A new study found that telephone-administered cognitive-behavioral therapy (T-CBT) significantly improved depression symptoms in patients with multiple sclerosis. The treatment was more effective than supportive emotion-focused therapy (T-SEFT) and showed lasting gains.
A new study has shown that fondaparinux, a synthetic drug, is as effective as traditional therapy in preventing heart attacks and ischemia while reducing major bleeding risks. Patients with acute coronary syndromes who received fondaparinux had lower mortality rates at one month and six months compared to those receiving enoxaparin.
Regular aerobic exercise training is safe and beneficial for cardiac patients, even those with reduced left ventricular function. Appropriate screening and controlled exercise intensity are crucial to minimize risk. Athletes with coronary artery disease can participate in low-intensity competitive sports under supervision.
University of Oregon chemist Jim Hutchison has developed a method to rapidly generate diverse libraries of functionalized gold particles with cores of 11 gold atoms. The new synthesis technique offers great promise for research and development at the nanoscale.
The study evaluates the feasibility and effectiveness of continuous telemonitoring of multiple disease-relevant parameters in patients with chronic heart failure. The results show that treatment can be adjusted before deterioration, leading to a gain in feeling of security and reduced hospital re-admissions.
A study found that coronary calcium scans can predict heart disease in healthy men, particularly those between 40-50 years old. The scans detected coronary calcium in approximately 20% of the men, and they were 11.8 times more likely to suffer a cardiac event than those without deposits.
A study found that preschoolers' attitudes towards tobacco and alcohol use are shaped by their parents' behavior and media exposure. Children who saw PG-13 or R-rated movies were more likely to choose wine or beer, while those with parents who drank monthly were three times as likely to buy it.
A new study published in the JAMA Network found that clopidogrel pretreatment significantly reduced the odds of cardiovascular death, heart attack, or stroke following PCI by 46% compared to treatment at the time of PCI. Pretreatment also resulted in a 41% reduction in cardiovascular death from randomization through 30 days.
Researchers have discovered the closest living descendant of the extinct giant deer, a species that once roamed the UK. The fallow deer was found to share key characteristics with the ancient animal, including flattened antlers and similar skull and teeth features.
The Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial (ASCOT) found that newer antihypertensive drugs, such as amlodipine and perindopril, were more effective than standard diuretic or ß-blocker therapy in reducing blood pressure and preventing major cardiovascular events. The study showed a significant reduction in stroke events and fewer cas...
Scientists at EMBL and IRB-PCB found that disrupted genes in stem cells can lead to deadly tumors. The study shows that specific molecules control cell division and differentiation, and their disruption can result in cancer.
Melanoma cells can efficiently spread due to reactivation of dormant Slug gene, which enables swift travel through the body. This discovery sheds light on why melanoma metastasizes at an earlier stage than other cancers.
A study by Professor Peter Openshaw suggests a link between reduced childhood infections and increased asthma prevalence, highlighting the importance of early exposure to dirt. The 'hygiene hypothesis' proposes that a lack of environmental factors can lead to immune system imbalances, making individuals more susceptible to diseases.
Researchers found that most human embryonic stem cell lines exhibit gross genetic changes after a year to three years of growth in the lab. These changes can affect chromosome numbers, gene expression, and mitochondrial DNA sequences. The study highlights the need for close monitoring and further investigation into the effects of these...
Researchers in The Netherlands found a positive trend in rheumatoid arthritis disease activity over the last decade, coinciding with more aggressive treatment strategies. The study showed that patients diagnosed with RA within the last ten years had less severe disease activity and a more favorable course of their disease.
K-State researchers are working on a new drug to treat cystic fibrosis by designing chloride-selective pores that can help ions travel across cell membranes. Their goal is to create a medication that works efficiently and effectively at low doses, improving the lives of those affected by the disease.
Researchers discover Chk1 protein plays natural defense against therapeutic damage in cancer cells, making treatment less effective. Combining chemotherapy agents with Chk1 inhibitors may increase efficacy and overcome clinical resistance.
Researchers found that dehydration reduces performance by 8% in temperate weather but has minimal effect in cold temperatures. A study also discovered glycerol as an effective hyperhydration agent to retain fluid in the body, which can be beneficial for prolonged outdoor exposure.
A study found that an abstinence-only sex education program increased teens' knowledge of HIV/STDs and their commitment to abstinence. However, it had mixed effects on sexual behavior, with no impact on the likelihood of having sex or using condoms. The program may reduce casual sex encounters among sexually active students.
Researchers are studying how insects recognize infection caused by microorganisms and the pathway of reactions that follow in their immune systems. The goal is to understand how to disrupt disease transmission by blood-feeding insects, such as mosquitoes.
