Researchers found that infected individuals can transmit HIV to others through a single sexual encounter, often before developing flu-like symptoms. The study emphasizes the importance of not engaging in unsafe sex and highlights the need for early intervention to prevent rapid epidemic spread.
Researchers found a link between higher levels of antibodies neutralizing toxins and better kidney function in patients after heart surgery. The study suggests potential interventions to protect kidneys from endotoxins released by bacteria during surgery.
The Biomedical Informatics Research Network (BIRN) will share digital magnetic resonance images and advanced 3-D microscope images using high-bandwidth networking technologies. Researchers can study linkages between animal models of human diseases and data from patients suffering with these diseases.
A new bacteria test has shown promise in detecting contaminated platelets before they are used for transfusion, reducing the risk of severe illness and death. The Pall BDS system measures oxygen levels in a sample obtained from a platelet unit, indicating bacterial contamination and allowing for safe disposal.
Researchers at Gladstone Institute discover HIV can infect naïve T cells, explaining how T-cell numbers diminish and leave the body susceptible to opportunistic infections. Infected naïve cells die, eliminating immune system's ability to respond to opportunistic infections characteristic of AIDS.
The Center for Informal Learning and Schools (CILS) aims to prepare leaders in informal science education, conduct research, and provide professional development opportunities. Researchers will examine innovative methods of science teaching and design creative learning environments.
A recent Mayo Clinic study suggests that the full-length mutant protein is responsible for toxicity in Huntington's disease, challenging traditional theories of clip-and-release. This new understanding may lead to more effective therapies by targeting the aberrant interactions of the mutant protein.
A team of UNC researchers has made a significant discovery about the role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in remyelination, the process by which nerve cells regain their natural fatty sheath. The study found that this cytokine plays a critical role in white matter repair and induces the production of nerve precursor cells.
Researchers found motor vehicle crashes cause 82% of traumatic fetal deaths, with young mothers aged 15-19 at highest risk. The study suggests incorporating fetal deaths into data systems and conducting prevention research to reduce crash risks.
A recent study found that women who worked the graveyard shift had a 60% increased risk of breast cancer compared to those who did not work nights. The risk also increased with each additional hour of graveyard shift work.
Researchers found that 60% of patients received first-line antibiotics and had a 90.1% success rate, while those who received second-line antibiotics had a similar 90.8% success rate but were more expensive.
Researchers found that morphine significantly relieved both types of pain, while lidocaine only relieved stump pain. The study suggests different therapeutic sensitivities and mechanisms for stump and phantom pain. Morphine's action on both peripheral and central nervous systems may provide new treatment options.
Researchers found that signals from fat cells can directly influence neurons outside of the brain, affecting the storage and burning of fat. The study suggests that nerve cells outside of the brain secrete a messenger called neuropeptide Y to prevent fat deposits from being burned for energy.