A study of liver transplant patients found that older donors, longer cold ischemia times, and urgent recipient status are significant risk factors for shortened graft survival. The results suggest a new model to predict post-transplant survival, potentially improving organ allocation decisions.
A study by Cardiff University found that males with attractive body odor produce peptides that increase their sexual attractiveness to females. The research suggests that smell plays a crucial role in choosing a partner, particularly for humans and fish, and may be linked to immune genes.
Researchers created a platform technology that can be adapted for various tissue types and preclinical uses, enabling real-time monitoring of gene expression. This approach uses magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to non-invasively image cells at high resolution, providing insights into disease mechanisms.
A recent national technology study reveals that research universities are significant economic accelerators, generating patents, commercial licenses, and businesses. Top-performing institutions such as Stanford University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) demonstrate remarkable success in fostering innovation.
Researchers found that storing spinach at 39 degrees Fahrenheit slows down nutrient loss compared to warmer temperatures. The study's findings have implications for the shipping process, where produce is often kept at warm temperatures for extended periods.
Researchers used historical photographs to analyze landscape change over time, finding that erosion is linked to clearing trees from hill slopes. Additionally, they found that riparian zones along rivers and streams have improved significantly over the past 30 years.
Researchers have discovered how modern fish, such as pike and cod, developed a way to float at different water levels by inflating their swimbladders with gas. This is made possible by a complex system of arteries, veins, and special blood proteins that drive oxygen into the swimbladder.
A recent study by VUMC researchers confirms a dramatic spread of MRSA in the noses of healthy children, with 9.2% positivity rate, up from 1% three years ago.
The study found that excessive drinking among college students poses significant harm, with over 500,000 unintentional injuries and 600,000 assaults reported in 2001. The researchers propose strategies to reduce college drinking and associated harm, including increased enforcement of underage drinking laws and screening programs.
Researchers discover a significant circadian rhythm in heartbeat dynamics, but not in motor activity. They also find similar wakefulness periods across mammalian species, suggesting self-organized criticality in sleep patterns.
Eating seafood containing toxic substances like tetrodotoxin and ciguatera can cause severe neurological effects. Shellfish poisoning is a common type of food-borne illness affecting the USA with symptoms including numbness, slurred speech, and paralysis. Prevention is key to avoiding life-threatening poisoning.
Researchers created a genomic analysis tool to study critically ill patients, enabling physicians to predict treatment responses and develop new therapeutic strategies. The technology allows for the detection of significant gene activity differences between trauma patients and healthy individuals.
Scientists analyze Mars Express images to find evidence of ancient glaciers, including flow features and glacial moraines. The study suggests a significant climate change on Mars within the last million years, which could be caused by a shift in the polar axis.
The European Society of Cardiology has launched a new initiative called Women at Heart to improve the handling of women with cardiovascular disease. The initiative aims to highlight the growing burden and under-appreciation of women's heart disease, and promote better understanding and treatment among medical professionals.
Scientists at Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute use harmless bacteria to create billions of bacterial cells with identical human DNA strands, mapping the X chromosome. The hospital's recombinant DNA library has over 20 million DNA samples used in global research programs.
Researchers Elizabeth Blackburn and Janet Rowley have been awarded the Landon-AACR Prizes for Basic and Translational Cancer Research. Their work has led to a deeper understanding of telomeres, enzymes that play a role in cancer growth.
The American Chemical Society's national meeting showcased groundbreaking research on various topics, including an antioxidant mixture that may prevent skin cancer, genetically engineered bacteria for mass-producing antibiotics, and novel gene therapy vectors to combat chronic pain and brain cancer. Researchers also discovered a potent...
Research suggests that moderate red wine consumption (2-3 ounces per day) may have beneficial cardiovascular effects due to its high content of polyphenols. Polyphenols are also found in berries, green tea, and chocolate and can help prevent cell deterioration, plaque buildup, and blood clotting.
A large study found that untreated severe sleep breathing disorder, also known as obstructive sleep apnoea-hypopnoea, significantly increases the risk of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events in men. Effective treatment with CPAP reduces this risk. Simple snoring is not a significant cardiovascular risk factor.
A new study quantifies the committed climate change in the 21st century, predicting a half-degree Celsius global temperature rise and over 11 centimeters of sea level rise by 2100. The warming is driven by thermal inertia from oceans and existing greenhouse gases.
The introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine led to significant reductions in invasive pneumonia rates, with a 71% decrease in children aged 2-4 years and an 82% decrease in those under 2. The vaccine also showed herd immunity effects, reducing antibiotic resistance in adults who did not receive the vaccine.
A new commission aims to address health inequalities globally by focusing on the social determinants of health. The commission's findings highlight the need for governments to take action on poverty, education, and working conditions to improve health outcomes.
The World Health Organization is launching an independent Commission on Social Determinants of Health to review evidence and recommend policies to improve health globally. The commission aims to address the social factors that contribute to ill health, including poverty, education, housing, and economics.
Forecasts project Illinois water use to grow faster than population, with increased demand for energy production. The Midwest region will need almost 17 billion gallons of water per day by 2025, mostly for electricity generation.
A new diagnostic test is being developed to target a range of blood disorders by detecting a single point mutation in the JAK2 gene. The mutation was found in virtually all patients with polycythaemia vera, as well as half of those with essential thrombocythaemia and idiopathic myelofibrosis.
Researchers at Boston Children's Hospital found that high cholesterol levels accelerate prostate cancer growth by activating a cell-survival pathway. Cholesterol-lowering drugs like simvastatin may inhibit tumor growth by inhibiting this pathway.
Researchers have developed a polymer that acts as a decoy for beta amyloid proteins, attracting them away from brain cells and preventing their accumulation. This approach shows promise for slowing Alzheimer's disease progression and may lead to the development of new diagnostic tools.
A UF paleontologist's research sheds new light on horse evolution, showing that size, diet, and range depended on geography and climate. The study's findings contradict previous notions of a simple evolutionary story.
A study of 431 injection drug users found that medically supervised safer injection facilities reduced syringe sharing, particularly among younger users and those who binge-drug. The findings suggest that such facilities can play a role in reducing harms caused by injecting drug use.
Coral reef ecosystems in Hawaii and Florida are facing ecological degradation due to pollution, overfishing, disease, and climate change. Researchers recommend managing coral reefs as whole ecosystems, reducing terrestrial runoff and investing in infrastructure to prevent further decline.
Researchers at Yale University have discovered that the microRNA let-7 regulates the Ras cancer gene by binding to its mRNA and inhibiting translation. This finding has significant implications for understanding cancer progression and developing new treatments, including gene therapy with let-7.
Researchers at NJIT have created a method to modify carbon nanotubes quickly and inexpensively using microwaves. This breakthrough enables the production of functionalized nanotubes with tailored properties, opening up new possibilities for various applications.
A new study by Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health reveals that larger waist sizes and higher body fat are strongly associated with an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes in adult men. The researchers recommend measuring waist circumference instead of waist-to-hip ratio to assess health risk.
Researchers at ACS meeting highlight progress in nanotechnology for diagnostic tests, electronics and environment. New approaches to nomenclature and green chemistry are also explored.
Researchers at Northwell Health's Institute for Medical Research have identified a crucial gene in type 1 diabetes development, which triggers the immune system to attack and kill beta cells. Blocking this protein may halt the harmful process and allow remaining beta cells to produce insulin.
Researchers developed a new mouse model that mimics the effects of low-dose aspirin therapy, exploring its impact on blood clotting and reproductive functions. The study suggests that low-dose aspirin treatment may prevent preeclampsia without compromising reproductive function.
A recent study published in Journal of Nursing Scholarship found that low-income single mothers experience high levels of depressive symptoms. The study suggests that nursing intervention can help reduce these symptoms and mitigate the impact on their ability to parent and engage in education and employment.
A new mouse model mimics the effects of low-dose aspirin therapy, reducing platelet aggregation and inhibiting thrombosis. The study suggests that low-dose aspirin treatment may prevent preeclampsia without compromising reproductive function.
A large-scale study identified a genetic basis for certain behaviors, including alcohol consumption, suggesting that genetic make-up may influence drinking habits. The research focused on the dopamine D2 receptor gene (DRD2) and found a strong association between this gene variant and alcohol consumption.
A patient with a drug-resistant form of HIV was identified, exhibiting rapid progression to AIDS. The case highlights the need for intensified prevention efforts, particularly among high-risk groups such as men who have sex with men and intravenous drug users.
