A new Stanford study has found that self-identified racial and ethnic groups correlate strongly with their genetic profiles, with an error rate of less than 0.14%. The research, involving 3,636 participants, challenges the idea that race is a social construct with no genetic basis.
The ARM Mobile Facility is a moveable, atmospheric-measuring suite designed to withstand temperatures from minus-40 to plus-120 degrees Fahrenheit. The station measures physical properties of air and heat radiating from clouds and the ground, providing critical information missing in climate models.
Scientists at Ohio State University have found that a long-ago ice age occurred 10 million years earlier than previously thought. The discovery resolves an inconsistency in climate change research and suggests that CO2 concentrations drive climate. Sea levels may have been low globally at the time, likely due to a global ice buildup.
A new study from the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine suggests that PPARã can turn genes both on and off. By targeting this ability to turn off genes without affecting others, researchers may develop drugs called SPPARMs that decrease TZD-related side effects.
A study of 150 subjects found that listening to a relaxation tape prior to and during mammography did not decrease women's feelings of pain and anxiety. In fact, virtually none of the participants experienced pain or anxiety during the test, contradicting previous studies that attributed non-compliance to pain.
A large study found that early surgery does not reduce deaths and disability in patients with brain hemorrhage. Only patients with small blood clots near the surface of the brain may benefit from surgical intervention.
The study investigates how people navigate risk and uncertainty in their personal lives, relationships, and careers. Key findings include the erosion of traditional roles and relationships between men and women, as well as the increasing importance of private responsibilities and public support.
Tributyltin oxide (TBT) affects the mechanical activity of outer hair cells, which boost incoming sound energy to inner hair cells. The study found rapid and profound effects of TBT on outer hair cell membrane chloride ion exchange.
Researchers analyzed satellite data from four years of MISR observations to find a concentrated pool of particles over Bihar, largely due to inefficient biofuel burning. The pollution affects human health and local climate, with altered temperature and precipitation patterns.
The ESRC Social Contexts and Responses to Risk network examines perceptions of risk and responses to it in various areas, including town-planning, intimate sexual behavior, and social care. The research aims to provide a clear assessment of how the social sciences can contribute to understanding and managing new risks.
A new study suggests that cardiac rehabilitation programs lasting at least six months can lead to significant improvements in both physical and mental health. The research found that patients who participated in extended programs experienced greater benefits than those in shorter programs, with peak effects occurring at 38 weeks.
A study of 45,354 US women found that high calcium intake reduced the risk of colorectal cancer by 26%. Consuming a diet rich in calcium, even lower than current recommended daily allowance, is a safe and effective way for women to guard themselves against colorectal cancer.
Researchers at NETL and Carnegie Mellon created a predictive model for hydrogen flux through copper palladium alloys, allowing for the screening of other complex alloys. This breakthrough could significantly improve industrial hydrogen purification, taking us closer to a hydrogen-based economy.
Researchers at UCSD and Salk Institute have discovered that small carboxyl-terminal domain phosphatases (SCPs) play a crucial role in the maintenance of neural stem cells and silencing of neuronal genes. This finding suggests a way to expand the pool of neuronal stem cells, potentially leading to new treatments for neurological disorders.
A new study identifies a genetic variant associated with increased MS risk in women, suggesting that interferon gamma production plays a key role in the disease. The findings provide potential targets for future research and treatments, as well as insights into gender differences in disease susceptibility.
A groundbreaking study aims to create more accurate surveys by considering context and long-term implications. However, the researchers warn that this approach may require significant investment in training and respondent commitment.
A study published in Clinical Cancer Research shows that Herstatin blocks the growth of brain tumors by inhibiting signaling inside tumor cells. The treatment has shown promise as a viable alternative to traditional brain tumor treatment methods, particularly for glioblastoma, the most deadly form of brain cancer.
Researchers have made breakthroughs in understanding how plant steroids regulate gene expression, which could lead to increased crop yields and reduced costs. The studies revealed the molecular mechanisms by which steroid hormones activate receptor proteins on plant cell surfaces, and identified key transcription factors involved in th...
Researchers gather stories from two communities in Essex to understand people's assumptions and values on environmental risks. The study aims to give more insight into the social, cultural and local factors that influence attitudes towards technological risks.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center found that monkeys will pay to view images of familiar, high-ranking individuals or those with potential sexual partners. This study demonstrates that monkeys assess visual information by its social value, providing insight into their social cognition.
