A study from Senegal found that urine-based detection of abnormal methylation of three genes provided a sensitivity of 53% and specificity of over 90% for detecting cervical cancer. This approach could have a huge impact on women in developing countries without access to Pap screening.
Researchers found that nevirapine significantly increases HDL cholesterol levels more than efavirenz, making it a preferable option for HIV-infected adults with increased cardiovascular risk. This study suggests that considering individual factors beyond cardiovascular risk can lead to more personalized treatment decisions.
A recent study found that demethylation agents not only restart cancer-suppressing genes but also knock methyl groups off other genes, turning hundreds more off. The research raises concerns about the impact of these agents on gene expression and their potential to exacerbate cancer development.
Researchers at UCSD successfully treated muscle spasms in rats with ischemic spinal cord injury using brain cell transplants. Fifty percent of the animals experienced significant improvement in motor function.
Researchers at Ohio State University conducted experiments showing that white Americans are more likely to misidentify tools as guns when shown a picture of an African American before seeing the tool or gun. In contrast, they were less likely to make this mistake when shown a picture of a white person. The study suggests that unconscio...
Researchers found a sharp drop in estrone and estradiol hormone levels with increased dietary fiber intake. A higher intake of dietary fiber was also associated with lower hormone levels even when dietary fat was present.
A new genetic mechanism has been identified linking diet to breast cancer, with excess omega-6 fats accelerating the disease. The study found that four genes, including one with unknown function, are involved in this effect, highlighting the importance of a balanced fat intake.
A mouse model of osteoarthritis has been developed, revealing that bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling is essential for the maintenance of healthy articular cartilage. The study found that inactivating BMP signaling in mice led to severe arthritis, mimicking human osteoarthritis conditions.
Researchers found that increasing dietary fiber intake leads to sharp drops in estrone and estradiol hormone levels. Higher fat intake paradoxically increased hormone levels, but dietary fiber remained a significant predictor of hormone levels when both were included.
A new Group Health study examines the link between hormone therapy (HT) and breast density in women of various categories. The study found that estrogen-only therapy increases breast density, while progesterone use does not; longer HT use and older age at first use also increase breast density.
A study led by Rutgers University College of Nursing faculty member explores a new method to treat urinary incontinence in prostate cancer surgery patients. The research uses biofeedback training to help men develop the skills needed to control their bladder using their pelvic floor muscles.
Researchers found that pigment cell grafts resulted in significant repigmentation in patients with stable vitiligo, with 55-77% of treated areas regaining pigmentation over 3-12 months. Long-term efficacy was also demonstrated in another study, showing sustained repigmentation in up to 95% of patients.
Dr. Rachel Klein receives the prestigious Ruane Prize from NARSAD for her extensive research on child psychiatric illnesses. Her work has authored over 200 articles and seven books, advancing our understanding of ADHD, anxiety, and other severe psychiatric disorders.
A Mayo Clinic study found that physical training is more effective than amphetamine use in improving motor function after a stroke. The research team's experiment used brain-damaged rats to demonstrate the power of physical training in recovery.
Scientists discovered that increasing OPE wire length triggers variable resistance, which can be beneficial for electronic devices. The researchers also found that substituting a methyl hydrocarbon group onto the middle unit significantly increases electron transfer rate.
A recent study published in PLoS Medicine found that oats can cause intolerance in some patients with celiac disease, triggering a similar molecular reaction as wheat, barley, or rye. This means that not all patients with celiac disease may be able to safely include oats in their diet.
A study found that fourth-year medical students can identify victims of intimate partner violence, but often neglect to ask crucial questions about the patient's safety and well-being. The findings highlight the need for improved education on domestic violence screening in emergency medicine clerkships.
A new study links increased domestic production of betel quid to the incidence of head and neck cancer in Taiwan, with a strong cohort effect observed for men born between 1972-1980. The study suggests a correlation between betel quid usage and head and neck cancer incidence.
The new Mayo Clinic research indicates that mycophenolate mofetil could help many more lupus patients, offering a potential alternative to existing treatments with fewer side effects. Currently, there is no curative treatment for SLE, and many medications used to treat this disease have considerable side effects.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center have created a novel drug-antidote strategy that provides greater control of drug action. The breakthrough enables the development of matched drug-antidote pairs at the beginning of the drug development process, allowing for more precise treatment.