Recent evidence suggests a link between estrogen deprivation and joint pain, particularly in women undergoing hormone therapy for breast cancer. Studies have shown that aromatase inhibitors and other estrogen-depleting treatments can increase the risk of musculoskeletal symptoms, including joint pain.
Researchers found that 97% of patients achieved control over ocular inflammation after one month of treatment with the new drug. Additionally, 82% were able to taper their dose of steroid prednisone without experiencing increased side effects.
Researchers found that high-dose vitamin E supplementation improved rat lifespan, cognitive function, and neuromuscular performance. The results show a significant correlation between vitamin E levels and mitochondrial function, supporting the free radical theory of aging.
Tropical forest landscapes are changing rapidly as old-growth forests become agricultural lands, degraded land is abandoned, and urbanization intensifies. Scientists are studying the dimensions and mechanisms of forest responses to rapid human-population increase and environmental changes.
Researchers have made a crucial breakthrough in understanding Rett Syndrome by identifying the specific genetic targets involved in the disease. The discovery of an A-T stretch required for MeCP2 binding provides a key clue to finding new target genes.
Researchers found that physical fitness reduces cardiovascular disease death risk by over 50% across all cholesterol levels. The study analyzed data from 19,125 men aged 20-79 and confirmed the effectiveness of revised guidelines for lowering bad cholesterol.
The FANTOM consortium's findings provide a major step towards identifying all protein building blocks, using multiple mechanisms to produce different forms of proteins in mammals. The research also explores the importance of non-coding RNA in development and evolution, revealing why complex organisms evolved beyond simple genes.
Researchers from the University of Delaware made a breakthrough in studying small RNAs by applying Massively Parallel Signature Sequencing (MPSS) to Arabidopsis. The study identified over 75,000 different small RNA sequences and provided quantitative information on their abundance and regulation.
A recent study published by the American Gastroenterological Association found that nearly 80% of Asian patients with chronic HCV developed cirrhosis after 60 years of infection. The study's results confirm that fibrosis progression is the same across ethnic groups, leading to cirrhosis and liver disease at a similar rate in everyone.
A new combination of analytical chemistry and mathematical data analysis techniques allows rapid identification of Coxiella burnetii, a potential bioterrorism agent causing Q fever. The method is 95.2% accurate and delivers results in 5 minutes compared to 2 hours for current detection methods.
Researchers found a significant association between the mitochondrial DNA variant and increased breast cancer risk in African-American women, while white women carry a much higher frequency of the allele without apparent implications for breast cancer risk.
Researchers identified a novel GBS gene, iagA, that facilitates the bacteria's interaction with host cells by synthesizing a glycolipid anchor. This discovery contributes to understanding the molecular pathogenesis of invasive GBS infection, highlighting the importance of proper cell surface anchoring for bacterial invasion and virulence.
The mammalian transcriptome has been completely mapped, showing a massive abundance of noncoding RNAs and antisense genes. This discovery has significant implications for our understanding of genetics, gene regulation, and cellular functions.
A new study confirms that APOBEC-3G edits the HIV genetic code, preventing viral reproduction. Higher levels of A3G are associated with lower HIV viral levels and higher CD4 T cell counts in patients. This discovery holds promise for a novel approach to fight HIV.
A multi-center study found that cereal consumption was positively associated with lower body mass index (BMI) and adequate nutrient intake in adolescent girls. The researchers also suggested that other factors related to cereal consumption, such as eating healthful foods like milk and juice, may have an impact on girls' diets.
A Stanford study found that combining vitamin D and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) suppresses prostate cancer growth more effectively than using either drug alone. The researchers discovered a 25-70% reduction in cell growth when calcitriol was used with NSAIDs, with potential implications for new treatment options.
The study found that Rev/Dex reduced myeloma cancer protein levels by over half in 91% of patients, with manageable side effects and a rapid response time. This oral treatment offers an attractive alternative to traditional intravenous therapies.
A UCSF study has identified a signaling system composed of several genes as crucial for maintaining the stability of the nervous system. The research, led by Graeme Davis and Benjamin Eaton, found that a cytoplasmic enzyme called LIM Kinase1 is essential for stabilizing synaptic connections in fruit flies.
The BEADS system detects toxin from environmental samples, then uses antibodies to purify and concentrate the pathogen or toxin for accurate detection. The system has been commercially licensed and can detect multiple pathogens simultaneously.
Children with asthma are at significantly greater risk for serious airway constriction if their fathers have a history of the disease. A 5-year study found paternal asthma strongly associated with childhood airway hyperresponsiveness, a defining feature of asthma. In contrast, maternal asthma showed no correlation.
