Studies presented at ICAAC reveal significant clinical outcomes, resource utilization, and infection-associated costs of Staph aureus bacteremia among hemodialysis-dependent patients. The infections are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality, underscoring the need for a vaccine to prevent these infections.
Researchers at Dana-Farber and other Harvard-affiliated hospitals will study the human immune system's response to the vaccinia virus and other related viruses. The goal is to develop effective alternatives with fewer risks, addressing concerns about the current vaccine's complications in people with weakened immune systems.
The Emory-led consortium aims to study the entire range of human immune responses, from laboratory to clinic, to develop new vaccines addressing emerging infections and biothreats. Scientists will use genomics and proteomics to analyze vaccine-induced innate and adaptive immune responses.
Researchers found that brown capuchin monkeys refused previously acceptable rewards if they witnessed their partners receiving higher-value rewards for equal or less work. This study provides insight into how humans develop emotional reactions to fairness in economic interactions.
The DOWs will deploy at or near the coast in the direct path of the storm, collecting high-resolution data and rapid-scan Doppler radar data from inside the eye. The Rapid-DOW can visualize three-dimensional volumes in 5 to 10 seconds, observing boundary layer rolls, wind gusts, and other phenomena as they evolve.
The report compares six Democratic candidates' plans to address the problem of the uninsured, revealing a range of proposals from covering most or all of the uninsured to 1 in 10. Most Democratic candidates would repeal some or all of President Bush's tax cuts to help finance their health plans.
Astronomers have discovered that distant galaxies in the early Universe will evolve into massive elliptical galaxies through rapid merging of smaller building blocks. The SCUBA camera images show these galaxies caught in the throes of formation, with star formation driven by mergers of older galaxies.
Dr. Judah Folkman, a pioneer in angiogenesis research, has been awarded the Novartis Award for Hypertension Research for his contributions to understanding how angiogenesis affects blood vessels leading to high blood pressure. His work has led to discoveries of new molecules and treatments for hypertension and cancer.
Researchers have developed a new approach to cleaning up contaminated aquifers by reducing pollutant density and separating contaminants from soil particles. The technique, known as 'density modified displacement,' can cut the cost of environmental remediation by up to 90%.
Contaminated water from abandoned mines poses a threat to Colorado's nine billion-dollar tourism industry, particularly in ski areas like Keystone and Arapahoe Basin. The use of artificially created snow due to droughts and climate change exacerbates the issue, highlighting the need for alternative methods to mitigate acid-rock drainage.
A recent study published in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine found that Native Americans who experienced adverse childhood environments were more likely to develop alcoholism. The research highlights the need for social programs and preventive education to address this issue.
Contaminated water from abandoned mines in Colorado's Summit County is affecting artificial snowmaking and tourism, impacting $9 billion industry. Heavy metals are detected in headwater drainages, posing a risk to aquatic life and other sports.
Researchers at the University of California - San Diego will lead three large ITR projects worth up to $12.5 million, focusing on grid computing and decision-making systems. Additionally, UCSD is involved in seven other newly-funded projects, including language modeling and materials science.
The agreement creates a transboundary protected area combining the Takamanda-Okwangwo complex in Cameroon and Nigeria. The plan aims to conserve gorillas and their habitat through measures such as revised land-use practices, corridor establishment, and increased protection.
A randomized clinical trial will test whether daily tenofovir prevents HIV infection in 800 high-risk, uninfected Cambodian women. The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the antiviral drug for preventing HIV-1 transmission in people.
Rice wins nine NSF ITR grants, including a $15m award for Virtual Grid Application Development Software. The university also leads the 100 X 100 Project to develop 100-megabit-per-second Internet access nationwide.
The Oregon Research Institute has received significant NIH grants to investigate the causes of early alcohol use and its effects on adolescents. The studies will explore the role of family, friend, school, and neighborhood influences on alcohol use among White and African American youth.
Researchers have confirmed that atmospheric carbon dioxide levels were between 10-200 times higher 1.4 billion years ago than they are today. The discovery provides a geological context for CO2 evolution and climate change.
Sandia's new cluster features a combination of Intel Xeon and Itanium processors, utilizing InfiniBand Host Channel Adapters for low-latency and high-bandwidth connections. The 128-node machine is expected to be one of the world's top systems, powered by Mellanox and Linux Networx hardware.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center have developed a new blood test that can detect lung cancer in its earliest stages using MALDI-TOF MS. The test targets serum amyloid A, a protein elevated in lung cancer patients' blood.
The NIH has awarded $85 million to five cooperative centers for translational research on human immunology and biodefense. Researchers will develop new ways to analyze immune cells and use imaging technologies to study vaccine responses, aiming to strengthen the immune system against diseases.
Phytoplankton's shift to red pigments occurred due to a global ocean oxygen depletion, which paved the way for their evolution. This discovery reveals how the ocean's chemistry has been dominated by red phytoplankton ever since.
Research aims to determine if indoor air quality in classrooms affects children's health and academic performance. The study will examine the effects of improved ventilation, temperature control, and reduced airborne pollutants on students.