A recent study found that coronal reformatted images from 16-MDCT can change overall readings in 83% of cases with ovarian cancer. The study suggests that radiologists should view both axial and coronal images together to accurately stage the disease.
Researchers found that calcified plaques outside the cranium show symptoms less often and are more stable than noncalcified plaques. This finding can help determine the best treatment approach for patients with asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis.
The study found that transvaginal ultrasound provides superior imaging of the rectum and surrounding tissues, resolving rectal wall layers more clearly. Additionally, it is easier to perform with conventional ultrasound probes and causes less patient discomfort.
The study found that child safety restraint use rose from 49% in 1999 to 63% among children under 9 by the end of 2002. Optimal child restraint use increased for 3-year-olds, with a significant increase in optimal child restraint use rocketing to 93% in 2002.
Researchers found that MR-compatible incubators allow for high-quality imaging of critically ill newborns without radiation exposure. The incubators streamline the examination process and improve image resolution, enabling earlier and more accurate diagnoses.
MDCT angiography has been shown to accurately demonstrate filling defects in the superior mesenteric artery and its branches. The study found that MDCT angiography enabled correct diagnosis of acute mesenteric ischemia in 10 out of 41 patients, providing alternative diagnoses for 19 remaining cases.
A recent study examining whole-body CT screenings for gastrointestinal (GI) disease found that only 9% of patients had abnormal findings, with most being benign or non-significant. The study's lead author warns that final results are still pending and more data is needed to confirm the findings.
Researchers identified 15 common food habits that significantly impact blood sugar control, surpassing the effectiveness of medication. By adopting these 'do's and avoiding specific 'don'ts,' individuals with diabetes can achieve normal blood sugar levels.
The JGI has sequenced the genome of Phanerochaete chrysosporium, a basidiomycete fungus capable of degrading lignin and transforming xenobiotics. The availability of this genome will spur industrial and bioremediative uses for these organisms.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine found that dysbindin protein expression is reduced in over 80% of patients with schizophrenia, correlating with increased glutamate packets. This discovery provides a critical lead for understanding schizophrenia's cellular mechanisms.
Interpretation times for digital mammography (SFM) were significantly shorter than those for full-field digital mammography (FFDM), with a 59% difference. Technical problems also occurred more frequently in FFDM cases, impacting accuracy and efficiency.
Despite a growing need for new antibiotics, only six are being developed out of 506 drugs, with FDA approvals declining by 56% over the past 20 years. Researchers have identified a novel structural signature in antimicrobial peptides that could accelerate development of new treatments.
A new study suggests that using 16-MDCT scanners can reduce radiation exposure in body CT scans by 20-30%, while also improving image quality. The technology offers a more dose-efficient option for hospitals with both 4-MDCT and 16-MDCT scanners, allowing them to scan high-risk patient groups with lower radiation doses.
Researchers at UC Riverside have successfully developed a low-carb corn variety with increased protein and oil content, thanks to the introduction of a cytokinin gene that promotes plant growth. This breakthrough could help address global food security challenges by improving the nutritional value of cereal grains.
A recent study found that acute diverticulitis occurs as often in younger age groups as older adults, with frequent severity in both. The disease may become a greater health problem if it starts developing at an earlier age, leading to more recurrent attacks and surgical resection.
Researchers discovered a chromatin remodeling protein called DRD1 that enables RNA-directed DNA methylation in plants. This finding highlights the importance of chromatin remodeling in rendering nucleosomal DNA accessible to RNA signals and/or DNA methyltransferases.
Research suggests that elevated cytokine levels in pregnant women can predict premature birth, brain injuries, and respiratory disorders in infants. Social stress factors such as substance abuse, family violence, and poverty also increase the risk of poor outcomes.
A study published in American Journal of Psychiatry found that healthcare providers should be aware of the associative nature of drug abuse and mental illness. The research compared patients with co-occurring psychiatric and substance abuse disorders, finding no significant diagnostic differences between groups.
Researchers successfully fabricate intricate, three-dimensional patterns on human hair using a multiphoton-absorption photopolymerization (MAP) technique. This breakthrough opens doors to potential applications in medical research, drug delivery, and miniature biodevices.
A new study has found a significant link between caffeine consumption and increased blood pressure in black adolescents. Adolescents who drank the most caffeinated beverages had higher systolic pressures, with black adolescents showing a greater impact. The researchers suggest that further research is needed to explore this relationship.
