A new protocol developed by Penn State professor Jonghun Park can allocate resources up to 10 times faster than existing technology. The decentralized protocol allows for efficient resource allocation, solves deadlock and livelock problems, and enables collaboration across multiple independent organizations.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania found that a readily available chemical called sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (NaDDBS) can disperse nanotubes in water with remarkable efficiency. This discovery represents an important step towards wider applications of nanotubes.
NASA's Aqua satellite and a P-3 Orion aircraft are conducting a joint research effort to gather data on snowfall and rainfall in Wakasa Bay, Japan. The study aims to improve the accuracy of global hydrologic cycle data and better understand precipitation patterns in the north Pacific.
The collaboration between Rice University and IBM aims to improve the understanding of carbon nanotubes' mechanical, structural, and electronic properties. By utilizing the powerful CBEN supercomputer, researchers can tackle complex quantum mysteries and develop new algorithms for theoretical molecular science.
A newly discovered cellular process allows cells to initiate a series of events that halt the growth of damaged cells and help them survive. The activation of ATM, an enzyme that responds to DNA damage, enables cells to better respond to cancer-causing mutations and environmental toxins.
Researchers found that MRI accurately diagnosed acute coronary syndrome in 84% of patients, outperforming traditional tests like EKG and blood enzyme test. MRI detected all patients' heart attacks, even those with normal EKGs, and identified more patients with unstable angina.
Scientists studying the western Pacific Ocean find regional changes in saltiness correspond to changes in upper ocean heat content before an El Nino event. Observing salinity improves predictions, suggesting a lag time of six to 12 months for modifications in ocean layers.
New England waters show little net change in acidity despite Clean Air Act reductions, researchers say; further changes expected as nitrogen regulations take effect.
A UC Irvine study found that adding antioxidants to insulin therapy can improve its ability to reduce blood sugar and prevent organ damage. Treating rats with insulin alone only partially succeeded, but vitamins C and E spared sugars, proteins, and nitric oxide from attack.
Researchers found that B cells and antibodies are essential for controlling the infection in mice. Without them, even low doses of the virus can be deadly. The study's findings may explain why elderly people and those with weakened immunity are more likely to develop serious disease.
A recent study found that white tea extract protects the skin's immune system by preventing oxidative stress. The extract also limits DNA damage and promotes anti-aging benefits, suggesting potential protection against skin cancer.
Researchers successfully treated 42 individual kidney tumors using minimally invasive RFA, with all surface tumors completely destroyed. Patients with limited kidney function maintained good kidney function and had no local recurrence of the treated tumor.
A comprehensive study of 2,881 gay men in major US cities found that domestic violence is an equal opportunity epidemic, with HIV-positive individuals and younger men disproportionately affected. The research highlights the need for improved support systems and training for medical professionals to address male-male domestic violence.
Research finds that forest fragmentation leads to increased blacklegged tick populations, particularly in areas with small forest fragments. This could lead to a higher risk of Lyme disease for people living nearby, as these ticks are the primary carriers of the bacteria.
Research found significant species diversity in riparian areas, with up to 40 times more exotic species per plot compared to uplands. Flood frequency also impacts species richness, with decreased numbers of exotic species as flood frequency decreases.
Researchers found that school-forming goat fish synchronize their activity patterns to increase food catch. This synchronization strategy is effective even in chaotic systems, where individual behavior can vary wildly.
A study found that California's marine reserves cannot protect the state's low red abalone population from being overhunted by sea otters. The researchers suggest that single-use reserves focus on either ecosystem restoration or fishery development instead.
A study by Ohio State University found that topical oxygen therapy significantly improved healing rates for difficult-to-treat wounds, including diabetic hand ulcers and bedsores. The therapy, which involves applying pure oxygen to the wound, showed a 75% healing rate for acute traumatic injuries.
Researchers at Penn GSE will collaborate with city government and the school district to create the Kids' Integrated Database System, merging databases for over 250,000 Philadelphia children. The KIDS system aims to examine high-priority issues in early childhood development, including school readiness, foster care, and special education.
The study found that despite huge habitat losses, up to 90% of original crustacean diversity may still survive in the few remaining seasonal wetlands in Illinois. The researchers sampled 33 crustacean species from 13 ponds and estimated there could have been as many as 85 species originally.
