Articles tagged with Gender Studies
A new study found that high uric acid levels protect female lung function from decline with age or disease. Women with lower female hormone levels are more likely to benefit from this antioxidant effect.
A study published in Environment International found that exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and black carbon increases the risk of vascular damage in people living in India. The research, which analyzed data from over 3,000 individuals, showed a non-linear association between PM2.5 exposure and vascular injury.
A study by evolutionary psychologists at the University of Texas at Austin identified universal qualities like intelligence, honesty, and bravery that increase a person's social value. The findings also revealed cultural differences in what influences social status, with certain traits being more valuable in some societies than others.
A global study involving over 46,000 participants found that younger people report greater feelings of loneliness than older adults. The study also revealed cultural differences in loneliness levels, with individuals in collectivist societies experiencing lower levels of loneliness.
A study found significant gender imbalance in medical imaging datasets used to train classifiers, leading to biased AI-based diagnostic systems. The analysis showed that underrepresented groups were misclassified more frequently than the majority group.
A study by University of Rochester researchers found that women quotas in India's local government elections led to a reduction in the representation of lower caste groups, while increasing the representation of Hindu upper castes. The quota policy aimed to increase female representation but ultimately had unintended consequences.
A study from Carnegie Mellon University and Columbia Business School found that women entrepreneurs are more motivated by social impact than money, while men are more driven by financial gains. The research also revealed that individuals from altruistic cultures are more likely to respond to messages focused on social impact.
New research by Cornell University reveals that women are more likely to be given inaccurate performance feedback, with underperforming women receiving less truthful but kinder feedback compared to equally underperforming men. This finding highlights a potential obstacle to equality in the workplace.
Research at NYU Langone Health found a link between elevated blood levels of toxic chemicals and an increased risk for celiac disease in young people. Young females were eight times more likely to become gluten intolerant, while males were twice as likely with fire-retardant exposure.
Researchers analyzed a large private health insurance database to investigate the association between health insurance nondiscrimination policies and mental health outcomes in gender minority individuals. The study found significant disparities in access to mental health care and treatment, highlighting the need for policy changes.
This study evaluated pedestrian walking speed patterns in Palestine, finding males walk faster than females, while younger pedestrians are also quicker. The research used data from 4,301 pedestrians at six locations, concluding that unsignalized crosswalks don't offer significant benefits.
A new study by Georgia Institute of Technology found that humans hold strong biases against robot competence in various jobs, despite the lack of gender bias. Participants trusted robots only to perform simple tasks, while assigning lower competency ratings to professions like surgery and comedy.
A new study found that men are over twice as likely to die from COVID-19, with older men and those with underlying conditions being particularly at risk. The research suggests that additional supportive care may be necessary for these groups.
A study by Carnegie Mellon University and Johns Hopkins University found that coordinated attention, specifically patterns of email communication, is linked to better performance in groups. Groups that sent emails in bursts had greater success capitalizing on available resources.
A Texas A&M University study found that older adults are more likely to use driver-assistance technologies if taught through interactive videos. The research suggests that video-based training is the most effective method for introducing these technologies to seniors, reducing mental workload and increasing safety on the road.
A study published in Frontiers in Psychology found that Dance Movement Therapy (DMT) improved mood and physical activity in grandmothers, while also allowing their female dance/movement therapists to process their grandparents' eventual death. The therapy promoted a strong intergenerational bond between the two groups.
A study analyzing 2,646,550 college entrance tests in Chile found that removing a penalty for incorrect answers narrowed the gender gap in test scores, particularly among high-performing students in some STEM fields. This policy change also reduced the gender gap in the number of questions skipped.
A new study identifies consistent grip strength cut points relative to body weight, gender, and age group in a large nationally representative sample of participants. Researchers found that assessing normalized grip strength can routinely screen for type 2 diabetes in apparently healthy adults.
A new study by Professor Cary Wu finds that women are underrepresented as commentators on published research, hindering scholarly exchange between men and women. The study reveals gendered patterns in academic commenting, which could exacerbate the marginalization of women in the scientific community.
Researchers analyzed a century of data to find that female representation in the film industry hit an all-time low during the Golden Age. The study found that women's roles were consistently below 50% across job types and genres, with a sharp drop in the 1920s.