Researchers found that unstable placements and episodic foster care increase mental health service use, with older children and those with high physical health care costs at greatest risk. The top 10% of mental health users account for 83% of $2.4 million in mental health costs.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center have detected high levels of adiponectin in human milk, a protein that may help regulate body fat and reduce the risk of obesity. The study suggests that early exposure to this protein through breast milk could influence metabolic health later in life.
A new study by Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center has identified a strain of E. coli as the cause of diarrhea in young children. The research, which used genetic technology, found that nearly 10% of children treated for gastroenteritis tested positive for enteroaggregative E. coli.
A recent study published in Pediatrics found that breastfeeding for at least 28 days is associated with a 20% lower risk of dying between 28 days and one year of age. Longer breastfeeding duration also showed a similar benefit, indicating that even moderate breastfeeding can have a positive impact on infant mortality rates.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Children's Center report successful treatment of six HIV-positive children using customized medication regimens created through genotype analysis and a web-based algorithm tool. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of a salvage therapy approach in managing drug-resistant HIV infection.
A recent study found that obstructive sleep apnea increases the risk of auto collisions by 28%. Treating the condition with CPAP could prevent 980 fatalities each year, saving $11.1 billion in collision costs.
Research shows that larger ants are better at carrying seeds far from their mother plants, but invasive species like Argentine and fire ants pose a threat to native plant populations. The study found that smaller ants cannot disperse seeds as efficiently, leading to reduced seedling survival.
A recent study published in the American Journal of Psychiatry found that moderately depressed seniors require significantly more hours of care than those without symptoms. If caregivers were paid for their work, the annual cost would be approximately $9 billion, highlighting the impact of depression on seniors and their loved ones.
A Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center study found a positive association between autism and immune system disorders, including respiratory and skin allergies. Autistic children were less likely to have asthma compared to their non-autistic peers.
A study published in the American Journal of Psychiatry found that enhanced counseling, including individual and family therapy, reduced symptoms of depression among caregivers of loved ones with Alzheimer's disease. After one year, 29.8% of caregivers in the enhanced group showed significant improvement.
A new study separates and purifies normal luminal and myoepithelial cells from breast tissue, revealing distinct gene expression profiles. This dataset enables the discrimination between genetic changes due to cell type differences and cancer, leading to more accurate tumor classification and potential new therapeutic avenues.
Researchers at Wake Forest University Baptist have developed a non-surgical treatment for cerebral palsy patients using Botox injections. The treatment has shown significant improvement in functional ability and muscle relaxation, allowing patients to perform daily activities with greater ease.
A family-based self-management intervention aimed at low income adolescents with Type 1 diabetes led to better health and functioning in the short term. The program helped kids eat better and exercise more, resulting in improved physical functioning.
A pilot study from the University of Michigan Health System found insulin pumps to be as effective as injections in controlling blood sugar levels and reducing parental stress. Parents reported lower worry and emotional stress with pump therapy, while those on injections experienced more anxiety.
Researchers examined 45 primary ovarian carcinoma samples and found that 40% had decreased or complete loss of Rb2 protein expression. The study suggests Rb2's role in ovarian carcinogenesis and potential clinical applications for detecting and treating cancer.
This May 2004 Ophthalmology journal issue covers a range of topics including refractive surgery, protective eyewear in the military, and ultraviolet absorption of intraocular lenses. Key findings also include higher risk of multiple falls among elderly women with visual acuity loss and patterns of macular edema in patients with uveitis.
A recent study by Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center suggests that human milk can significantly reduce the risk of severe infections in extremely low birth weight infants. The research analyzed data from 1270 infants and found that those who received human milk had a lower incidence of sepsis compared to those who did not.
A study found that babies described as difficult eaters or overeaters are more likely to eat when their mother handles food and feed themselves after receiving a bite. This relationship was not seen in non-problem eater children, suggesting an innate link to social cues.
A Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center team increased immunization rates in a specialty outpatient clinic from 41% to above 90%, exceeding national averages. The project used business-world strategies, including reminders and tracking systems, to address barriers and foster innovation.
A study confirmed that BRCA2 mutations are linked to prostate cancer, with a risk 4.8 times higher than in healthy individuals. The results suggest that prostate cancer screening may begin at age 50 for men carrying these mutations.