The new flat motor can be configured in various formats, including a thin version that can drive changes in airplane wing camber or serve as the drive element in compact laptop computers. The prototype has reached high speeds and maximum torque of 0.4 Nm, with cost estimates as low as $10 for mass production.
Researchers found that female Mexican Spotted Owls spent 60% less time on prey-handling activities with high hiking intensity. The study recommends protecting owl habitat during the nesting season by limiting hiking or establishing buffers around nest sites.
The introduction of non-native species has accelerated invasions, with many becoming economically beneficial but ecologically destructive. Biocontrol methods are often ineffective and can harm native species.
Research shows that population stability and size tend to increase with community diversity, likely due to variation in local productivity. This finding challenges ecological theory, which predicts a decline in population stability as community diversity increases.
Researchers discover that bacteria in coastal wetlands respond to phosphorus, not nitrogen, and that controlling phosphorus is key to maintaining water quality. This finding highlights the importance of considering both nutrients when managing coastal ecosystems.
A new study by American Academy of Neurology found that patients with epilepsy who respond positively to medication do not necessarily have a good long-term outcome. The study analyzed 333 adults with epilepsy and found that younger patients were more likely to experience remission periods without seizures before undergoing surgery.
Children with a first unprovoked seizure are unlikely to develop epilepsy, and most will have few or no recurrences. Individualized assessment of the child's medical history and neurological exam can help determine the best course of action.
A study found that conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplements reduced body mass and improved management of adult-onset diabetes. Higher CLA levels were linked to lower leptin levels, a hormone regulating fat levels.
Researchers found that CRP levels above 3.0mg/L significantly increased the risk of heart attacks, strokes, and death from cardiovascular disease in women with metabolic syndrome. Higher CRP levels were also associated with higher cardiovascular risk, even among those with lower CRP levels.
A new study confirms the link between exercise and brain changes in aging humans using high-resolution MRI. Fitness slows down age-related decline in brain density, particularly in gray and white matter.
A recent study by Dr. Michelle A. Miller-Day found that 70% of adolescents prefer discussing important topics with their mothers. The study, which surveyed 67 African-American and White teens aged 11-17, suggests that teenagers are more likely to confide in their mothers about drug use and extend those conversations to their peer groups.
Researchers found that age of onset, type of surgery, and history of febrile seizures are related to the amount of time before seizures become intractable. In patients whose seizures began before age 5, it took an average of 15 years for their seizures to become intractable.
The UCR Genomics Institute will establish a proteomics laboratory to study plant, insect, and pathogen interactions essential for enhancing the world's food supply. The grant will provide key equipment for researchers to develop new strains of crops that will be the basis of sustainable agriculture and food production.
Scientists at Cardiff University have developed a new protein to help manage acute infection and inflammation. The protein has been jointly investigated by Dr Simon Jones and Dr Nicholas Topley for several years, revealing its potential in treating chronic disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and bacterial peritonitis.
Researchers at Jefferson Lab have successfully generated terahertz radiation 20,000 times brighter than ever before using the Free-Electron Laser. This breakthrough enables a range of applications, including enhanced detection of concealed weapons, improved medical imaging, and real-time chemical analysis.
The AMANDA telescope, a massive structure in Antarctica, has successfully tracked high-energy neutrinos to their sources. By pinpointing the direction of these elusive subatomic particles, scientists can gain insights into cosmic events and the origins of the universe.
Scientists have discovered how the strep bacterium evades destruction by the human immune system, leading to new research on vaccine candidates and therapy interventions. The study found that GAS becomes more resilient to ingestion and killing by PMNs over time or produces factors that alter normal PMN function.
Researchers will track students' math skills in grades 1-3 to identify early warning signs of learning disabilities and develop more effective teaching methods.
Researchers create device that measures muscle cell forces by measuring displacement of individual needles. The study reveals the relationship between cell shape and contraction force, as well as resolving conflicting scientific reports on cellular forces.
A recent study by W. Allen Hogge, M.D., found that nearly 56% of miscarriages are caused by chromosomal abnormalities, with higher rates among women over 35. The study recommends regular karyotyping tests after the second loss and more advanced testing only when no genetic abnormality is found.