A new FDA-approved medication has been shown to effectively treat thyroid eye disease in patients of all ages and genders, regardless of their smoking status. According to a study, teprotumumab reduces inflammation and tissue buildup behind the eye, leading to improved symptoms and quality of life.
A new five-decade study found that progress toward gender equality has slowed down since the 1990s, with women making gains in education and employment but stagnant progress in pay and occupations. Despite early momentum in the 1970s and 1980s, movement towards gender equity stalled beginning in the 1990s.
A new study found that women are significantly overrepresented as authors and disseminators of physician compensation studies, which are largely unfunded. This may contribute to slow progress in addressing pay disparities.
A new IIASA study finds that many Europeans, especially women, underestimate their remaining life expectancy, leading to costly decisions. The researchers used SHARE data from 9 European countries to estimate subjective life expectancies from age 60 to 90 for men and women.
A Swedish-Finnish study found that HPV vaccination of both boys and girls prevents infections effectively, even if only 80% of girls are vaccinated. Mathematical modelling shows that vaccinating both genders can eliminate the most oncogenic HPV type 16 in a few years after age 30.
A Michigan State University study found that toxic masculinity can lead to social isolation among aging men, negatively affecting their health and well-being. The researchers suggest an alternative understanding of masculinity can help alleviate social isolation.
Research on over 20,000 online tasks found a significant and persistent gender pay gap despite the absence of overt discrimination. Women's hourly earnings were consistently lower than men's, with task completion speed accounting for some of the gap.
Researchers found that women chairs of clinical departments earned an average of $70,000 to $80,000 less per year than their male counterparts. Despite controlling for factors such as productivity, specialization, and years on the job, the disparity remained.
Researchers at Hiroshima University found a positive correlation between happy emotional states and productivity among factory workers in Laos. The study used wearable biometric devices to track employees' emotional states over three working days, revealing that only happy emotions were related to productivity.
A new study finds that irregular sleep patterns, such as no regular bedtime and wake-up schedule or varying amounts of sleep each night, may represent a novel and independent heart disease risk factor. Older adults with these patterns are nearly twice as likely to develop cardiovascular disease.
A new study published in Radiology: Cardiothoracic Imaging found that healthy men and women have distinct blood flow characteristics in their hearts. The research used 4D flow MRI to analyze gender differences in the left ventricle, revealing higher kinetic energy in men and greater strain in women.
A new UNLV study found that drivers of expensive cars are least likely to stop for crossing pedestrians. The cost of the car was a significant predictor of driver yielding, with motorists overall yielding less frequently for men and people of color.
A new study finds that socioeconomic status has the strongest impact on STEM science enrollment in Australian secondary schools. Lower SES schools lack resources and diversity in syllabi, making it difficult for underrepresented students to engage with science. Initiatives promoting inclusivity and cultural capital can help increase pa...
A longitudinal study in Germany found that classmates' gender stereotypes have a negative effect on boys' reading outcomes, including lower motivation and achievement. In contrast, girls experienced positive effects from their classmates' stereotypes. The study suggests that reducing stereotypical behaviors in classrooms can help creat...
A new study finds that ER patients rate their satisfaction with care equally for female or African-American doctors, contradicting fears about physician diversity. The study's results may alleviate concerns about quality reporting and patient biases in emergency medicine.
Researchers found that personal contact between police officers and citizens encourages a positive attitude towards the country's central authority. The study suggests building relationships may help a new government earn legitimacy in the eyes of citizens, potentially preventing violence in the future.
Highly active Finnish women watch less television than low-active peers, whereas highly active men tend to watch more. This suggests that motivation and lifestyle factors differ between genders in determining TV viewing time.
A new study by researchers at the University of Washington found that increases in minimum wages had no overall effect on the health of working-age people. However, they did find a mix of negative and positive effects associated with the health of certain subgroups, including increased obesity rates among working-age people of color.
A European research project highlights the need for more resources and greater gender competence to make science equality measures effective. The study analyzed 19 interventions in six countries, including Spain, and found that Spanish institutions have one of the most advanced legislative frameworks but lack sufficient resources.
The analysis shows an increase in female homicide victims starting in the 1960s, associated with the evolution of women's role and status in society. Female homicide mortality does not follow a steady line over the century, with an upward trend linked to changes in women's daily routines.
