A University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill study found that 7% of healthy North Carolina schoolchildren already have three risk factors for heart disease and type II diabetes. Obesity is the sole significant predictor of these risk factors, with obese children 53 times more likely to develop insulin resistance syndrome.
A Duke University Medical Center study found that ACE inhibitors are prescribed in just over half the cases they should be, despite clear evidence of their benefits. The study's author suggests increasing physician education and implementing an oversight system to ensure patients receive the best treatments.
A study found that antidiabetic drugs are less effective in mice without adipose tissue, suggesting a possible connection between fatty liver disease and diabetes. The authors also noted that the drugs still had some beneficial effects on lipid metabolism in these animals.
Researchers at UCLA Medical Center found that implementing a dual list for organs increases the supply of usable donor hearts for older adults. The program allows patients over 65 to receive transplants from donor hearts with minor repair needs, previously deemed unsuitable for younger patients. This approach improves patient survival ...
A follow-up study of the VEGF in Ischemia for Vascular Angiogenesis (VIVA) trial found that gene therapy did not increase the risk of cancer or adverse events in patients with severe angina. The results showed a lower rate of adverse events in patients receiving the high-dose VEGF, and encouraging reductions in chest pain after one year.
Researchers found that patients with periodontal disease had significantly higher levels of C-reactive protein in their blood than those without gum disease, indicating an increased risk of future heart attacks. The study suggests that treating severe gum disease may help reduce CRP levels and the risk of another heart attack.
Researchers have successfully created viable new heart muscle cells using marrow stromal cells from an animal's own bone marrow. The goal is to replace dead heart muscle cells with new ones, potentially offering a treatment for life-threatening heart failure.
A study by the American Heart Association found that individuals with heart attacks are more likely to have periodontal disease, a type of gum tissue inflammation. The researchers believe that high blood levels of C-reactive protein may be linked between the two conditions.
A new study suggests that losartan, a type of hypertension medication, may improve sexual function in men with high blood pressure. After 12 weeks of treatment, 88% of hypertensive males with sexual dysfunction reported improvement in at least one area of sexuality. The drug also showed promise in improving overall quality of life.
A Mediterranean-style diet rich in olive oil, fruit, and fish was associated with a lower risk of death after a heart attack. The study found that participants who consumed more fresh fruits and vegetables had a reduced risk of dying within 42 months after their heart attack.
A study by Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center found that reducing prednisone medication can eliminate unpleasant side effects without affecting survival rates. 80% of adult transplant patients were successfully weaned off prednisone within two years, with no increased risk of rejection or infection.
A recent study suggests that trans fatty acids, commonly found in baked goods and fried foods, may contribute to an increased risk of heart disease. The researchers found that diets high in trans fats led to higher triglyceride levels and lower HDL cholesterol.
Recent study by Princeton University scientists reveals that reforestation of former farmland has played a crucial role in reducing atmospheric carbon dioxide. The finding highlights the importance of historical land-use changes in understanding carbon uptake in North American forests.
A Johns Hopkins study found that one-third of Korean Americans have high blood pressure, with almost 75% not controlling it. The prevalence is 32%, much higher than the American rate of 24% and Korean rate of 22%. English-speaking ability directly impacts hypertension control among Korean Americans.
A Syracuse University study has identified bias in Internet domain name dispute resolution, with arbitrators favoring trademark holders over registrants. The study analyzed data from ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy and found that some service providers rule more frequently in favor of trademark holders.
A University of Pittsburgh study reveals that young women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are at high risk of developing premature atherosclerosis by middle age. The researchers found that PCOS patients had higher levels of cardiovascular disease risk factors, including insulin and LDL cholesterol.
MARstem demonstrates potential as a multilineage hematopoietic therapy to treat or prevent pancytopenia following chemotherapy in breast cancer patients. The study's results show excellent safety and preliminary efficacy, suggesting MARstem may improve debilitating side effects of cancer treatment.
Researchers found that the brain replays and reinforces initial learning events to create cell-to-cell connections for long-term memories. This process, called synaptic reentry reinforcement, may be crucial for maintaining stable information over time.
University of Florida surgeons have improved a bladder removal technique, reducing complications and improving patient outcomes for those with severe bladder problems. The new method minimizes blood loss and is well-tolerated by patients, making it an ideal approach for those too ill to undergo standard surgery.
Two girls with rare bone disorders Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy and progressive osseous heteroplasia showed severely depressed levels of Gs-alpha protein, suggesting a collective culprit behind the conditions. The study provides new insights into the developmental pathways controlling normal bone development.
