Researchers are turning to gene banking as an alternative to in situ conservation, using cryopreservation technologies to store viable cell lines from over 3,200 individual mammals, birds, and reptiles. This approach will be crucial for conserving endangered species' genetic material for future research and potential reintroduction.
Scientists say tech can't replace essential skills like reading and writing for blind individuals, emphasizing the need for Braille. Meanwhile, technological advancements help hearing-impaired individuals and those with motor disabilities, promoting job skills and inclusivity.
Computer simulations can examine the performance of representative structures under blast loadings, exploring design alternatives. Researchers aim to distribute blast resistance capabilities more broadly across infrastructure, addressing technology areas through component testing and simulation.
Destructive fishing practices, such as bottom trawls, result in massive bycatch and habitat destruction, threatening the survival of fisheries. Experts agree that there are solutions, but change requires political will and action.
Scientists emphasize the need for improved nitrogen management to address its impact on the environment, human health, and agriculture. Targeted research and educational programs can optimize fertilizer efficiency, reducing environmental damage and associated economic costs.
U of MN researchers identified proteins FRGY2a and FRGY2b that disassemble nucleoli without other protein help. This discovery may lead to understanding normal cell development and human diseases.
Researchers are re-examining Darwin's sexual selection theory, finding it doesn't fit many species' behaviors. Scientists propose a more comprehensive approach incorporating social and reproductive roles in sexuality.
Scientists are developing a comprehensive microbial forensics infrastructure to track down pathogens and infer their origin. The goal is to use genetic information to identify the source of outbreaks, such as anthrax attacks, and provide quality control for new molecular methods like genome sequencing.
Researchers have analyzed fossil records of plants and insects to understand how the Earth's climate has changed over time. The study reveals that the K-T boundary, which marked the extinction of dinosaurs, was caused by an extraterrestrial impact, while the P-E interval saw a more gradual change due to global warming.
Using adaptive optics, researchers can now clearly see features such as blood flow in the retina, enabling early diagnosis of diseases. This technology will help eye doctors track changes in patients with conditions like diabetes and glaucoma.
Researchers discovered a promising drug, benfotiamine, that completely blocked three biochemical pathways damaging blood vessels in diabetic rats. The study found that benfotiamine successfully normalized retinal tissue and prevented diabetic retinopathy in the animals.
Researchers found that during a short-term global warming event, animals became smaller due to the effects of elevated carbon dioxide levels on plant growth. As climate returned to normal, animals regained their normal size.
The symposium explored microbial forensics, a discipline combining public health epidemiology and law enforcement to investigate biocrimes. Key findings include recommendations for future action to address biocrimes posing threats to public health and stability.
Warren Washington predicts that the global climate will continue to warm into the 22nd century, albeit at a slower rate than if emissions are not controlled. Climate extremes such as heat waves, floods, and droughts are expected to become more severe and frequent.
A study conducted by Georgia Tech researchers found a significant association between academic collaboration and scientific publishing productivity. Collaboration emerged as the strongest predictor of productivity, with scientists working in fields like chemistry exhibiting high productivity rates.
Experts are exploring ways to validate and interpret genetic information from microbes in court cases. The lack of established standards poses a challenge, but advancements in molecular technology have made it possible to analyze DNA and RNA levels with new insights.
Researchers are uncovering key genes and their interactions in diseases such as Down's Syndrome, autism, and tuberculosis. The goal is to identify markers for disorders like autism that could be detected by blood tests, and develop new treatments like drugs targeting gene adaptation mechanisms.
A study by Tufts University civil engineering professor Paul Kirshen predicts that Boston's rising sea levels could cause over $20 billion in damages over the next century, with costs reaching up to $94 billion if severe weather conditions are exceeded. The research highlights three scenarios for government response, including 'Ride-It...
Elizabeth Loftus presents her latest research on false memories, showing that suggestive interviewing and visual cues can plant false memories in people. Her studies have challenged the idea that memories are reliable and accurate.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have created SNOMAD and DRAGON to help decipher the complex patterns of gene activity in brain tissue. By applying these tools to microarray data from conditions like Down syndrome, they aim to identify genes involved in causing problems.
A study found that mice deficient in RGS2, a regulatory protein, exhibited persistent vessel constriction and strongly hypertensive effects. This suggests that abnormally prolonged GPCR signaling may contribute to the onset of hypertension.