Researchers found that pregnant women in poor countries with lower access to education and employment are more likely to experience stillbirths. The study mapped global patterns of stillbirth rates and identified 37 countries with high rates, including Nigeria and Pakistan.
A new study by Oxford University Press USA found that likeability plays a crucial role in interactions between women and men, but not in same-sex interactions. Women benefit from being likable in all social situations, while men only experience advantages if they are likable when interacting with the opposite sex.
A new study by Yale sociologist Emma Zang found that China's 2011 judicial interpretation on property rights during divorce initially harmed women's wellbeing, but couples adapted over time to share property equally. Despite adaptations, the change has lingering costs, including increased housework for women and loss of property rights.
New Zealand researchers reveal a significant gender pay gap, with men earning an average of NZ$400,000 more than women over their lifetime. Only 40-70% of the pay gap can be attributed to research performance and age.
A study by Stockholm University found that women in supervisory positions experience increased rates of sexual harassment, with the greatest exposure at lower levels of leadership. The research also showed that harassment is more common when subordinates consist of mostly men.
Researchers found oxytocin reduces cravings and amygdala activity in cocaine-addicted men with a history of trauma. However, the hormone has little effect on women with cocaine addiction and a history of childhood trauma, potentially leading to increased relapse risk.
A new study published in Family Practice shows a significant gender gap in biomedical paper publication rates, with women accounting for 48% of first authors in primary health care journals. The study found that women are less likely to publish articles on trials and have fewer research grants, contributing to the disparity.
A study published in the European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology found that women who don't attend regular hospital check-ups during pregnancy are more likely to experience physical violence. The research highlights the importance of healthcare professionals detecting warning signs of gender violence.
A new study assesses country and regional progress towards 17 UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), revealing disparities between developed and developing regions. The study suggests that sustainability progress is dynamic and may involve tradeoffs, highlighting the need for a holistic approach to address these challenges.
A survey of homes in rural India reveals that men dominate electricity use patterns, suggesting that households with electrified access may benefit more from male members. Despite efforts to improve female well-being through clean energy, women reported that only a quarter experienced increased time for personal activities.
A study published in BMJ found that papers with male lead authors were up to 21% more likely to use positive framing in titles and abstracts, resulting in 13% more citations. This disparity affects not only research perception but also career advancement for female scientists.
A study of over 3,300 children reveals Finnish kids excel in motor skills, with significant differences found between countries. Portuguese children have weak motor skills, especially between ages 6-10, while Finland and Belgium outperform in this area.
A study by University of North Carolina at Charlotte researchers found that unemployed men are more likely to transition to female-dominated jobs, resulting in higher wages (4% increase) and increased occupational prestige. This shift may help offset the negative effects of unemployment on job status.
Recent research suggests that gender dysphoria may be caused by altered activity in the distress, social behavior, and body-ownership networks. This new theory challenges the existing understanding of the condition.
A new study by George Washington University's Amanda J. Visek found that girls and boys alike rank trying their best and working hard as key to having fun in youth sports, while winning is ranked 40th in importance. The study also uncovered small yet intriguing differences in fun priorities depending on age or gender.
A Mayo Clinic study found that men reported higher levels of physical activity and greater confidence in maintaining good health habits compared to women. Women, however, had lower self-reported levels of physical activity and lower confidence in their ability to maintain it.
A recent study published in Comparative European Politics found that EU attitudes on gender quotas in management boards are divided, with stronger support in countries like Cyprus and Portugal. The study revealed a paradoxical relationship between support for the quota and actual gender equality in each country.
A new study by University of Michigan researchers found that men who receive caregiving from their spouses are more prone to feeling guilty and depressed due to negative spousal exchanges. In contrast, wives in caregiving relationships show less susceptibility to these effects, suggesting a difference in gender dynamics.
A study published in the journal Science of Learning found that children's brains function similarly regardless of their gender when it comes to math skills. The research team, led by Jessica Cantlon, used functional MRI to compare brain activity in young girls and boys while watching educational videos on early math topics.
Researchers analyzed data from Kichwa community in Ecuador to understand the selection of medicinal plants. The study found that men cited slightly more species than women, while age played a role in identifying plant families, with older participants naming more species.