Thalidomide demonstrates potential activity in multiple myeloma, primary amyloidosis, metastatic colorectal cancer, and acute myeloid leukemia, with notable improvements in patient survival rates and side effects observed.
Researchers at UCLA have discovered a new treatment that can reverse heart damage in children with acute myocarditis, an infection of the heart. The study used OKT3, an immunosuppressive treatment, to suppress the immune response and improve heart function in five critically ill children.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Oncology Center discovered a genetic alteration in tumor samples that predicts patient response to chemotherapy. The methyl-guanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) gene was found to be altered in 19 patients, resulting in better responses to chemotherapy and increased long-term survival.
Scientists at Virginia Tech have discovered a crucial mechanism behind the growth of calcium carbonate crystals, which help remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. The research could lead to novel materials with unique properties for medical and high-tech applications.
Astronomers using Chandra X-ray Observatory have discovered that protostars, the youngest stage of star formation, are marked by powerful X-rays from plasma ten times hotter and 100 to 100,000 times brighter than our Sun's flares. This has provided the closest look yet at the youngest stars in the Universe.
A study published in 1998 found that candidates received an average of 2.33% more votes when their names appeared first on the ballots. In Florida, Bush's name at the top of the ballot likely contributed to his win, particularly with less-than-1,000-vote difference between Gore and Bush.
A 52-week study found that patients treated with 6-12 mg of rivastigmine daily showed significantly better cognitive function than those on placebo or lower doses. The treatment reduced cognitive decline and improved outcomes in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease.
Sidney Drell, 74, has been honored with the Enrico Fermi Award for his work on arms control and particle physics. The award recognizes his pioneering research in quantum electrodynamics and his technical contributions to national security issues.
Early results from 19 patients treated in the Boston clinical trial show that Endostatin is safe and well-tolerated in high doses without any evidence of toxicity. Extended periods of stable disease and minor responses have been demonstrated, but further study is needed to determine its long-term effectiveness.
Researchers detect first P Cygni profile in X-rays, revealing a 4.5-million-mile-per-hour wind from a compact pair of stars. The discovery provides new insights into stellar winds and their role in astrophysics.
The US-funded Mag-train propulsion prototype, Seraphim, uses magnetic repulsion to push a vehicle forward and provide braking. It is expected to decrease environmental degradations and enable high-speed connections between cities in the western suburbs.
Researchers at UC Berkeley found that contract bridge players have increased numbers of immune cells after a game, suggesting a link between brain activity and the immune system. The study suggests that voluntary activities like bridge may help control white blood cell levels to combat disease.
Researchers found that PCNA and CAF-1 proteins work together to establish stably inherited silenced chromatin structures. This discovery sheds light on the mechanisms of gene expression inheritance in cells.
Human herpes virus 8 (HHV-8) is linked to Kaposi's sarcoma, a cancer often seen in people with compromised immune systems. Deep kissing and amyl nitrite use are risk factors for infection, according to a study published in the New England Journal of Medicine.
Researchers have developed diode-laser-based sensors to measure the properties of gases in industrial processes, such as monitoring combustion, propulsion, and air quality. The technology has shown promising results in detecting carbon monoxide emissions from cars and measuring ammonia densities with high accuracy.
Researchers at UIC successfully synthesized the rare molecule laulimalide, a potent anticancer compound with potential to surpass existing cancer drug Taxol. The stepwise synthesis allows for control of stereochemistry, enabling testing of variants with enhanced antitumor activity.
Researchers developed a new FISH-based method for detecting recurring bladder cancer, showing improved accuracy compared to urine cytology. The test detected high-grade cancers with over 95% accuracy and recurrence up to three months earlier than traditional methods.
Researchers at UCLA and Cambridge report a breakthrough in pain medicine that delivers painkillers directly to affected areas, eliminating unwanted side effects. A single injection of the new medication can alleviate pain for several days, offering a significant improvement over current treatments.
A fragment of a brain growth protein has been isolated that nurtures brain cells, potentially preventing loss of brain function caused by Alzheimer's disease. The fragment acts through mechanisms similar to its larger parent protein and has shown promise in maintaining nerve cell health.
A new gene therapy technique using stents with DNA delivery has shown promise in animal studies for treating coronary artery disease. The method uses a biodegradable film to release genes into cells on the artery wall, inhibiting cell growth and potentially preventing further damage.