Researchers find that coastal ecosystems are fragmented into smaller neighborhoods, with varying species distributions and abundance rates along the coast. The study uses innovative technologies to measure wave forces and track marine organism movement, shedding light on the complex dynamics of ocean ecosystems.
The US government's efforts to declassify historic records have been met with frustration from historians and researchers, who face security restrictions and lengthy review processes. Despite these challenges, Meade emphasizes the need for thoughtful declassification to balance secrecy and scholarship.
Researchers are exploring the potential for plant-based therapeutics and edible vaccines in medicine. The symposium aims to understand how individual variations affect reactions to food and drugs.
A symposium at Stanford Medicine explores the ethics of using race as a research variable, with Dr. Cho arguing that genetic differences are often misrepresented by racial classification. The discussion focuses on the implications of this approach for drug development and our understanding of human identity.
A new study suggests that the brain's language centers may be identified using the genetic expression of certain brain receptors in vocal-learning birds and mammals. The research, led by neurobiologist Erich D. Jarvis, reveals a highly specialized pattern in the genetic expression of these receptors in songbirds capable of vocal learning.
Researchers found that RGS2-deficient mice developed strongly hypertensive conditions and persistent vessel constriction due to prolonged GPCR signaling. Genetic defects affecting RGS2 function may also contribute to hypertension in humans, according to findings published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation.
Researchers explore how artists like Monet and da Vinci use light, color, and vision to create illusions of space and color. Neuroscientist Margaret Livingstone explains that luminance and flat-reflecting mediums influence visual perception, making objects appear differently in various situations.
Scientists have identified a key protein involved in regulating blood pressure, RGS2, which works by stopping the action of angiotensin II and enabling arterioles to relax. This discovery may lead to new ways of diagnosing and treating high blood pressure in individuals with underlying genetic defects or differences.
A professor at Stanford University suggests a genetic mutation triggered modern human behavior, contradicting the majority of anthropologists. Genetic analysis of the foxp2 gene supports his theory, suggesting it evolved around 50,000 years ago.
Research suggests that postnatal experiences can affect brain development and function in individuals with Fragile X syndrome, a genetic disorder causing mental retardation, and schizophrenia, a severe emotional disorder. Abnormalities in synaptic pruning processes and neurotransmitter regulation are common to both conditions.
Researchers are conducting studies on shrimp to better understand the genetic basis for proteins causing allergic responses. By altering the epitopes in shrimp allergens, binding action could be stopped, potentially leading to allergen-free foods.
Gavin Sherlock, PhD, director of the Stanford Microarray Database, discusses the history of gene microarray databases and their growing importance in making research data publicly available. A common standard, Minimal Information About a Microarray Experiment, has been established to facilitate easy access to the data.
Researchers from PISCO integrate genetics, microchemistry, and computer mapping to understand coastal ecosystems. They discover coastal hotspots with abundant food and faster growth rates, and track larvae movements using mini-flight recorder technology.
Scientists are developing new approaches to disaster prevention, including tools for wildfire management and prediction systems for heavy rainfall and landslides. These initiatives aim to reduce the impact of extreme weather events on communities.
A new laser-based technique could aid in drug design and testing for various neurological disorders, enabling the discovery of compounds to block cocaine poisoning effects. The technique allows researchers to study signal transmission between cells and identify potential therapeutic agents.
The Tribal Environmental and Natural Resources Management (TENRM) program combines Western science with Native American perspectives, providing a unique educational approach. The program addresses the lack of Native Americans in STEM fields, offering flexible curriculum and support to students.
Research by Stanford's Eric Knudsen shows that barn owl's brain mapping can be altered by early life experiences, leading to a persistent effect on visual and auditory navigation. Young owls wearing lenses that shift their visual world can develop a new mental map, but adult owls without this experience cannot form a new map.
Researchers are using innovative new tools to study coastal ecosystems, including genetic mapping of marine populations and remote ocean sensing. These tools are helping scientists understand the dynamics of ocean environments and track the movement of marine species.
Researchers are investigating novel quantum states by examining materials in reduced dimensions, which confine electron flow. This approach has led to the discovery of unusual metals and a better understanding of phase transitions at quantum limits.
