A team of Purdue University researchers has identified the genetic mechanism responsible for dwarfed appearance in corn and sorghum plants. This finding may help develop dwarf forms in other crops, improving food production in certain regions. The study also reveals a genetic phenomenon involving direct duplication that causes instabil...
Case Western Reserve University researchers will continue their study on children prenatally exposed to cocaine, now in their 14th year of funding, due to a new $4.9 million grant from the National Institute on Drug Abuse. The ongoing research has found associations between prenatal cocaine exposure and cognitive skills development.
Researchers discovered that healthy astrocytes and glia can rescue motor neurons containing ALS-causing mutations from degeneration. The study suggests inserting healthy astrocytes into ALS patients may reduce or prevent motor-neuron degeneration.
A study by Massachusetts General Hospital researchers found that blood vessel development is intricately linked with fat tissue formation. This interaction can be controlled to develop new treatments for cancer and obesity, as well as support the growth of new organs.
A study found that vibrating insoles can significantly improve balance and reduce sway among elderly participants. Younger individuals also showed reduced sway with stimulation, suggesting the potential of noise-based devices to enhance motor control performance.
Researchers have resolved a long-standing paradox surrounding lung collectins, finding they play two roles in the lungs: dampening and promoting immune responses. This discovery sheds light on how these versatile proteins protect against both harmful pathogens and excessive inflammation.
Researchers developed a new technique to detect melt pond coverage on Arctic sea ice using NASA's Landsat 7 satellite. This method improves the understanding of the Arctic heat balance and its impact on global climate.
A study of 100 patients found that nearly a quarter had pivotal physical findings, leading to changes in diagnosis and treatment. These findings prompted collaboration with specialist consultants to perform urgent procedures, highlighting the importance of skilled physical exams in hospital care.
A large study of nearly 44,000 healthy men found no association between dietary fat intake and stroke risk. The research suggests that saturated fat intake may actually be beneficial in reducing atherosclerosis, contrary to previous findings.
Under the contract, TIGR will sequence dozens of genomes per year to provide data for vaccine and antimicrobial drug development projects. The institute's affiliated facility has already conducted sequencing for over 50 organisms, including microbes that cause various diseases.
Researchers found that higher religiosity levels in countries do not necessarily lead to stricter moral standards on sex. In fact, individual religiosity has a minimal effect on cheating on taxes due to existing laws.
Researchers found neurons in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) respond to discrepancies between intentions and actual events, indicating that the brain monitors the consequences of actions. The study used detailed studies measuring neural activity in macaque monkeys performing tasks requiring self-control.
Researchers at UCSD have identified chemicals that can protect cells from the effects of the toxin, raising hope for a novel treatment for Pseudomonas infections. The study found that ExoU toxin kills cells by targeting cell membrane phospholipids, but alternative treatments may be possible.
A recent study found that nearly two-thirds of US elderly have unmet needs for help with daily activities, whereas in Sweden, less than four percent experience such gaps. The US healthcare policy has been criticized for directing few resources towards community-based services.
Researchers have discovered a potential therapeutic target for treating hyperglycemic damage in endothelial cells, which is linked to both diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Inhibiting GAPDH activity by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase could activate three major pathways of damage, providing new avenues for treatment.
The Sisters Peer Counseling in Reproductive Health after Treatment (SPIRIT) program provides free peer counseling to address concerns faced by African-American breast cancer survivors. The four-year study aims to empower survivors and address cultural and socio-economic factors that contribute to conservative attitudes about sexuality.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center have developed a strategy using erythropoietin to enhance heart function and prevent cell death after ischemic injury. A novel protective effect of erythropoietin has been shown in the infarcted heart, demonstrating a therapeutic window of opportunity for acute protection and long-term pres...
A Dartmouth study analyzing Medicare data from 1998-2000 found that racial disparities in knee replacement surgery exist not only by sex but also by geographic location. Despite similar rates among African-American women and white women, black men were half as likely to undergo the procedure as their white counterparts.
A Clemson University bioengineer has developed an innovative 'injectable' tissue implant that could repair the ravages of breast cancer surgery. The implant, made from donor cells grown on tiny beads, aims to reduce scarring and promote quicker recoveries by promoting natural tissue growth.
Researchers at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center are studying the link between brain cancer and air pollution, led by Dr. Keith Black. The study aims to determine whether exposure to toxic air pollutants can cause changes in brain tissue associated with brain cancer formation.
Researchers at the University of Missouri-Rolla have created a new material that can differentiate between chiral molecules, which is essential for creating new chemical sensors and catalysts. The stable and relatively simple catalyst could help sort biologically potent chemicals from less useful or toxic counterparts.
A massive Antarctic iceberg, C-19, blocked the movement of sea ice in the Ross Sea region, resulting in unusually high sea-ice cover and a significant reduction in primary production. This study used satellite imagery and chlorophyll data to quantify the effects of the iceberg on phytoplankton growth.
Researchers investigated the impact of a building demolition on air quality and found that airborne dust concentrations were extremely high in immediate vicinity and downwind areas. Spectators are advised to stay upwind and indoors to avoid exposure to high levels of particulate matter.