Research in British Columbia found a seventeen-fold higher risk of diffuse large B-Cell lymphoma in HCV-infected patients. The study confirmed the viral-cancer link, previously suspected in studies from other regions with higher hepatitis C prevalence.
Researchers found a three-fold increased risk of liver cancer among diabetic patients, which rose to almost four-fold when medication was used. Diabetes did not increase risks for other types of cancer, such as melanoma or colon cancer.
Expert analysis highlights the challenges of post-conflict elections, citing cases where ill-timed or poorly designed elections can exacerbate existing tensions. The book examines UN's role in promoting democracy and explores the importance of timing, election mechanics, and political parties.
A new study found a link between men's height and their risk level for advanced prostate cancer, with tall men experiencing a 20% increased risk. Additionally, researchers discovered that fruit and vegetable consumption, particularly vitamin C and lycopene, may reduce the risk of stomach cancer by up to 45%.
Researchers have identified a new tumor progression pathway where mitochondrial survivin plays a crucial role in inhibiting apoptosis and promoting tumorigenesis. Survivin is a protein that helps cancer cells survive and proliferate, leading to the development of new tumors.
A new study published by the American Physical Society finds that boosting-phase defense systems have significant limitations, making them impractical against many potential threats. The report highlights issues with timing and range, limiting the effectiveness of boost-phase defenses.
Researchers found stable ring-shaped magnetic field configurations in magnetic A-stars, White Dwarf stars, and neutron stars, supporting the 'fossil field' hypothesis. These fields can persist for hundreds of millions of years, surviving the star's life span.
A recent study published in Cancer Research found that genetic damage in stromal cells within tumors can play a crucial role in tumor development. This discovery may provide new targets for anti-cancer drugs and present a novel strategy for treating and preventing cancer.
Researchers found that taking Welchol, a bile acid sequestrant, with TriCor, a fibrate, resulted in no significant interaction. The study involved 30 healthy volunteers who received different treatment regimens involving the two drugs, showing that co-administration is safe and effective.
A team of scientists at the University of Rochester Medical Center discovered that mice without the TR4 gene are born smaller, less fertile, and have poor parenting skills. The miniature mice exhibit reduced nest-building, nursing, and offspring care, resulting in high pup mortality rates.
A multi-species herbivore outbreak occurred in Panama following an El Niño drought, causing moth larvae to devour 250% more leaf material than usual. The short-lived event was brought under control quickly by natural predators and diseases, but highlights the potential impact of climate change on forest ecosystems.
Researchers found that S1P1 plays a crucial role in tumor angiogenesis, which is the formation of new blood vessels to supply nutrients to growing tumors. The study used RNA interference to block S1P1, demonstrating its importance in tumor growth and progression.
Scientists from VIB are using RNAi technology to study the function of genes in Arabidopsis thaliana, a model plant with 29,000 genes. The goal is to identify the function of all genes, which will shed light on biological processes in plants and humans.
A team of scientists has developed a novel method to detect the culprits behind dust allergies, using PNA-encoded protease substrate microarrays. This innovative approach reveals the specific proteins responsible for triggering allergic reactions in humans, providing new insights into the mechanisms underlying dust allergy.
Researchers have discovered that morphogen molecules move across cells via diffusion, a finding that could lead to new strategies for treating organ defects and cancers. The study used the fruit fly model to demonstrate how TGF beta family molecules function as morphogens.
A new study identifies actinonin-based antibiotics as a potential treatment for cancer. Human mitochondrial peptide deformylase is found to be a key target in this approach, offering new avenues for cancer research and therapy.
The panel found that traditional 'get tough' approaches exacerbate problems, while positive intervention programs like Functional Family Therapy and Multisystemic Therapy show promise in reducing arrests and out-of-home placements. These effective programs focus on developing social competency skills and family involvement.
Researchers identify genetic mutations in the N-terminal domain of the MC4R protein that contribute to obesity, providing a promising new strategy for treating the condition. The study suggests that drugs targeting sustained low-level MC4R activity may be effective in regulating appetite.
Researchers explored strategies to combat HIV-1 protease resistance, a key factor in treatment failure. The study identified novel approaches to inhibit the enzyme, offering potential solutions to overcome drug resistance and improve treatment outcomes.
A new study shows that a combination of fluticasone and salmeterol can achieve total control in asthma patients, improving symptoms and reducing corticosteroid doses. Testosterone therapy also increases lean body mass and leg muscle strength in COPD patients with low testosterone levels.
