Researchers have created a new tool to investigate the components of the circadian clock in vertebrates using transgenic zebrafish that luminesce in sync with their periodicity. The study reveals that aspects of circadian rhythms develop in specific stages, rather than being hardwired into the embryo.
Researchers found that deleting pro-inflammatory enzyme IkB kinase â (Ikk-â) from immune cells' macrophages improves insulin sensitivity, offering hope for new type II diabetes treatments. The study suggests targeting myeloid cells and their macrophages as a potential strategy for treating the disease.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center have identified a gene defect that causes Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, a prevalent and inherited nerve disorder. The discovery provides new insights into the nervous system and may lead to the development of targeted therapies for this debilitating disease.
Researchers discover viral DNA sequence in MMTV Env protein that transforms mouse breast cells. The study suggests a potential new mechanism for virus-induced breast cell transformation.
Researchers have developed a new fluorine-18 labeled imaging agent, nifrolidine, which binds to a receptor involved in cognition and learning. This receptor is also linked to nicotine addiction and lung cancer, making it a potential target for early Alzheimer's disease diagnosis and treatment.
Researchers create a new mathematical model that explains the relationship between friction and motion, suggesting that traditional braking methods may not be the most effective. The findings could lead to improved road safety by optimizing brake performance.
Researchers have devised a thermometer that can measure granular temperature based on the degree of agitation of its component particles. The discovery could lead to better understanding of powders and particulate materials in industries such as pharmaceuticals, food processing, and construction.
A new study found that the transcription factor c-Myb regulates hematopoiesis at multiple points, controlling HSC self-renewal and proliferation. This breakthrough has significant implications for developing compounds to regulate stem cell fate decisions, a potential game-changer for stem cell therapy.
A recent study sheds light on the disparities in pain care faced by minority groups, including African Americans and Hispanics. The research reveals that these individuals often receive inadequate pain management, contributing to worse health outcomes.
Substances in wine have been shown to share the characteristics of ethanol, preventing blood clotting and providing cardio-protective effects. Additionally, wine has been found to reduce mortality from cancer compared to other alcoholic beverages, thanks to its antioxidant properties.
Scientists at UCSB study the relationship between recent severe storms and increased oil emissions from the Coal Oil Point seep field. Researchers estimate current oil emissions are many times pre-storm levels, with new areas of seepage appearing and gas driving the flow.
A study of 25 northern British Columbia women reveals three key coping mechanisms: becoming hardy, making the best of the North and supplementing it. These strategies involve self-reliance, spiritual beliefs, outdoor activities and social support networks.
A new nanoscale diagnostic technique has been developed to detect possible traces of Alzheimer's disease in cerebrospinal fluid. The procedure uses magnetic and DNA particles to identify biomarkers, which could lead to early diagnosis and effective treatment if proven successful.
Research suggests that erectile dysfunction (ED) is a significant public health concern associated with cardiovascular medicine. Early recognition of ED in high-risk populations can lead to early diagnosis of cardiovascular risk factors and subclinical vascular disease.
Researchers propose a new naming system for bird neurosystems, revealing similarities to mammalian brains. The revised nomenclature reflects recent discoveries in neural processing and behavior, highlighting the cognitive abilities of birds comparable to those of mammals.
Researchers estimate that progesterone therapy could reduce the rate of recurrent preterm birth in the US by about 2%, preventing around 10,000 premature births annually. The study's findings are based on a clinical trial showing a significant reduction in preterm birth risk among women with a history of spontaneous preterm birth.
Researchers at the University at Buffalo are conducting a 12-week study to evaluate the effectiveness of an amino acid supplement in reducing hot flashes in postmenopausal women. The trial will compare the active treatment with a placebo, and results may offer an alternative to hormone replacement therapy.
The ASBMB-Avanti award recognizes Dr. Dowhan's work on lipid-protein interactions, which has expanded our understanding of lipids' roles in cellular processes. His research has established the molecular basis for new lipid functions and impacts a wide range of investigators.
Researchers have successfully measured the back-flow effect in Brownian motion, a phenomenon Einstein predicted but overlooked 100 years ago. The discovery uses optical tweezers technology to detect this effect, confirming a key aspect of Brownian motion theory.
Researchers found that chaos and noise are essential for maintaining marine ecosystems, allowing plankton blooms to flourish even in suboptimal conditions. By adding noise to a system, it can become synchronized and sustained, contrary to previous assumptions.