Anemia is associated with increased disability, poorer physical function, and low muscle strength in older adults. Researchers found that participants with anemia reported an average of 1.7 disabilities compared to 1.0 for non-anemic subjects.
The GlaxoSmithKline Drug Discovery and Development Research Grant Program provides funding for HIV/AIDS research, focusing on novel therapies, vaccines, and microbicides. Researchers can apply for grants ranging from $25,000 to $150,000 to develop innovative treatments and submit proposals for publication.
A recent study suggests that mycoplasma bacterial infections may cause or exacerbate asthma attacks in children. The research found that nearly half of children experiencing their first asthma attack were infected with mycoplasma. Testing for mycoplasma infection in asthmatic children could help prevent future attacks.
The study found that combination PET/CT correctly identified 94% of malignant lesions, but only 36% of benign nodules. It also showed that the technique accurately determined the stage of cancer in 61 patients, but may overstage or understage tumors.
A study found that furosemide inhalation alleviated severe breathlessness in patients with moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Additionally, researchers developed a new model for neonatal bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) using nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) therapy.
John Alderete, a renowned microbiologist, has been recognized with the 2004 William A. Hinton Research Training Award for his tireless efforts to promote diversity in science. He is celebrated for mentoring dozens of graduate students and underrepresented minority groups, offering valuable advice and career opportunities.
Lovley's research focuses on the use of microbes to remove hazardous substances from environments, with applications in bioremediation and metal metabolism. His award recognizes his groundbreaking work on Geobacter species and their ability to reduce toxic metals.
Yahr's discovery of the type III secretion system in P. aeruginosa and its virulence factors holds promise for new vaccine candidates and treatments for patients with cystic fibrosis and AIDS.
Dhanasekaran has received the Raymond W. Sarber Award for his research on avian pneumovirus and Newcastle disease virus, which could lead to the development of recombinant vaccines against these diseases. His work aims to improve health and economic well-being in humans and animals.
Johnson-Thompson is recognized for her dedication to mentoring and increasing diversity in the field of microbiology. She has initiated various outreach initiatives, including a poster highlighting the contributions of women microbiologists.
Kiratisin's work introduces a novel technique for identifying viridans group streptococci, which can be misclassified by traditional methods. His research has essential clinical implications, particularly in treating infections caused by these organisms.
Campbell's groundbreaking research on bacteriophage lambda paved the way for studies on site-specific recombination and genome manipulation. His work has significantly advanced our understanding of microbial population dynamics and genome evolution.
Researchers found that long-term consumption of high amounts of isoflavones can alter patterns of agonistic and social behavior in primates, including increased aggressive and submissive behavior. The study suggests careful attention must be taken to balance beneficial and potentially adverse effects of soy consumption.
A team of researchers discovered a specific genetic mutation, Tbx10, responsible for causing cleft lip and palate in mice. This finding suggests that similar mutations may exist in humans, shedding light on the complex development of facial features.
Walsh's research on vancomycin resistance and bacterial synthesis has significant implications for future drug development. His work highlights the importance of understanding microbial virulence mechanisms to combat growing antibiotic-resistant threats.
Researchers at Penn State have found a missing chemical that plays a significant role in ozone and aerosol production in the lower atmosphere. The discovery was made through a two-year study of hydroxyl radical reactivity in a forested area, which found that a temperature-dependent chemical was reacting with the hydroxyl radical.
Betty Ann Forbes has made significant impacts in clinical microbiology and education through her extensive research, publication programs, and editorial work. Her leadership roles in the American Board of Medical Microbiology and esteemed journal publications have earned her a respected reputation among microbiologists nationwide.
Researchers at Yale University confirm the formation of dodecahedral water cages but find no evidence of the Eigen species. The study uses experimental techniques and supercomputers to determine how water molecules interconnect to form these cages, which play a crucial role in biological processes.
John Sherris is recognized for his tireless advocacy and leadership in clinical microbiology, including development of standardized susceptibility testing. He also holds an honorary medical degree from Karolinska Institute and has published a highly regarded textbook on medical microbiology.
Schiff's dedication to undergraduate education has led to numerous student awards and publications, as well as her election to the University of Minnesota's Academy of Distinguished Teachers. Her commitment to excellence in teaching and mentoring is recognized through the Carski Foundation Award.