Researchers uncover molecular signal critical for selective recruitment of viral RNA segments to form complete flu genome. This discovery may help develop new vaccines and antiviral drugs targeting the genetic trick used by the flu virus.
Researchers have discovered a novel protein, Ang4, produced by Paneth cells in the intestinal lining that can kill certain types of gut microbes. This finding suggests that Ang4 may play a crucial role in maintaining gut health and preventing infection.
A study found that premature babies with mild to moderate oxygen deprivation during or immediately after birth had significantly lower cognitive and language skills compared to those with no such risk. The researchers suggest that even minor risk of hypoxia may be associated with damage to the brain's periventricular white matter.
Dr. Ted Fon, a renowned Parkinson's Disease researcher, has been awarded a significant grant by the Michael J. Fox Foundation to investigate the role of protein degradation in the disease. The grant aims to enhance understanding of parkin function and its potential impact on dopamine nerve cell death.
A new compound has been discovered that can inhibit the formation of biofilms in bacteria, which are often lethal to patients with compromised immune systems. The compound works by disrupting quorum sensing, a process that allows bacterial cells to communicate and mount an effective attack.
Research by Dr. Marja J. van Wijk reveals that microparticles can damage blood vessels and disrupt their function, contributing to pre-eclampsia. Oestrogen administration may improve vessel functioning in affected women.
Elderly persons who developed dementia showed similar performance in word pair memory tests without semantic link as those without dementia. However, implicit recall tests improved prediction of dementia risk. Researchers recommend using memory tests that also consider semantic and implicit memory.
A study explores the attitudes and experiences of middle-aged male managers and professionals in their late 40s and 50s, revealing a mixed picture with both benefits and risks. The research highlights the need for alternative solutions to traditional early retirement options, including part-time working and job-shares.
A study by Dr. Danielle Mohren found that employees in demanding jobs suffer from colds 20% more often than those in less demanding positions. Fatigue and burnout also increase the risk of infections, particularly gastroenteritis. The research highlights a clear link between working conditions and health.
A study of multinational crews found they work effectively when conditions are right, with good relationships between ethnic groups. However, communication is the main challenge, leading to loneliness and isolation if crew members don't speak the ship language fluently.
Researchers used palytoxin to pry open the sodium/potassium pump's nature, revealing it as a more elaborate version of an ion channel. The study may pave the way for better treatments for hypertension and heart failure.
Research reveals a strong link between poor amino acid breakdown and increased heart disease risk. Folic acid supplementation shows promise in reducing homocysteine levels and associated cardiovascular disease.
Vision researchers found that rhodopsin molecules pair up in neat double rows on the outer-segment disc membranes of rods. This arrangement allows for efficient absorption of dim light and amplification of faint signals, enabling the brain to detect individual photons.
The partnership enables mill operators to better manage contaminants that foul machinery, reducing water usage by 50% and estimated annual cost savings of $250,000. The technology uses UV-Vis spectrophotometer hardware and software analysis tools to measure particle stability in papermaking process streams.
A new web-based system is being tested to improve winter road treatment. The Maintenance Decision Support System (MDSS) uses computer models to project hour-by-hour weather and road conditions up to two days in advance. This allows users to make informed decisions about road treatments, potentially saving lives and reducing costs.
A computer model developed by Brink found that reducing ammonia emission can increase nitrous oxide and methane emissions. The most effective measures to decrease all three emissions involve adjusting feed, improving fertiliser use, and increasing animal productivity.
HIV patients who use self-distraction techniques or drugs to cope with stress report reduced energy levels and social activity limitations. Pain affects daily activities, work performance, and school performance.
Researchers found that people with big problems need space to sort out their lives, but the British approach to welfare-to-work is a compromise between 'work-first' and 'human capital' objectives. The study highlights the need for a wider concept of work-life balance to enable individuals with multiple problems to get permanent paid jobs.
A study by Mirjam Smeets reveals that haptoglobin inhibits collagen breakdown and improves cell migration in damaged blood vessels. This discovery may lead to the development of drugs to prevent rehospitalization for patients after percutaneous angioplasty.
Invasive seaweed Caulerpa brachypus is smothering coral reefs in Florida, forcing lobsters and fish away. A new study aims to understand the spread of this species and how to control its growth, driven by nutrient pollution from land-based sources.