Researchers found that excessive build-up of succinic acid in mitochondria triggers a sequence of events leading to tumour growth. The study increases understanding of molecular basis of several types of cancer, crucial for developing new prevention, diagnosis and treatment methods.
A randomized controlled trial found that amoxicillin was more effective than placebo in treating middle ear infections in children, but showed no significant difference in adverse events or recurrence rates. The study suggests that antibiotics may be a useful treatment option for this common childhood illness.
Untrained individuals can use automated external defibrillators quickly and safely after basic theoretical explanation. The performance improves dramatically after training, reducing response times from over a minute to under 1 minute.
Researchers have successfully grown functional motor neurons from human embryonic stem cells in a lab, providing a critical breakthrough for treating diseases like ALS. The discovery challenges the long-held assumption that stem cell differentiation occurs in linear fashion.
A study of over 150,000 individuals in England and Wales found that the percentage of those living alone increased by 31% between 1971 and 2023, with men more prone to going solo after age 25. The trend is expected to continue, with younger generations increasingly choosing individual living.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have discovered a new syndrome characterized by wide-set eyes, cleft palate, or split uvula, and aggressive swelling of the aorta. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent aortic rupture and save lives, with surgery often successful if performed promptly.
Researchers from Johns Hopkins University found that RFID microchips in car keys and wireless payment tags may be vulnerable to encryption cracking, allowing thieves to bypass auto theft prevention systems and charge unauthorized purchases. The study recommends implementing free metallic sheaths to cover devices when not in use.
A study by SLU researchers found that African-Americans receive less medical care and smaller compensation packages for work-related back injuries, leading to greater dissatisfaction and long-term disability. This disparity can result in increased costs for the system and individuals, highlighting the need for more equitable treatment.
A monkey study provides a controlled laboratory setting to explore how monkeys make social judgments, including dominance rankings and reproductive success. The findings suggest that the brain processes social information in a way similar to humans, with implications for understanding autism.
Three scientists say current sanctuary plan lacks scientific basis, fails to consider migratory whale behavior and other threats. Refined conservation program using Revised Management Procedure (RMP) would be more effective in protecting whale populations.
A new mathematical model suggests that more genome comparisons are necessary to detect conserved DNA regions, especially for longer stretches. The model estimates that around 50-120 genomes are needed to reduce error rates from 1 in 100 to 1 in 10,000.
A study published in the Journal of the American Dietetic Association found that preschoolers who consumed more fiber had more nutrient-rich diets. Experts suggest increasing fiber consumption through whole-grain products and high-fiber cereals to support healthy growth and development.
Researchers analyzed chromatin structure in human chromosomes and found similar patterns in equivalent regions of the mouse genome, revealing new insights into regulatory functions and potential connections to cancer. This study advances our understanding of how genes are turned on and off, with implications for improving human health.
New research indicates that hands-free devices are not the solution to driver distraction, as they can still disrupt driving and lead to poor speed control. The study also shows that auditory information, such as voice commands, competes for drivers' attention more than visual displays.
A study by Boston College and UMass found that students' MCAS English/Language Arts exam scores improved when they used computers to write papers for school, but decreased with recreational computer use. The study controlled for home learning environments and teacher practices.
Physicists at UC Berkeley have successfully produced a quantum whistle in superfluid helium-4 using an array of tiny holes. The whistle is achieved at a temperature of 2 Kelvin, making the sensors user-friendly for scientists unfamiliar with cryogenic technology.
A team of international scientists is measuring the Arctic atmosphere to validate NASA's Aura satellite data. The focus is on understanding ozone depletion in this sensitive region, which can have severe effects on humans and ecosystems.
Researchers found that most parents and teachers agree on the importance of providing healthy food options in schools, with 90% supporting snack availability. However, only 18% of parents and 31% of teachers believe schools prioritize student nutrition.
Virginia Tech professors Fred Piercy and Margaret Keeling will provide mental health training in Indonesia to help therapists work with families and children. The training aims to promote culturally sensitive interventions and community support, taking into account the importance of cultural and religious rituals in Indonesian society.
A North Carolina State University study found that up to 79% of DHS safety symbols are unacceptable for communicating hazard-related information. The researchers recommend using human factors solutions such as testing, iterative comprehension testing, and public awareness campaigns to improve the effectiveness of these symbols.
A recent study contradicts previous research by failing to detect human herpesvirus 8 in lung tissue samples from Japanese patients with primary pulmonary hypertension. The study suggests that the virus may not be associated with this condition in Japan, unlike in US patients where it was previously linked.
