A new study from University of Wisconsin-Madison found that mice denied access to a running wheel showed higher levels of neuronal stimulation in certain brain regions, indicating motivation to run. This suggests that some animals may have an addictive nature towards exercise.
A recent MRI study found degenerative changes in the spine as early as childhood, contradicting previous assumptions about when back trouble begins. The research suggests proactive steps should start early in life to prevent future issues.
A study found that Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery carries a high risk of complications, including suture tears, leaks, pulmonary embolism, pneumonia, and infection. Patients who undergo the procedure are at high risk due to co-morbidities such as type 2 diabetes and cardiopulmonary problems.
A study of annual CT screenings found that 80% of diagnosed Stage I lung cancers were curable. Long-term follow-up showed a high cure rate for patients with screen-diagnosed lung cancer who underwent surgery. The findings support the use of widespread annual low-dose CT screening in high-risk smokers to detect early-stage lung cancer.
A study found that a waist measurement greater than 40 inches for men and 35 inches for women is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Another study discovered that patients rated their doctors' care higher when both were of the same race, leading to longer matched-race visits.
A new standard has been proposed for coronary artery calcium screening, which aims to improve accuracy and comparability of results. The new system uses a calibrated scoring method and reduces radiation doses for small and medium-sized patients.
Researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago have successfully created a human-shaped articular condyle using adult stem cells. The tissue-engineered structure retained both bone-like tissue underneath and cartilage-like tissue on top, similar to a natural articular condyle.
A research team led by Luann Becker found evidence of a large impact at the end-Permian boundary in Antarctica, suggesting it triggered the Great Dying, a time of mass extinctions. The team discovered shocked quartz, metallic grains, and breccia layers with similar characteristics to other mass extinction sites.
Research published in Journal of Multilingual Communication Disorders reveals that adopted Chinese children develop English language skills comparable to those of native-born peers. By age two, most children showed no evidence of delay and some had larger vocabularies.
The study found that states with mandatory reporting and tracking of domestic elder abuse reports have higher investigation rates than those without. States that track reports had more investigations and nearly three times as many substantiated cases as those that don't.
A recent study published by the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) found that female smokers are twice as likely to develop lung cancer as male smokers, regardless of smoking habits, age, or nodule size. The study also revealed that increased smoking and aging significantly increase the risk of developing lung cancer.
Researchers at Northeastern University have successfully demonstrated flat lens imaging using negative refraction, enabling sub-wavelength imaging and ultra-high sensitive phase shifters. This breakthrough has significant implications for the development of new components in optical and microwave telecommunications equipment.
Researchers identified a gene that plays a critical role in sperm cell hyperactivation, which is essential for fertilization. Disrupting this protein could render sperm cells ineffective or infertile, leading to a new type of fast-acting and low-side-effect contraceptive.
A new compound has been found to selectively kill cancerous cells while leaving healthy white blood cells intact. The compound, called 13-D, induces apoptosis in cancer cells by activating caspase-3 and causing cell shrinkage, a desirable outcome as it reduces the risk of side effects.
Researchers developed synthetic jets that produce two to three times as much cooling with two-thirds less energy input, overcoming fan limitations. Vibration-induced droplet atomization technology also uses tiny cooling liquid droplets to carry heat away from components.
Researchers found that a three-minute head scan is comparable to the traditional 20-minute version in terms of image quality and diagnostic results. The new protocol eliminated complications from patient movement, resulting in better image quality and accurate blockage identification for clot-busting drugs.
A study of 335 patients found that gastric bypass surgery is associated with complications such as suture tears, pulmonary embolism, and pneumonia. The procedure should only be considered for patients who have tried other weight loss methods and are at risk of life-threatening complications due to their obesity.
A new study on virtual colonoscopy has shown remarkable improvement in diagnosis but also revealed significant discomfort for patients. Gastrointestinal specialists emphasize the need for verification of results and caution against relying solely on virtual colonoscopy.
A prospective multicenter trial found that 3-D virtual colonoscopy is more sensitive than conventional colonoscopy, detecting over 90% of significant polyps with minimal discomfort and cost
A study of patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass found significant complications and increased risk of obesity-related health issues. The procedure requires major lifestyle changes and can be fraught with complications, highlighting the importance of weighing risks and benefits before surgery.
A study of pregnant women with asthma found that a female fetus can reduce fetal growth if the mother isn't treated with inhaled glucocorticoids. Incomplete arousal processes were linked to SIDS deaths, and active smoking impaired corticosteroid treatment efficacy for asthmatic patients
Researchers have viewed an unprecedentedly perfect interface between layers of semiconductor materials germanium and silicon dioxide. This 'atomically sharp' interface could be used to boost the speed of computer chips. The discovery may aid in the design of other devices, including medical implants.
Researchers used DTI to study adolescents with early-onset schizophrenia and found distinct differences in white brain matter of the frontal lobe. This disruption can lead to developmental abnormalities and abnormal behaviors.
The $5 million Student Nitric Oxide Explorer (SNOE) satellite, launched in 1998, measured nitric oxide in the upper atmosphere affecting Earth's ozone layer and X-rays from the sun. SNOE re-enters atmosphere in early Dec., with most of it expected to burn up.
Researchers at Michigan Medicine developed computer-assisted breast imaging systems that improve the accuracy of interpretation of digital mammograms and breast ultrasound images. The systems were shown to improve the ability of highly experienced radiologists to detect cancerous tumors, potentially sparing women from unnecessary biops...
The Emory-GSK-NIMH Collaborative Mood Disorders Initiative will develop innovative models for basic and clinical research in mood disorders. Scientists at NIMH will create clinical models to assess novel antidepressants, while Emory faculty will develop preclinical models of fear, anxiety, and depression.
A report from the University of Louisville's Institute for Bioethics, Health Policy and Law highlights the importance of effective communication in successful SARS quarantines, with key findings including the need for a single spokesperson and regular channels to boost compliance.
Researchers found a positive association between high vitamin B12 levels and effective treatment of major depressive disorder. Patients with higher vitamin B12 concentrations responded better to treatment, even when other factors were controlled for.
Researchers observed that snails scrape and fertilize grass tissue, stimulating fungal growth. The result is an infestation of fungi, slowing marsh grass growth. This study establishes the mechanism behind snail-mediated fungus farming in marine environments.
Labral tears in hip cartilage have been identified as a common injury among professional golfers, with MRI scans revealing significant damage. Eight pro golfers underwent successful arthroscopic surgery to repair labral injuries, marking a significant shift towards earlier diagnosis and treatment of hip pain.