A team of archaeologists led by Dr. Clark Erickson discovered a unique landscape-scale fishery operated by pre-Columbian native peoples in the Baures region of Bolivia. The ancient earthworks, built around 300 years ago, provided intensive aquaculture allowing for sustainable food production.
Researchers have identified four brain areas that are active in mouse mothers who exhibit aggressive behavior towards males, but not in non-aggressive females. This finding is an important step towards understanding the origins of maternal aggression and potentially informing strategies for reducing aggression in humans.
Researchers at Stanford University have developed a system to produce single photons 86% of the time, making it easier to detect intruders and ensure secure communications. This achievement takes cyberspace closer to quantum-secured information transfer.
Scientists have discovered genetic mutations causing hereditary lymphedema-distichiasis, a condition characterized by severe fluid retention and double rows of eyelashes. The FOXC2 gene on chromosome 16 is responsible for the mutations, which can also lead to heart defects, spinal abnormalities, and cleft palate.
A community-based intervention trial showed a significant decline in high-risk drinking and alcohol-related motor vehicle crashes and assaults. The study found that coordinated environmental strategies, including media advocacy and increased enforcement of drinking and driving laws, were effective in reducing these injuries.
The Hartford Institute for Geriatric Nursing awarded American Academy of Ambulatory Care Nursing and Emergency Nurses Association for creating a geriatric presence in their activities. The awards aim to strengthen partnerships between specialty nursing organizations and enhance nurses' knowledge and skills in caring for older adults.
A claims-based measurement system shows widespread underuse of necessary care among elderly Medicare beneficiaries, even among relatively well-insured populations. Underuse is more common among African Americans, residents of poverty areas, and those living in areas with a shortage of healthcare professionals.
A new sociological sampling method, called respondent-driven sampling, can identify hard-to-reach groups. By analyzing the connections between individuals in a group, researchers can gather information and correct for biases to obtain a representative sample of populations such as drug users, jazz musicians, and other marginalized groups.
Teenagers who smoke at least one pack of cigarettes a day are at greater risk of developing agoraphobia, generalized anxiety disorder, and panic disorder in young adulthood. However, the study found no significant association between teenagers with anxiety disorders and chronic smoking as young adults.
A Carnegie Mellon University computer model performed as well as a human in managing seven tasks simultaneously and coping with frequent interruptions. The training advantages of the model are enormous, allowing operators to gain valuable experience at much less cost.
Scientists at UNC-CH are studying the effects of hazardous waste on human health and environment. They are developing new strategies for cleaning up Superfund sites, including techniques to measure oxidative stress and understand genetic traits that make individuals more susceptible.
A controlled trial of a warfarin therapy control program demonstrated its effectiveness in reducing major bleeding and maintaining acceptable blood clotting levels in elderly patients. The study also found that immediate treatment for mild chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) would increase survival and reduce costs.
A new study by researchers at Wake Forest University found a strong association between exposure to violence and the use of violence by young adolescents. The study, which included 722 Georgia middle school students living in or around public housing, found that even if children are exposed to other risk factors, social learning from e...
A study found that women aged 52-69 who do not receive regular mammograms or Pap smears cite similar barriers to screening, including fears about embarrassment and inaccurate tests. The researchers recommend tailored interventions to address these misconceptions.
A study found that ephedra-containing dietary supplements can cause cardiac arrests, strokes, and permanent brain damage, with some users experiencing unreported adverse effects. Researchers urge the FDA to establish safe daily doses and mandatory labeling.
Researchers found that male mice genetically altered to lack estrogen receptors became obese, with up to 170% increase in fat storage. Estrogen was also linked to improved fat burning ability in both males and females, challenging previous understanding of its role in female physiology.
The study found that comprehensive community prevention programs can reduce alcohol-related traffic crashes, injuries from crashes, and assaults by up to 43% and 51%. The intervention communities experienced substantial reductions in self-reported alcohol consumption and heavy drinking.
Geochemist Jeffrey Severinghaus will investigate the stability of past and future climates using a new technology for extracting air samples from ancient ice cores. His research aims to decipher how methane hydrates contribute to the atmospheric methane budget and potentially trigger catastrophic climate changes.
A recent study found that 57% of women who drank in bars reported experiencing verbal or physical aggression. Women should be aware of their own risky behaviors and the bar environment's impact on aggression.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine have discovered how the brain prepares to solve problems. The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) becomes active when a person is getting ready to perform a task, and its activation is associated with representing and maintaining attentional demands.