Roger Atkinson, a leading atmospheric chemist, has been elected Fellow of the American Geophysical Union. His pioneering research on atmospheric reactions and photochemical smog has received recognition from various quarters. He has contributed to the development of analytical and experimental methods for researchers.
Researchers at Georgia Tech and MUSC developed a novel mathematical model that accurately predicted the behavior of a key signaling pathway in yeast. The model was tested experimentally and showed promising results, with predictions validated in all qualitative scenarios.
Researchers at NIST developed a simple, chemical way to attach electrical contacts to molecular-scale electronic components. The technique, patented by the institute, uses copper ions to form strong, chemically bonded contacts that protect fragile molecules during further metallic vapor deposition steps.
Recent studies suggest that brain avalanches, triggered by neurochemicals, may be optimal for information storage. This discovery could lead to new treatments for memory disorders.
A study estimates that a person would need to eat at least 1.5kg of neural tissue from an infected animal to be at risk of developing vCJD. The investigation found the efficiency of infection from cow to primate could be 7-20 times lower than intraspecies infection for cattle.
Researchers found Celebrex significantly reduced adhesions after surgery, with 55% of mice completely adhesion-free. The study suggests COX-2 inhibitors could prevent adhesions in adult surgical patients, offering a new treatment option.
Physicists at NIST recreate key process for nuclear energy production in dense stars using ultracold crystals. The experiments may help study nuclear fusion as an energy source and demonstrate a new method for modeling dense stellar objects.
A team of experts from the University of Manchester and Imperial College London discovered a gene called melanopsin that causes nerve cells to become photoreceptive. Activating this gene in non-light-sensitive cells makes them sensitive to light, which may provide a new approach to treating visual loss.
Scientists at NIST have developed prototype pyroelectric detectors coated with carbon nanotubes, showing improved heat conduction and laser resistance. The coating absorbs light and converts it to heat, generating a current that measures the power of the laser.
Researchers found that periodic syphilis outbreaks are caused by a loss of immunity among those at risk of infection, not changes in sexual behavior. The study analyzed data from 68 US cities since the 1940s and found that rises and falls in disease cases followed a distinct 10-year cycle.
A randomized, placebo-controlled trial showed etanercept was ineffective in preventing disease flares for patients with Wegener's granulomatosis. The study found that most patients experienced disease remissions at a high cost due to treatment-associated adverse effects.
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) advises organizations to carefully consider the security implications of Voice Over Internet Protocol (VOIP) systems. Implementing common security measures, such as firewalls and encryption, can result in poor voice quality and blocked calls if not done properly.
The IBDchip is an open tool that includes polymorphisms associated with the disease, predisposition, and evolution. Progenika has developed similar products, including the Lipochip for hypercholesterolemia diagnosis and the Bloodchip for genotyping blood donors.
Richard Zare receives $100,000 Wolf Prize for his ingenious applications of laser techniques in analytical chemistry. He has developed novel methods for detecting single molecules and exploring chemical properties.
Researchers discovered that melanopsin, a protein in the eyes, absorbs light and triggers a biochemical cascade to signal the brain about brightness. This allows ipRGCs to synchronize the body's daily rhythms with the sun's rising and setting, controlling alertness, sleep, hormone production, and organ function.
Researchers found that genetic selection for low aerobic capacity in rats led to high cardiovascular risk factors, mirroring human data on fitness and survival. The study suggests a link between impaired oxygen metabolism and disease, supporting the importance of aerobic health.
Experiments on moss grown in space showed it formed striking clockwise spirals despite the absence of gravity. Common roof moss grew in a residual spacing mechanism intended to control colony growth and branch distribution.
A recent study suggests that better hospital resource management and staff training are crucial in responding effectively to disasters. The study emphasizes the need for improved communication, planning, and education among hospitals to ensure a more efficient exchange of resources during critical situations.
A case report reveals a traveller from a tsunami-affected region developed mucormycosis, highlighting the need for early diagnosis and treatment. The study suggests that travellers repatriated from affected areas can serve as predictors of infections in survivors.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic have identified a new form of muscular dystrophy in adults, linked to specific gene mutations that can be targeted for treatment. The study combines laboratory and clinical data to provide a deeper understanding of the disease process and its genetic basis.
