The study found that low pulmonary function and allergic inflammation are key factors in responding well to inhaled corticosteroids. Younger patients with fewer years of asthma tend to respond better to leukotriene receptor antagonists.
Researchers found that brain activity in the hippocampus and perirhinal cortex predicts accurate or false memories. Weak prefrontal cortex activity during misinformation phase indicates poorly placed details, creating false memories.
State policies on cigarette taxes, tobacco vending machine restrictions and family planning clinics significantly reduced teen smoking and drinking rates. The study found that higher taxes and stricter vending laws lowered teen smoking by 1.9% and underage drinking by 1.9%. Family planning clinics also led to a 1.3% reduction in unsafe...
The Grainger Challenge Prize aims to encourage the development of household-scale water treatment systems to remove arsenic from contaminated groundwater. The goal is to create an affordable, sustainable, and reliable solution that can be manufactured in developing countries.
Researchers used diffusion-weighted MRI to diagnose Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) in nine human cases at different stages. Early detection was achieved in all cases using this imaging technique. The study highlights the potential of diffusion-weighted MRI for early diagnosis and prevention of CJD transmission.
The new CodaOctopus laboratory will map extensive areas of the sea bed using novel 3-D methods, providing visualisation for scientists and strategic decision makers. This collaboration aims to focus research on commercial requirements, developing further Cardiff University's marine reputation.
Researchers found that transgenic Indian mustard plants absorbed two to four times more selenium from contaminated soil than their wild-type counterparts, outperforming them in the field trial. The study suggests using phytoremediation with these plants could be a viable alternative for cleaning up polluted soil at a lower cost.
A European Society of Cardiology consensus report recommends regular physical examination, detailed medical history investigation, and a 12-lead ECG for all young athletes involved in organized sport. This could potentially cut sports-related cardiac deaths by 50%-70% if implemented across Europe.
A study found that doctors underestimate women's heart risk, leading to less preventive care. Despite having the same calculated risk as men, women are more likely to be classified as having lower risk and receive less preventive care.
A meta-analysis of nine randomized trials found no significant difference in death rates or disease progression between neoadjuvant and adjuvant systemic therapy. However, neoadjuvant therapy was associated with a higher risk of loco-regional disease recurrence when radiation therapy was used without surgery.
A $10-million study is recruiting 3,000 healthy men to investigate the transmission of human papillomavirus (HPV), a leading cause of cervical cancer. The research aims to determine whether vaccinating men could help prevent cervical cancer in women.
The study found rapid land-cover change in Asia, particularly dryland degradation, while the Amazon Basin remains a hotspot of tropical deforestation. Global maps show regions of rapid land-cover change, with cities in the tropics experiencing the most rapid changes.
Researchers at the University of Alberta found that adding calcium and vitamin D therapy alone provides significant benefit for patients with Crohn's disease who suffer from osteoporosis or osteopenia. The study concluded that physicians should consider BMD testing and drug therapy only for high-risk patients, not those with mild Crohn...
Researchers at Duke University have discovered a way to restore bladder control in people with spinal cord injury using electrical stimulation of the pudendal nerve. This technology, known as a 'bladder pacemaker,' could significantly improve quality of life for over 200,000 Americans affected by SCI.
A study led by William Giannobile at the University of Michigan showed that gene therapy involving BMP-7 can produce nearly 50% more supporting bone around dental implants. This breakthrough has potential to reduce the need for bone grafts in reconstructive surgery.
A recent study found that only 37% of patients with colorectal cancer received adequate lymph node evaluation, highlighting the need for improved surgical care and pathologic assessment. Additionally, research on non-Hodgkin lymphoma and obesity suggests no association between body mass index and overall risk of either disease.
Research findings indicate that increased sun exposure is associated with improved melanoma survival, while decreased UV radiation exposure may lower non-Hodgkin lymphoma risk. These studies provide new evidence for the potential beneficial effects of sunlight on cancer incidence and outcome.
Adolescent smokers showed impairments in accuracy of working memory performance, with males more affected. Those trying to quit smoking also experienced further disruption of working memory.
Experts from Oregon State University are pioneering wave power technology, which could become a major contributor to the nation's energy needs. The proposed U.S. Ocean Energy Research and Demonstration Center would evaluate existing systems and test new ones.
A study found that clinicians reported missing clinical information in 13.6% of patient visits, including laboratory results and medications. Missing information was more likely in recent immigrants, new patients, or those with multiple medical problems.