Research confirms that patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are more likely to develop conditions such as asthma, multiple sclerosis, and other demyelinating disorders. The studies found a nearly two-fold increased risk of multiple sclerosis in IBD patients, highlighting the need for closer monitoring.
Research by Yale University scientists reveals GABA's role in regulating neural stem cells. The study suggests that enhancing GABA's function may limit neurogenesis and increase the risk of glioma, a type of brain tumor.
Researchers have discovered a super sulfur soaker material, cryptomelane, that can capture high amounts of sulfur dioxide. The material maintains its capacity even under extreme conditions and can protect nitrogen oxides traps from degradation.
A Canadian-led study published in The New England Journal of Medicine found that amnioinfusion does not reduce the risk of meconium aspiration syndrome. Meconium aspiration syndrome is a rare but serious neonatal lung condition caused by inhaling a mixture of meconium and amniotic fluid during labor.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University found that giving chemotherapy and radiation together from the start may help patients with locally advanced lung cancer live longer. The study compared three treatment approaches and showed that combining chemotherapy and radiation improved patient outcomes.
Scientists at MIT and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution found a lag in freshwater and saltwater inflows and outflows related to seasonal water table changes. Seawater intrusion into coastal aquifers may occur several months after precipitation, affecting nutrient and contaminant transport.
A new study by Kishan Pandya and colleagues found that gabapentin significantly reduced hot flash severity scores in women with breast cancer. The results suggest that gabapentin can be added to the list of non-hormonal agents for controlling hot flashes in these patients, with further studies needed on higher doses.
Researchers at Scripps Research and GNF develop a strategy to identify functions of noncoding RNAs, which are abundant in human cells. The team screened a library of noncoding RNAs and identified eight that appeared to have functional roles, including one that regulates nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) signaling.
Prostate cancer cells manipulate Wnt signaling proteins to establish themselves in bone tissue, producing dense bony lesions characteristic of prostate cancer. The study found that altered levels of Wnt activity promote osteoblastic lesions, while high levels of DKK-1 inhibit Wnt activity, leading to highly osteolytic tumor lesions.
The Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution's Deep Scope expedition has made several groundbreaking discoveries, including the detection of ultra-violet light sensitivity in a deep-sea crab. The team also captured new video footage of a large, recently discovered squid species that appears to be attracted to bioluminescent displays.
Scientists create ceramic nanospheres to fill fluid-filled channels in teeth, reducing sharp pain. The novel approach has the potential to be a game-changer for treating dental hypersensitivity.
The SALT Telescope will provide unparalleled views of the southern Milky Way and nearby galaxies like the Magellanic Clouds. The telescope's Prime Focus Imaging Spectrograph will capture high-resolution pictures and spectra, enabling scientists to study star formation and galaxy evolution.
Researchers have discovered a novel Group B Streptococcus (GBS) gene, iagA, that helps the bacteria invade the human blood-brain barrier, leading to meningitis. A glycolipid treatment has been found to induce long-term anergy in natural killer T cells, which could impact its use as an immune activator.
A team of scientists led by Alan E.E. Rogers successfully detected deuterium using a radio telescope array, a significant breakthrough in understanding the universe's origins. The detection has implications for understanding dark matter and cosmic baryon density.
A research team has found a strong relationship between polymer reactivity and nanoparticle size, shape, and morphology. They discovered that strongly interacting polymers produce smaller, pyramid-shaped particles, while weakly interacting polymers yield larger, spherical particles.
Activated vitamin D, when combined with NSAIDs, may offer a more tolerable treatment option for prostate cancer. The drug combination limits prostate cancer cell growth by targeting the same molecules attacked by NSAIDs, promoting the breakdown of prostaglandin hormones.
The UltraScience Net enables fast data transfer between research institutions, with speeds of up to 20 Gigabits per second. Fermilab and Caltech successfully tested the system, achieving a rate of 7 Gigabits per second, thousands of times faster than usual high-speed Internet connections.
Researchers in France tested two intervention methods to reduce antibiotic use in kindergarteners, resulting in a 15% decline in antibiotic use. The study found that reduced antibiotic pressure allowed drug-susceptible bacteria to re-establish themselves as dominant colonizers of the respiratory tract.
Researchers found that distinct brain regions were active when rats chose between environments associated with pups or cocaine. This discovery may provide insight into the neural basis of decision-making and preference formation in mammals.
The mouse genome is more complex than expected, with over 60% of mRNAs not encoding proteins. The discovery challenges the traditional view that genes contain specific protein blueprints.