Research finds that treating high-risk older adults with hypertension is more effective at preventing cardiovascular events than those with lower risk levels. The study suggests that doctors should not hesitate to treat patients with multiple risk factors.
Premenopausal women who use oral contraceptives may experience lower bone mineral density compared to those who do not use hormonal birth control. The Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study found a significant correlation between oral contraceptive use and decreased bone mineral density in premenopausal women.
A new AIDS vaccine developed by Yale researchers has shown promising results in protecting monkeys from the disease. The vaccine, which uses a common livestock virus vector, was highly effective in animal models and protected vaccinated monkeys for up to 14 months.
Research suggests a genetic polymorphism in neuropeptide Y may decrease risk of Type I and II alcoholism, a surprise finding that challenges previous expectations. The study, published in Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research, found the Pro(7) substitution to be associated with lower rates of alcohol dependence.
Researchers found that maternal temperatures only slightly increased after epidural anesthesia, regardless of patient size or length of anesthesia. Epidural fever was experienced by 25 patients, but the risk was not correlated with body mass index or surface area.
A new analysis found that self-esteem among college students has risen significantly over the past 25 years, yet there is no clear correlation with positive societal changes. Researchers question whether the self-esteem movement has actually done more harm than good.
A study found that a person's neighborhood alcohol-outlet density is a significant risk factor for certain injuries, including sprains and bruises. The research suggests that programs and policies aimed at reducing alcohol-related problems should consider the role of neighborhood alcohol outlets.
A study by UC Berkeley researchers found that a specific type of soy protein called lunasin can prevent the development of skin tumors in mice. The high dose group showed a 70% lower incidence of tumors compared to the control group, with fewer tumors per mouse and a two-week delay in appearance.
A two-year study found that first-year medical students who received visual training on detailed artworks improved their observational skills by 10 percent. This improvement enabled them to make correct diagnoses without relying on costly blood tests and x-rays.
Purdue University engineers used genetic algorithms to design innovative constellations of satellites orbiting the Earth, reducing blackout times by 90 minutes. The algorithm discovered unconventional designs with non-equal spaced satellites, offering better performance and surprising aerospace experts.
The study explores the sanctioned and unsanctioned use of stimulants among Canadian adolescents. It highlights concerns about parental and peer involvement in prescription stimulant use, as well as the risks associated with long-term use.
A study by Cornell University researchers found that only 19% of single employees used Medical FSAs, while 33% of those with dependents participated. Higher education significantly boosted FSA participation among singles and families alike. Tax rates were also predictive of participation.
Researchers found that gamma-delta T cells play a crucial role in local immunity and can kill tumor cells by expressing NKG2d protein. In contrast, alpha-beta T cells surprisingly promote skin cancer development and progression in models of skin cancer.
The NHGRI awarded Yale University a $15 million grant to develop new genomic approaches and understand the regulation of hundreds or thousands of genes. The team aims to elucidate the functions of unknown DNA regions in the human genome.
A study of 2,437 HIV-infected adults found that patients with case managers had fewer unmet needs and higher use of HIV medications. Screening for hereditary colorectal cancer has been shown to work and may be cost-effective, particularly for relatives of affected individuals.
Researchers at Ohio State University have developed a new DNA-based vaccine approach that successfully immunizes mice against anthrax. The vaccine uses combinations of two gene products produced by the bacteria responsible for causing anthrax, resulting in strong immune responses.
A 250-participant study found that exercise programs reduced the risk of disability in older adults with knee osteoarthritis. The results suggest that physical exercise can play a crucial role in maintaining independence and reducing disabilities as people age.
Researchers have found that certain types of iron are naturally good at fixing nitrogen from the air, a process essential for life on Earth. This discovery could lead to more efficient and eco-friendly fertilizers, reducing the industry's environmental impact.
A four-year project led by Virginia Tech aims to investigate the social and economic effects of agricultural biotechnologies. The study will examine the distributional effects of early adopters versus late adopters, as well as the impact on producers and consumers.
A clinical trial found acupuncture to be as effective as the commonly used medication ondansetron in reducing postoperative nausea and vomiting. Additionally, women who received acupuncture reported lower levels of moderate to severe pain after breast surgery, a surprising discovery that opens up new possibilities for pain management.
Five Yale researchers will continue their brain disorder research with a combined $100,000 in funding, totaling $3.9 million among 40 honored recipients. This support aims to discover causes and treatments for mental illness.
A study of Mexican American women who report physical or sexual assault finds a strong relationship between alcohol abuse disorders and past victimization. This association remains even after controlling for other factors, suggesting that trauma may be part of the clinical picture in the present.
A North Carolina State University graduate student has discovered a nearly hatched dinosaur embryo in a well-preserved dinosaur egg unearthed over 30 years ago in Alabama. The discovery, made by James Lamb, is the first of its kind in the eastern United States and provides new insights into dinosaurs' diets and climate.
Local experts urge a $300 million increase in Ryan White/CARE Act funding to ensure stable medical care and treatment for newly diagnosed patients. HIV infection can be managed as a chronic disease with access to services and new anti-AIDS drugs.
Researchers developed a conflict early warning system to predict instability in countries like Afghanistan and Pakistan. The tool uses numerical scores based on civil contention, state repression, and violence to indicate a country's stability.
A study finds that alcohol consumption is associated with unsafe sex among injection drug users, leading to increased HIV transmission risk. The research suggests that addressing alcohol use and disorders in this population is crucial for preventing the spread of HIV.
Research shows waves in southern California and the North Pacific have increased in size and intensity over the past half century due to stronger wind and storm activity. The approach direction of winter ocean swells has rotated from northwesterly to westerly, reducing natural sheltering effects and increasing direct impacts on the coast.
A recent study published in Journal of Nutrition found that human intestinal cells with excess iron are more susceptible to bacterial infection. The researchers suggest that fortifying foods with high doses of iron may be causing other health problems and recommend a revision of the standard policy of iron fortification.