Researchers have developed a novel approach to conserve rainforests by finding potential pharmaceuticals, contributing to conservation efforts, and providing economic benefits. The pilot project in Panama demonstrates the feasibility of this method, creating jobs and infrastructure while protecting the rainforest.
Researchers found that EPO reduced programmed cell death in heart cells, leading to smaller infarcts and increased heart function. The study suggests that EPO may offer novel protection against ischemic events in patients with acute coronary syndrome.
Heme flooding can shut down cell membrane channels, killing neurons and constricting blood vessels. Researchers found a chemical called NS1619 restores channel function and may lead to a new treatment.
Researchers developed a novel fluorosugar modifier that prevents leukocyte migration to inflamed skin. This finding offers new hope for treating inflammatory diseases.
Researchers developed a new method to detect melanoma in lymph nodes using molecular analysis, revealing 25% of cancer-free patients had undetectable metastases. The study found patients with multiple markers were more likely to develop recurrence and die from the disease.
Researchers discovered that a single dose of erythropoietin may provide acute protection after myocardial infarction or cardiac surgery. The treatment also preserves the ischemic and infarcted heart in the long term, showing promise for preventing future heart attacks.
Researchers at Imperial College London have discovered that targeting eosinophils can disrupt airway scarring and remodelling, a process contributing to chronic asthma. The study's findings suggest a potential breakthrough for developing more effective asthma treatments.
A study found racial and ethnic disparities in pain perception, diagnosis, and treatment across various specialties. Disparities were seen in emergency departments, cancer clinics, chronic pain, and disability, with African Americans and Hispanics facing unequal access to pain medication and treatment.
A new, highly accurate breast cancer mannequin is being launched to assist women in spotting breast lumps and provide a unique training experience. The device features interchangeable breast implants and realistic skin texture, benefiting not only those with learning difficulties but also women from diverse cultural backgrounds.
The STELLAR and MERCURY I studies show CRESTOR significantly improves key apolipoprotein and lipid ratios, including Apo B, Apo A-I, and the Apo B:Apo A-I ratio, in patients with hypercholesterolaemia. These findings support CRESTOR's benefits in reducing cardiovascular disease risk.
A South African clinical trial showed a significant reduction in pneumococcal disease incidence with the conjugate vaccine, resulting in a 5% decrease among all children and a 6% decrease among HIV-infected children. The study demonstrates the vaccine's effectiveness in preventing invasive pneumococcal disease and saving lives.
Rao's research aims to understand the mechanism of virus assembly, a crucial step in viral transmission and disease spread. By studying the brome mosaic virus, his lab hopes to develop new strategies for blocking virus assembly and preventing disease.
Researchers predict a decrease in solar activity's impact on global warming over the next 100 years, with potential returns to current levels by 2200. The study suggests that solar variability will not amplify climate change, but rather subdue its effects.
Researchers from the University of Pennsylvania have successfully aggregated cloned mouse embryos, improving their survival rate to 8 percent. The technique involves combining two clones at an early embryonic stage, which helps compensate for genetic deficiencies and leads to correct temporal and spatial gene expression.
A recent census study found that white families are less likely to live in extended family households than black families, which has shifted over time. This shift started in the late 1960s and was more pronounced among whites, with a significant decline in intergenerational living compared to blacks.
A breakthrough discovery has been made by McMaster University researchers, who have cloned the gene that marks an important nuclear protein of the SARS virus. The team plans to test their newly engineered adenovirus vector in animals for protective effects against the deadly disease.
Researchers use a lightweight device to extract core samples from sediment deposits in Bolivia, revealing that sediment transport is only possible during La Niña events. The findings suggest that the Andes Mountains play a crucial role in shaping the Amazon River's sediment load.
This edition of the Ophthalmology journal presents significant research findings on PRK after 12 years, multifocal intraocular lenses, and posterior capsule opacification. The studies also investigate photorefractive keratectomy outcomes, LASIK lens power calculation methods, and new treatments for glaucoma and retinal diseases.
A recent study by Florida Tech researchers found minimal environmental impact from offshore oil drilling in the Arctic. The team discovered that freshwater runoff into the ocean is trapped by a layer of ice, preventing it from mixing with saltwater.
The USC Biomimetic MicroElectronic Systems (BMES) center will develop biomimetic devices replacing damaged human body parts, with potential treatments for blindness, paralysis and memory loss. The $34 million grant enables industry partnerships and educational programs in Los Angeles-area schools.
Researchers are evaluating the effects of CRESTOR on atherosclerosis using cutting-edge imaging technologies like IVUS and MRI. The goal is to slow or even reverse the progression of this silent killer disease, which can lead to heart attacks and strokes.
A study found that disrupting PI3Kgamma preserves beta-adrenergic receptors on heart cells, leading to improved heart function and longer survival in mice. The loss of beta-adrenergic receptors contributes to heart failure, but this intervention may provide a new therapeutic approach.
Researchers have successfully mapped the domestic turkey genome, which will aid in breeding birds with beneficial traits such as disease resistance and increased reproduction. This study leverages information from the chicken genome to improve turkey breeding practices.