Researchers from NASA's Langley Research Center and Goddard Space Flight Center studied tropical convective clouds in Florida to classify ice crystals, which can help predict next winter's snowstorm. They hope to contribute to improving weather and climate models by accounting for clouds' role in atmospheric conditions.
Researchers will investigate the spread of 'superbugs' and develop more effective antimicrobial agents and vaccine strategies to treat lung infections. The goal is to determine when segregation of CF patients is necessary, reducing social strain on families and individuals.
A new study found that green tea extract (GTE) supplementation improves swimming endurance by 8-24% over 10 weeks, with benefits attributed to increased fat oxidation and lower respiratory quotients. The study also suggests that long-term GTE consumption may be beneficial for improving exercise performance and overall health.
A research team has published a paper in Science magazine that uses molecular biology to illuminate the evolutionary history of bats. The study reveals that large fruit-eating bats (megabats) emerged from four major lineages of smaller, night-flying bats (microbats), with the latter originating around 52-50 million years ago.
Researchers found stretches of DNA on chromosomes 7, 8 and 10 that were shared in 60% of gay brothers, suggesting a complex trait influenced by multiple genes and environmental factors. The study analyzed the genomes of 456 men from 146 families with two or more gay brothers.
Qdot molecular imaging enables precise tracking of tumors, identification of cancer types, and real-time optical biopsy. The technology holds promise for a one-two punch approach to diagnose and treat cancer.
Researchers found that diabetic patients are more likely to develop bacteremia caused by urinary tract infections, leading to a higher risk of death. The study suggests that diabetics should seek medical care promptly if they experience signs and symptoms of urinary tract infection or bacteremia/sepsis.
Researchers found that nicotine caused a significant increase in atrial interstitial fibrosis and electrical remodeling in hearts with myocardial infarction, leading to atrial flutter. The study suggests a causal link between nicotine and atrial flutter, potentially informing new therapeutic strategies.
The conference will address patent regulations for genetically engineered organisms, regulatory challenges for new drugs developed through genetic investigations or stem-cell research, and public acceptance of these products. Experts with international reputations will discuss future pathways of innovation in the life sciences.
Researchers discovered a key protein, BZR1, that regulates plant growth by binding to a specific DNA sequence and stopping the production of an enzyme needed for BR synthesis. This feedback loop helps maintain optimal steroid levels for plant growth.
Researchers have found that cooling can significantly reduce brain damage in newborn babies who suffer from oxygen deprivation at birth. The treatment involves lowering the body temperature of the baby for 72 hours after birth using a water-filled cap. This breakthrough discovery has the potential to bring routine treatment to babies s...
Researchers discovered a critical 'gatekeeper' function that prevents auto-antibody accumulation in lupus, which can be restored to reverse the disease. Increasing Fc receptor activity by 40% restored health in animal models of lupus.
A partnership between The Beard Company and Pinnacle Mining Company will utilize patented Microcel TM technology to recover clean coal from fine coal impoundments, providing a new energy resource. The project is expected to produce 240,000 tons of clean coal per year.
EndGenitor Technologies Inc. will market test kits for researchers to detect endothelial stem and progenitor cells, which can be used to treat chronic degenerative diseases associated with aging. The company aims to create cell therapy products using the 'ancestor' cells discovered by Drs. Mervin C. Yoder Jr. and David A. Ingram Jr.
The study reveals that obese individuals have low non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT), a biological need to sit more, which is linked to brain chemical differences. Encouraging NEAT-seeking behaviors can help obese patients overcome this defect and achieve weight loss.
Researchers found a biochemical switch, PGC-1beta, in liver cells that triggers the harmful effects of saturated and trans fats. The discovery offers hope for developing drug therapies to lower cholesterol levels and heart disease risk.
Lynne E. Maquat and her team identified a novel pathway for regulating RNA degradation, called Staufen1-mediated degradation (SMD). This mechanism affects numerous transcripts and is a new form of gene regulation. SMD activity may be regulated by cell signaling pathways.
A defect in neuroligin genes disrupts neuronal connections and results in an imbalance of neuronal function, providing a possible explanation for autistic children's neurodevelopmental defects. Understanding this cellular defect is crucial towards developing therapies for autism-spectrum disorders.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center successfully implemented Universal Newborn Hearing Screening, reducing the number of false positives and increasing follow-up rates. Rescreening infants four hours after birth improved outcomes, while providing outpatient retesting encouraged parents to return for further evaluation.