Researchers find that low-dose hydrocortisone infusion speeds up pneumonia resolution and prevents sepsis-related complications. Sildenafil protects against altitude-induced pulmonary problems, improves gas exchange, and limits hypoxemia. Patient segregation reduces Pseudomonas aeruginosa transmission in cystic fibrosis patients
Researchers found that consumers prefer utilitarian products over hedonic ones when given a choice, as they are less likely to cause guilt. This is because hedonic products are perceived as discretionary, while utilitarian products are seen as necessary, leading to a preference for the latter.
Researchers at Temple University's Center for Advanced Photonics Research are working on developing cyclic ozone, a molecule with three times the energy of normal ozone, which could play a crucial role in powering future space missions. The team plans to use ultrafast lasers to synthesize the molecule using an evolutionary search strat...
The study found significant variations in treatment practices for patients with malignant glioma, including differences in the use of radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and antidepressants. These variations were associated with differences in survival rates, highlighting the need for further investigation and potential improvements to tr...
The IRE1 protein plays a crucial role in regulating new protein synthesis and immune cell development. Researchers have found that IRE1 is essential for the development of B lymphocytes, which produce antibodies to fight infections. The study suggests that IRE1 could be a target for new drugs to treat autoimmune diseases such as lupus.
A phase II clinical research study uses VEGF-2 gene therapy to stimulate growth of new blood vessels, relieving angina symptoms. The study aims to improve quality of life for patients with refractory chest pain.
The Swift satellite's Ultraviolet/Optical Telescope (UVOT) has captured an image of the Pinwheel Galaxy, revealing regions of star formation in the galaxy's spiral arms. The UVOT will also help scientists determine the distance to closer gamma-ray bursts and study their afterglows.
Researchers used APACHE III to identify patients with low predicted likelihood of survival and found that those with unrealistic family expectations used more ICU resources. However, one-year survival rates were similar, and survivors often had severe disabilities.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University have developed a novel sensor technology that uses fluorescent dyes to create light-emitting polymer blends, enabling the detection of mechanical stress and potential product tampering. The technology has potential applications in various industries, including anti-counterfeiting elements,...
Researchers have discovered a novel way to block the smallpox virus by targeting a cellular signaling pathway. The approach, which uses an experimental drug called CI-1033, significantly impaired the production of new virus particles and spread of the virus in infected cells.
Scientists have discovered that gamma-secretase, a key enzyme involved in Alzheimer's disease, has diverse tissue-specific activity. This finding opens up new possibilities for developing targeted treatments by focusing on the inactivation of specific sub-units, which may reduce side effects.
A new study found that sequential MDCT is sufficient for measuring coronary artery calcification. However, more research needs to be done to see if there are even better techniques.
A new study by VCU researchers suggests that social support is a robust predictor of risk for depression in women, but not men. Women who reported higher levels of global social support were better protected against later episodes of major depression.
Researchers found that high weight prior to diagnosis was associated with poorer survival, particularly in women who had never smoked. Weight gain after diagnosis also increased the risk of recurrence and death, especially among normal-weight women.
A review of nutritional modalities for treating epilepsy suggests that diets high in fat and polyunsaturated fatty acids may be effective in controlling seizures. The Atkins diet has shown promise as an easier-to-follow alternative to the ketogenic diet, although its success depends on implementation.
Scientists developed a high-pressure photoelectron spectroscopy system to study chemical underpinnings of everyday catalytic, biological, and ecological phenomena. They found that negatively charged ions concentrate at the surface of salt grains as they dissolve in water.
A Johns Hopkins Medicine study found that pilots with a DWI history have a 43% higher crash risk than their counterparts without one. The researchers analyzed over 300,000 pilots and tracked their flying records, concluding that background checks can effectively predict and prevent crashes.
Researchers at New York University have discovered over 150 additional genes required to make an embryo, bringing the total estimated number of genes needed to around 2,600. The study also sheds light on how these genes work in humans and provides clues for understanding human diseases.
The report lists 58 substances as 'known human carcinogens' due to evidence from human studies, including HBV, HCV, and HPV. Eleven new substances have been added to the list of 'reasonably anticipated human carcinogens', including naphthalene, MeIQx, and lead.
A study published in PLOS Biology found that E. coli bacteria, which reproduce symmetrically, have a reduced growth rate, decreased offspring formation, and increased risk of dying compared to cells inheriting new poles.
A study published in Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology journal confirms catheter ablation is safe for patients, with no significant damage to cardiac nerves. The procedure is now a standard therapy for various arrhythmias, including SVT, atrial fibrillation, and AV nodal re-entrant tachycardia.
