Researchers found that using rewards with naltrexone significantly improved treatment retention and naltrexone compliance. Patients who earned vouchers for drug-free behavior saw an increase in these outcomes.
A study by Johns Hopkins Medicine found that 18% of schoolchildren experience food-allergy attacks, with milk and peanut being the most common culprits. Parents and schools must work together to provide emergency plans and medication to prevent reactions.
A UCSF study of exclusive receptive oral intercourse with a male partner found a very low probability of acquiring HIV. The study involved 198 participants, none of whom contracted HIV through oral sex.
A recent study published in Clinical Therapeutics found that reminder programs may not improve medication adherence among patients taking pravastatin. Patients who complied with their medication regimen were more likely to adopt other coronary risk-reducing behaviors, such as regular exercise and better eating habits.
Advanced practice nurse home visits significantly lower infant mortality, preterm births, and rehospitalizations. The intervention also yields substantial savings to the healthcare system.
A study found a 99.65% chance of survival for newborns with minimal environmental factors, while space flight reduced sleep-related disturbances by 55%. Undiagnosed airflow obstruction affects 12% of older US adults, with mild cases often leading to pronounced shortness of breath.
Researchers have identified scientifically based selection criteria for patients seeking lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) as a potential treatment for advanced emphysema. High-risk patients with severe lung damage and poor outcomes after surgery are no longer being enrolled in the study, but will continue to receive medical treatment.
A nationwide study by Ohio State University researchers found that gun owners have less faith in the federal government than non-owners. The study controlled for various factors, including political ideology and fear of crime, and found a significant correlation between distrust of government and gun ownership.
Researchers found that individuals who separate their identity from negatively perceived organizations are more likely to maintain a positive distinctiveness and distance themselves from those stereotypes. This phenomenon, called disidentification, often leads to action against the organization.
Research at the University of Minnesota suggests that early drinking is a symptom of an underlying predisposition to alcoholism and other behavioral problems. Early drinkers are more likely to experience drug abuse, delinquency, antisocial behavior, and decreased educational attainment.
A team of four researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute has received a $1 million grant to solve various problems using inverse problems, a branch of applied mathematics. They aim to develop algorithms for detecting tumors, locating submerged objects, and identifying cracks in airplanes using low-frequency elastic waves.
A study found that moderate alcohol exposure during early pregnancy can cause noticeable reductions in infant attention and motor maturity, similar to continuous or late exposure. This contradicts previous research suggesting growth and behavioral problems only occur with later exposure.
Researchers at Yale University have identified a genetic cause of high blood pressure, a condition that affects 25% of adult populations. The study found two genes that contribute to the disease, which is linked to increased salt reabsorption and diminished potassium secretion in the kidneys.
A recent study by Carnegie Mellon scientists discovered that reading and listening to identical sentences produce systematically different brain activation patterns. The right hemisphere was less active during reading, while the left-hemisphere's pars triangularis region showed increased activation in listening comprehension. This sugg...
A genetic mutation known as Id1 may help detect melanoma early, when it's still curable. High levels of Id1 are found only in the first stages of melanoma, making it a potential diagnostic marker.
A new NASA satellite sensor and field experiment reveals that aerosols can both cool the surface and warm the atmosphere. By analyzing data from the Indian Ocean Experiment (INDOEX) campaign, scientists found a regional cooling effect of up to three times greater than the warming effect of greenhouse gases.
Medical school leaders in the US express concerns about the health and quality of their clinical research enterprises, citing pressure on faculty to see patients, insufficient revenues, and difficulties recruiting trained researchers. Despite some positive findings, many believe that addressing these challenges is crucial for advancing...
Deregulated electric utilities will need to change their marketing strategies to provide standardized information, enabling consumers to make informed choices. The study found that people prefer to choose utilities by comparing standardized labels, similar to shopping for food at the supermarket.
Researchers found that HIV-induced changes in B cells lead to dysfunctional antibody production and increased risk of cancer. The study provides a key tool to investigate how HIV causes B-cell malfunction and may lead to the development of new treatments for HIV-infected individuals.
The Mayo Clinic emphasizes the need for quality web-based genetics information for patients and physicians. Researchers found that patients often turn to the internet for genetic information, but may find it confusing and inaccurate. Centralizing access to reliable websites and improving readability could address these issues.
The Penn team will focus on contusions and examine individual neurons' responses to injury. They aim to identify patterns of genes and proteins that are activated or suppressed, which could lead to new medications and treatments.
Researchers found that an early AFD is associated with increased rates of substance abuse, mental health problems, and educational underachievement. Early drinking is also linked to genetic risk for disinhibitory behaviors, suggesting it may be a symptom rather than a cause of alcoholism.
Researchers found no significant differences in sexual development between children fed cow milk and soy formulas, despite concerns over phytoestrogens. The study, spanning nearly three decades, suggests long-term exposure to soy-based infant formula may not have a 'feminizing' effect on children.