubin levels in the eye, a potential early sign of pancreatic cancer. The app has been shown to correctly identify cases with an accuracy rate of 89.7%, offering a non-invasive and easy-to-use screening tool.
The ORION 1 trial shows inclisiran lowers LDL cholesterol by -31.6% and -46.8% at one year with single and two dose regimens, respectively. The two dose regimen produced the greatest reductions in LDL cholesterol without side effects.
Researchers have developed a new algorithm to enhance observations from the Kepler Space Telescope and perform detailed studies of stellar variability. The technique, called halo photometry, reveals pulsations in B-type stars with day-long periods, offering insights into poorly understood processes in their cores.
Daily peak loads in Southern Europe are expected to increase due to rising temperatures, while overall consumption will shift from Northern Europe to the South. The study also found that temperature-driven annual peak demand will shift from winter to summer by the end of this century.
A new analysis of the FOURIER trial found that very aggressive reduction of LDL-cholesterol to ultra-low levels was associated with fewer cardiovascular events without increased safety risks. The study suggested that lowering LDL-C levels below current guidelines can further reduce recurrent cardiovascular events in high-risk patients.
Researchers found that losartan reduced mitral valve scarring and stiffening in an animal model of heart attack. The study supports a new approach to treating heart valve disease, aiming to prevent disease progression at an early stage.
Researchers at Sandia National Laboratories have challenged long-standing theories on black holes using hands-on experiments at the Z machine. The study found that certain ionization stages of iron are not present in a black hole's accretion disk, contradicting previous assumptions.
Researchers found that married patients who have had a heart attack are 14% more likely to survive compared to single patients. Marriage also provides protection for patients with high cholesterol, diabetes, and high blood pressure, increasing their chances of survival by 16%, 14%, and 10%, respectively.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital identified structural brain differences in individuals with severe FND symptoms, particularly reduced insula volume and increased amygdala volume. The study aims to advance understanding of FND pathophysiology and develop better treatments for this debilitating condition.
The study found a 'pH minimum zone' 10 times more acidic than surface waters, posing risks to marine species like oysters and crabs. Oyster decline may hinder the bay's ability to deal with acidity.
Scientists have found that trained dogs are more successful in detecting hermit beetle larvae than traditional methods. Using trained dogs can locate new populations, confirm the presence of target species, and map colonized trees accurately and efficiently.
Dr. Betty S. Pace will receive the ASH Leadership in Promoting Diversity Award for her commitment to diversity and inclusion in hematology. She has trained over 80 underrepresented minority individuals, including 45% of those she has personally mentored.
A 'pH minimum zone' of acidic water has been discovered at depths of 10-15 meters in the Chesapeake Bay. This increase in acidity is attributed to toxic hydrogen sulfide and ammonia produced when bottom waters mix upward, threatening shellfish like oysters and clams.
Using satellite data, NASA calculated Tropical Storm Harvey's accumulated effects of rain, with totals reaching on the order of 20 inches near Galveston Bay and over 10 inches in western Louisiana. The analysis shows widespread massive flooding across the region, similar to Tropical Storm Allison in 2001.
A 14-year study found that statins reduce breast cancer risk by 45% and mortality risk by 40%. Women with high cholesterol had significantly lower breast cancer rates and improved survival rates compared to those without high cholesterol.
Coral skeleton formation occurs within tissue, contrary to previous understanding that particles precipitate from surrounding water. This finding may improve paleoclimate reconstructions and enhance coral resilience research.
Researchers report a remarkable treatment response in a patient with recurrent diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), where CAR T-cell therapy induced complete remission of a brain metastasis. The treatment also showed spontaneous re-expansion of CAR T-cells after a subcutaneous tumor recurrence, leading to further research into the me...
A new study published in JAMA Neurology analyzed 27 research studies and found that female carriers of the apolipoprotein E ?4 allele have a greater risk of developing Alzheimer disease, particularly between ages 65-75. The authors suggest physiologic changes associated with menopause and estrogen loss may underlie these sex differences.
A new study predicts shorter flood intervals for US coastal cities when considering both ocean water level rise and river flow, increasing overall flood risk. Researchers warn that as sea levels continue to rise, compound effects will further exacerbate coastal flooding.
Research reveals that caregivers experience improved well-being when their loved ones recognize and appreciate their help. The study suggests that specific conditions, including emotional communication and recognizing the impact of caregiving, are crucial to alleviating the burdens of spousal care.
Scientists analyze infrared data to determine the strength of Tropical Cyclone Sanvu, finding coldest cloud tops near minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit. This information helps predict storm intensity and potential heavy rainfall.
A recent study published in Annals of Internal Medicine found that neighborhood socioeconomic position is a crucial predictor of cardiovascular risk. The model used to predict this risk systematically underestimated the negative effects of living in disadvantaged neighborhoods, highlighting the importance of considering ecologic circum...
A study by Aalto University researchers reveals that companies' supplier integration practices are more similar due to environmental factors than strategic objectives. The similarity in practices is attributed to benchmarking and copying of similar organizations, rather than conscious comparison.
A new study in mice found that transplantation of donor stem cells from human brain tissue can help repair an injured spinal cord. However, the effectiveness of these stem cells is hindered by the body's immune response to injury. Immune cell depletion can improve the recovery outcome for animals receiving transplanted stem cells.