Chemists in Australia have created a molecule called the 'superbowl' that can carry large molecules of medicinal value, including painkillers and chemotherapy drugs, to specific areas of the body. The molecule shows promise for precision drug delivery and may one day improve medical treatments and save lives.
A team of scientists has published a near-complete genome analysis of rice, revealing a whole-genome duplication event that may have played a role in the origin of grasses. The study provides important insights into the evolution of rice and its possible impact on human history.
The new privacy rule has reduced biomedical research recruitment to an average of 2.5 to 5.7 women per week, significantly impacting the field's progress in understanding preeclampsia and its devastating effects on pregnant women. Dr. Ness calls for modifications to the rule itself to standardize institutions' interpretation.
Researchers at the University of Houston discovered a zebrafish that glows in response to light, shedding light on biological clocks. The per3-luc zebrafish contains genetic material that enables its circadian rhythm without parental influence.
A study published in the Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis found that moderate amounts of alcohol can reduce cardiovascular risk in women, particularly those who are postmenopausal. The research suggests that low to moderate wine consumption may have a favorable effect on cardiovascular events in this demographic.
A study of 3,107 older adults found that screening for osteoporosis using a bone density test reduced the incidence of hip fractures by 36% compared to usual medical care. The study provides new evidence for the effectiveness of osteoporosis screening in preventing fractures.
A meta-analysis of 156 studies found that heavy alcohol drinking is strongly associated with an increased risk of primary liver cancer, breast cancer, large bowel cancer, and other related diseases. The risks are shown to increase with the amount of alcohol consumed, but no threshold below which no effect is evident.
Scientists at Northwestern University have developed a new diagnostic test for Alzheimer's disease using bio-bar-code amplification technology. The test can detect miniscule amounts of a toxic protein in human cerebrospinal fluid, which may be responsible for early neurological deterioration.
Researchers uncover key mechanisms behind puberty, revealing that a specific gene and protein interact to trigger hormone secretion. The study provides new insights into human development and may help prevent precocious or delayed puberty.
Researchers at MCG Medical Center are studying a bioartificial kidney that can mimic the functions of natural kidneys, reducing mortality rates in ICU patients. The device, developed by Dr. H. David Humes, uses billions of donor kidney cells to filter waste and regulate various bodily processes.
Researchers found that treatment with Viagra increases therapeutic levels of nitric oxide in heart cells, stabilizing mitochondria and reducing cell death. This may lead to new treatments for patients with heart failure where loss of cells is primarily due to apoptosis.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center discovered that an inability of red blood cells to relax blood vessels through the release of nitric oxide is a major factor behind sickle cell disease symptoms. Restoring nitric oxide to blood cells may serve as a useful method for treating the disease.
Researchers developed a model linking Huntington's disease mutation to cell death, revealing calcium signaling as a key defect. A new drug, enoxaparin, prevented inappropriate calcium release and cell death in mouse neurons carrying the mutant huntingtin gene.
The AAAS has selected five science reporters from Africa to receive fellowships and training at the 2005 Annual Meeting. The program aims to encourage outstanding young science journalists and support their coverage of science and health topics in developing countries.
A Canadian Medical Association Journal article evaluates the economic impact of sirolimus-eluting stents, finding they are cost-effective in high-risk patients. However, their use is associated with a similar or higher cost per quality-adjusted life-year compared to other medical treatments.
UCI's undergraduate research programs will receive a $900,000 funding boost from the National Science Foundation and National Institutes of Health. The programs, launching this summer, will allow students to conduct interdisciplinary research in biomedical and health promotion fields.
Researchers analyzed Al-Sayyid Bedouin Sign Language (ABSL), a community of 3,500 deaf and hearing people, revealing a distinct grammatical structure that establishes systematic relations among words. ABSL follows a Subject-Object-Verb order, differing from English and other languages in the region.
At least 33% of patients with congestive heart failure who receive specialized pacemakers fail to respond, highlighting the need for more research in selecting candidates. This study suggests that traditional pacemaker implantation may not be effective for patients with previous heart attacks.
The American College of Physicians recommends one-time ultrasound examination for abdominal aortic aneurysm screening in men aged 65-75 who are smokers. New evidence suggests that large abdominal aneurysms may reduce deaths from ruptured aneurysms. Meanwhile, a study found that the COX-2 inhibitor rofecoxib increases heart attack risk ...