A $3 million NSF grant is enabling researchers to combine expertise and solve classification problems for flowering plants. The new system has broken up traditional groups and shuffled others, with Amborella forming the base of the tree.
The melanocortin-4 receptor's (MC4R) basal activity is essential for maintaining energy balance. The N-terminal domain of the MC4R protein is responsible for this activity. Deletion of this domain impairs the receptor's ability to regulate energy homeostasis.
A study published in Science found that humans have competing economic value systems, with the emotional brain prioritizing short-term gratification and the logical brain promoting long-term rewards. This discovery has significant implications for predicting economic and behavioral health patterns.
Researchers have identified a potential target for preventing HIV transmission through vaginal membranes. A modified chemokine called PSC-RANTES was found to be effective in blocking SHIV transmission in rhesus macaques, offering hope for the development of a topical agent to prevent HIV infection in humans.
The Lancet article advocates for randomized criminal-justice trials to improve evidence-based decision-making in the UK. The proposed approach would involve randomizing offenders between drug treatment and testing order, or alternative sentence, to inform judicial decisions.
Researchers have identified a link between the fibroblast growth factor system and major depressive disorder, with those treated with SSRIs showing smaller changes. The study's findings offer new insights into the biological mechanisms underlying mood disorders and potential avenues for targeted therapeutics.
Physicists at NIST propose new way to slow light down to almost one-millionth its usual speed using a stable pulsed laser in cryogenic gas. This method could help simplify and reduce the cost of high-speed optical communications, enabling faster signal routing and data synchronization.
Researchers at NIMH identified a brain region in the frontal cortex as the site of perceptual decision-making, which weighs competing signals from specialized visual processing areas. The discovery could explain why harder-to-identify images evoke slower responses in this area.
Researchers at Rockefeller University discovered that the protein Par6-alpha plays a crucial role in spurring the centrosome to action, allowing brain cells to migrate and form the brain's outer layer. The study overturned long-held assumptions about adhesion as the primary mechanism for neuronal migration.
Researchers recommend implementing a carbon tax to protect against long-term climate change, with the goal of buying 'insurance' against future adjustment costs. The study suggests that immediate action can be more cost-effective than waiting and acting later.
The winner's research explains how the nematode worm detects touch, a process that could inform studies on human reduced touch sensation. This knowledge may help develop new treatments for diabetes-related complications.
A new study by the American Medical Association links ephedrine to unheralded sudden cardiac death in individuals with asymptomatic heart disease. The study found that ephedrine can cause a potentially lethal arrhythmia when combined with a heart blockage, increasing the risk of fatal outcomes.
The artificial retina project aims to restore vision in blind individuals by capturing visual signals and transmitting them to the brain. The device is a miniature disc with an electrode array that stimulates optical nerves, enabling users to see large letters and differentiate between objects.
Researchers at the University of Washington are developing a new propulsion concept that could dramatically cut the time needed for astronauts to travel to and from Mars. The mag-beam concept uses a space-based station to generate a stream of magnetized ions that propel a spacecraft through the solar system, potentially reducing round ...
Researchers found that more alcohol is consumed in beer form than previously believed, with a national mean alcohol content of beer ranging from 4.58% to 4.75%. This translates to approximately 10 additional standard drinks yearly for each person aged 14 or older in the US.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital found that patients use laughter to convey emotional intensity during psychotherapy, while therapists' laughter magnifies this effect. The study suggests that therapists should pay attention to when patients laugh, as it may indicate the need for further exploration of emotions.
Scientists at Newcastle University have discovered a way to safely store and release hydrogen, paving the way for pollution-free cars. The breakthrough uses nanoporous materials to trap and release hydrogen gas, which could power vehicles in the future.
A malaria vaccine trial has shown encouraging phase II results, demonstrating a 30% reduction in clinical episodes of malaria among young children. The RTS,S/AS02A vaccine has also shown effectiveness in preventing subsequent new infections and severe malaria cases.
Researchers found that lean mass, intra-abdominal fat, and inflammation biomarker sTNFR1 are higher in women with metabolic syndrome, independently related to its severity. Analysis of these factors can help doctors identify postmenopausal women at increased risk for diabetes and heart disease.
Purdue University chemists have improved mass spectrometers to analyze chemical samples quickly and efficiently. The new device uses desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) technique to test untreated samples right where they are found.