A clinical trial conducted by researchers at the University of Utah Health found that radiofrequency catheter ablation lowered hospitalization and mortality rates by 47% and 44%, respectively, in patients with atrial fibrillation. The study suggests that catheter ablation may be a more effective treatment option than traditional drug t...
A NUS study found a strong association between deforestation in Cambodia and increased risk of diarrhoea, acute respiratory infections, and fever in children under five. The study suggests that conserving forests could help mitigate health burdens and inform policy decisions on land use planning.
A research team led by Professor Bhesh Bhandari has discovered that small fat globules can impart stability to cream and give cold butter a softer texture. The breakthrough uses nanoemulsions to create innovative dairy ingredients with potential to increase the return on investment for dairy manufacturers.
A new study found that using two anticlotting medicines instead of three can reduce the risk of major bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation who have had a stent placed. The RE-DUAL PCI trial showed that dabigatran, combined with either clopidogrel or ticagrelor, cut the risk of bleeding by half compared to standard triple therapy.
A new study found that higher coffee consumption is associated with a lower risk of death, particularly among those aged 45 and above. Drinking four cups of coffee per day was linked to a 64% reduced risk of all-cause mortality.
A major international study found that combining two drugs, rivaroxaban and aspirin, is superior to aspirin alone in preventing further heart complications in people with vascular disease. The combination reduced strokes, heart attacks, and cardiovascular death by practically 25% compared to either drug alone.
Tropical Storm Harvey showed powerful storms that could produce heavy rainfall, with cloud top temperatures as cold as minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit. The storms were detected by NASA's Aqua satellite and identified areas extending from southeastern Texas into southeastern Louisiana.
A new study has confirmed the safety and efficacy of a rapid algorithm to rule-out and rule-in myocardial infarction. The algorithm uses high-sensitivity cardiac troponin blood concentrations to diagnose patients with acute chest pain, allowing for quicker triage and early initiation of evidence-based therapy.
The CANTOS trial found that canakinumab significantly reduced the risk of cardiovascular events and total cancer death, with dose-dependent effects on lung cancer rates. The study showed a 15% reduction in cardiovascular event risk and a 17% reduction in hospitalization for unstable angina.
A new study, CASTLE-AF, shows that catheter ablation significantly improves outcomes for patients with left ventricular dysfunction and atrial fibrillation. The treatment reduces the risk of stroke, blood clots, and heart failure in these patients.
The COMPASS trial found that the combination of rivaroxaban and aspirin reduces major adverse cardiovascular and limb events by 31%, lowering cardiovascular death, stroke or heart attack by 28% and limb-threatening ischaemia by 46%. Rivaroxaban alone does not reduce major adverse cardiovascular events but lowers major adverse limb events.
The RACE 3 trial found that risk factor-driven upstream rhythm control is effective in improving maintenance of sinus rhythm in patients with early short-lasting AF and heart failure. Sinus rhythm was present in 75% of patients in the upstream therapy group compared to 63% in the control group.
Scientists at King Abdullah University of Science & Technology (KAUST) have discovered a crystalline material that changes shape in response to light, showcasing its potential applications in novel optoelectronic devices
The COMPASS trial found that combining rivaroxaban and aspirin improved survival by 18% and reduced cardiovascular death, stroke, or heart attack by 24%. The treatment also increased bleeding risk but showed significant net benefits for patients.
A study by Progetto Vita found that 93% of patients treated with an onsite AED survived cardiac arrest, compared to just 9% without an AED. The presence of an AED significantly reduced response times and improved survival rates.
A new study published in the European Society of Cardiology found that high salt intake is associated with a doubled risk of heart failure. The study, which followed over 4,000 participants for 12 years, estimated individual salt intake using a 24-hour sodium extraction method.
Research suggests PCSK9 plays a role in platelet activation and aggregation, with higher levels linked to increased platelet reactivity. PCSK9 inhibitors may also reduce thrombosis by interfering with platelet function.
A recent study found that women at high risk of cardiovascular events are more likely to receive lower doses and less potent statin treatments, which can increase the risk of preventable events. According to the DYSIS study, women were 32% less likely to reach the recommended LDL cholesterol target compared to men.
Underweight patients undergoing cardiac catheterisation are more likely to die, experience longer hospital stays, and incur higher costs compared to normal weight or obese patients. Morbidly obese patients, on the other hand, have better outcomes despite having a lower BMI.
A study published in JAMA Cardiology found that implanted cardiac monitors detected a substantial incidence of previously undiagnosed atrial fibrillation (AFib) in high-risk patients. The detection rate was nearly 30% at 18 months, with even higher rates at longer follow-up periods.
The guidelines introduce a clear definition of when to start the clock for percutaneous coronary intervention, recommending vessel opening within 90 minutes from STEMI diagnosis. The document also updates recommendations on medications, PCI access, and fibrinolysis, emphasizing the importance of timely treatment.
The ESC Focused Update provides recommendations for dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in patients with coronary artery disease. DAPT reduces the risk of acute to very late stent thrombosis, but the optimal duration is uncertain. The Task Force recommends a personalized approach based on ischaemic versus bleeding risks.