Researchers at UCSC have linked oceanographic events with rockfish recruitment patterns, finding two distinct groups of species responding differently to warm and cold water conditions. The study provides insights into the year-to-year variation in replenishment of these fish populations.
Dr. Uma Chowdhry highlights emerging technologies, including biotechnology and nanotechnology, to develop new products and processes using renewable resources. DuPont has set goals to derive 25% of revenues from non-depletable resources by 2010.
The American Society for Microbiology has adopted policies to deal with publications that may describe misuse of microbiology or select agents. The ASM Publication Board requires research articles to contain sufficient detail to permit repetition by others and authors must agree to supply materials in accordance with laws and regulations.
Fotini Markopoulo Kalamara presents a fresh approach to researching theoretical possibilities for looking inside black holes and at particles of space/time. She proposes that an 'inside' quantum theory of gravity should be the collection of all partial observations of the inside observers.
Food-borne illness remains a major concern despite a safe food supply, as supermarkets increasingly rely on procedures and processes to meet growing demand for diverse international foods. International supermarket chains have a strong motivation to ensure food safety due to liability concerns and damage to reputation.
A team of researchers has found that Trichostatin A significantly reduces excess protein in urine and spleen weight in mice with systemic lupus. The compound may have therapeutic benefits for humans with the disease, which affects up to 70% of lupus patients.
A team from Los Alamos National Laboratory has mapped the hydrogen distribution on Mars, indicating significant water reserves near the surface and subsurface. The findings suggest that Mars could support future human exploration with its extensive water resources.
The symposium aims to highlight problems with premature publication and press briefings, showcasing the need for peer review and fair journalistic practices. AAAS emphasizes the importance of scientists explaining their research in plain language, addressing misconceptions about open-access publishing systems.
Journal editors emphasize protecting the integrity of scientific research through reproducibility and security measures. They advocate for self-governance in publishing potentially sensitive research to balance benefits with risks.
Researchers at UC Santa Barbara have developed new tools to study the near-shore environment, including remote sensing and genetic analysis. By analyzing chemical signals in growing skeletons and genetic differences among populations, scientists can track the movement of marine animals and understand barriers to dispersal.
Researchers have developed a new all-optical-atomic clock that can keep time with greater precision than existing atomic clocks, by five orders of magnitude. The clock uses non-linear optical fibers to generate optical-frequency combs and determine frequencies by counting the number of teeth in the comb.
Researchers at the University of Minnesota are examining the effects of institutional care on brain-behavior relations. The study found that institutionalized children lagged behind those living with their families in cognitive, language abilities, behavioral adjustment, and neurophysiological indicators.
Similar efficacy responses were seen in both the 908/r regimens and the LPV/r regimen, meeting the primary endpoint of non-inferiority at 24 weeks. Patients achieved positive antiviral responses with both 908/r and LPV/r regimens.
Researchers found baby aspirin to be less effective in reducing the risk of stroke compared to adult and coated formulas. The study suggests that age and gender play a role in a person's response to aspirin, with women being more effective than men.
Researchers are using toxicogenomics to study the genetic and protein changes in individual breast cancer cells to assign effective drug treatments. This approach allows for more precise treatment options and earlier detection of toxicity, enabling doctors to make informed decisions.
The Phase III, 48-week NEAT study found that 66% of patients taking 908 achieved undetectable viral load compared to 51% on nelfinavir. The study also showed improved safety and efficacy profiles for 908, with lower rates of adverse events and virologic failures.
A new approach to brain angioplasty using local anesthesia with mild sedation safely performed on 10 patients, showing promising results in minimizing complications. The study found that the procedure was technically successful but resulted in three minor complications related to stenting and bleeding.
DuPont scientists have developed a bio-based method using corn instead of conventional petroleum-based processes to produce the latest polymer platform. The new process uses fermentation-based production of 1,3 propanediol, which is used to create DuPont Sorona polymer with unique technical properties.
Researchers found that ginseng compound increased brain chemicals associated with memory, improving average memory function after 12 weeks. The study, however, has limitations and recommends further research to establish efficacy and safety.
Researchers at University of Warwick develop innovative technology to produce hydrogen from natural gas in compact reactors, enabling efficient fueling of hydrogen-powered cars. The process employs novel heat exchange technology and nanocrystaline catalysts to increase efficiency and reduce emissions.