Scientists at Imperial College London and the University of Manchester have discovered a way to activate melanopsin, a gene that makes nerve cells responsive to light. This breakthrough could lead to new therapies for forms of blindness such as retinitis pigmentosa.
Researchers used quantum dots to visualize protein localization in plant cells for the first time, providing valuable understanding of pollen tube interaction. The study paves the way for using quantum dots in live imaging and improving plant breeding techniques.
Researchers studied the plant's leaves, discovering an 'active snap-buckling instability' that controls rapid closure. The study reveals key mechanisms for the plant's trap-like movement, with implications for biomimetic systems and tiny artificial devices.
The XCCDF specification document provides a flexible, vendor-neutral format for measuring conformance to security benchmarks and generating records of benchmark tests. NIST is developing computer security checklists for widely used government agencies with the help of organizations like NSA and DHS.
A recent study found that HIV/AIDS conspiracy beliefs are associated with negative attitudes towards condoms and inconsistent condom use among African American men. The study suggests that addressing these beliefs is crucial in changing the disproportionately high rate of HIV and AIDS in this community.
A study published in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine found that exercising moderately intense aerobics for 30-35 minutes per day reduced depressive symptoms by an average of 47% after 12 weeks. The study included 80 adults with mild to moderate depression and showed similar results to antidepressant medications.
A new study reveals that a world without fire would see closed forests more than double in extent, while tropical grasslands and savannas shrink significantly. The findings highlight the crucial role of fire in shaping vegetation and ecosystems worldwide.
Researchers discovered that n-cofilin is critical for regulating cell movement. The molecule is essential for cells to migrate and form proper tissues during embryonic development. Its absence can lead to conditions like Spina bifida, where cells fail to reach their destinations.
Researchers discover a new paternal effect gene in Drosophila that has a relatively recent origin, overturning the theory that genes with vital functions must have been created long ago. The gene's evolution raises questions about why and how it emerged.
Researchers found that indirect CT venography increases the detection rate of thromboembolic disease by 20% compared to traditional CTPA. The addition of CTV improves diagnosis for patients with pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis, saving lives.
Researchers discovered that certain mutations in the androgen receptor cause advanced prostate cancer when introduced into healthy mice. These findings shed light on why hormone withdrawal therapy fails to cure most men with advanced prostate cancer, and open the door to discovering new, effective therapies.
Researchers found that people with fibromyalgia have similar average activity levels as those without the condition, but lower high-intensity activities. This study suggests a more nuanced understanding of fibromyalgia and could lead to changes in treatment.
Researchers found evidence of meiosis in Giardia intestinalis, a unicellular protist parasite, suggesting that eukaryotes have been capable of sex for a long time. The discovery provides insight into the evolution of sexual reproduction in eukaryotic cells.
A Canada International Scientific Exchange Program (CISEPO) project has successfully brought together Israeli, Jordanian and Palestinian health professionals to address common health issues. The program has expanded to include activities on maternal and child health, young people's health and infectious diseases.
A CU-Boulder team discovered that tiny organisms in Yellowstone hot springs rely on hydrogen as their main energy source, contradicting the long-held idea that sulfur is the primary fuel. The study used novel instrumentation and genetic analysis to determine hydrogen's role in microbial communities.
Researchers found evidence for meiosis in Giardia, a single-celled protist thought to be a modern representative of an early diverging eukaryotic lineage. The discovery suggests that the earliest eukaryotes diverged after the advent of meiosis, providing new insights into sexual evolution.
This article discusses the association between non-hazardous alcohol consumption and injury, as well as barriers to treating depression among young adults. Studies find that excessive drinking causes significant injuries, while negative attitudes towards treatment may prevent youth from accepting diagnosis and care.
Researchers successfully redirected human immune cells to target and kill cancer cells by introducing a specific gene that allows for high-affinity recognition of tumor-associated p53. This breakthrough approach holds promise for a novel, broad-spectrum immunotherapy for malignant diseases.
A recent study suggests that whole-body CT screening for cancer and other diseases is not a cost-effective use of healthcare funding. The procedure's estimated $2,513 cost per patient yields only minimal gains in life expectancy, making it more expensive than many other interventions.
Researchers discovered two distinct areas in the medial frontal cortex associated with free choice and conflict. This discovery may explain why people with damage to this area seem incapable of making decisions, and has implications for our understanding of free will and decision-making processes.