Researchers found that the MIF gene is crucial for the development of type 1 diabetes. Specially bred mice without the gene failed to develop diabetes compared to those with it. The finding provides proof of concept for blocking the formation of this protein as a promising approach to fighting diabetes.
A recent study by Yale University researchers found that virginity pledges do not reduce STD risk, but rather may encourage higher risk sexual behavior among young adults. Pledgers were less likely to use condoms at first sex and less likely to seek health care for STD infections.
Yale researchers question the feasibility of regionalized heart attack care in the US, citing differences in healthcare systems and clinical accuracy. They estimate that transferring over 500,000 patients could be necessary for access to interventional treatments.
Researchers at UW-Madison develop a system using living microbes as templates for fabricating nanoscale structures. The ability to capture and analyze individual microbes could lead to new ways of assembling nanodevices and detecting biological threats.
Researchers at PNNL have developed a new technique to control the deposition of anchor molecules on carbon nanotubes using supercritical fluids, enabling precise control over the level of coating and thickness. This innovation improves the material's utility without compromising its physical properties.
The MicroJet injector uses an electronic actuator to propel vaccinations or drugs through the skin without a needle, reducing pain and increasing control over the delivery process. The device's tunable electronic circuit allows for customization to individual patient needs, addressing issues with variability in current jet injectors.
A new study found that Scotland and Wales have adopted a more traditional social democratic approach to public service delivery, prioritizing non-selectivity and professionalism. This has resulted in differences in areas such as healthcare, education, and rural policies, with Scotland taking a more proactive role in areas like agricult...
Collagen VII protein fragment essential for skin cancer cells to break free and spread, Stanford researchers discover. This breakthrough offers hope for pre-emptive treatment of skin cancers in high-risk patients.
A new study in Gabon reveals that poverty alleviation efforts may inadvertently increase bushmeat consumption and threaten local wildlife populations. The research found that growth in poor families' income led to increased consumption of bushmeat, highlighting the need for holistic strategies that balance conservation with development.
Researchers at UCLA's new $20 million Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Medicine are exploring various approaches to combat HIV, cancer and neurological disorders. The institution aims to harness the power of embryonic and adult stem cells to develop revolutionary new treatments.
Researchers discovered that vampire bats can run, unlike most bat species, and power their gait with their forelimbs. This unique ability may have evolved independently to aid in feeding behavior, allowing them to avoid predators and catch prey while sleeping.
Researchers found that Papuan women blend elements from their ancestral customs and the Catholic faith to form their own group identity. Initiation rituals are part of life experiences, embedded in social and religious context.
Conventional poultry producers like Tyson and Perdue have higher rates of fluoroquinolone-resistant Campylobacter contamination than completely antibiotic-free brands like Eberly and Bell & Evans. The study's findings suggest a long-term threat to public health from using antibiotics in poultry production.
Virginia Tech researchers have made a breakthrough in using supercritical fluid chromatography to separate polar and ionic compounds, paving the way for green-chemistry techniques in drug development. The discovery uses carbon dioxide-based fluids with added polar solvents containing ionic components.
The prevalence of child obesity will continue to rise, affecting ever-younger age groups and minority groups hardest. The long-term consequences of childhood obesity have yet to be seen, with potential devastating effects on public health.
Researchers have discovered that the loss of sulphur atoms from hydroprocessing catalysts is a key cause of their deactivation. This process can lead to a decrease in the catalyst's ability to convert sulphur compounds into clean fuels.
Scientists have made a serendipitous discovery that lobster larvae are settling on open water fish cages in Puerto Rico by the thousands. This finding has led to a new program aimed at making large-scale spiny lobster culture commercially feasible, which could address limited availability and high value of the species.
The University of Liverpool will establish a national research network to develop medicines for children, including treatments for diseases like meningitis and asthma. The £20M grant will support clinical research, good clinical practice, and quality in trials.
The X-chromosome is characterized with well-developed disease genes, making it an all-star of chromosome studies. Researchers have shown that the Y chromosome 'dropped off the face of the earth,' containing few important genes, but crucial for sex determination.
Researchers estimate that up to 35.5 million people in the northern Caribbean are at risk due to tsunamis triggered by movement along the North American and Caribbean plate boundary. The region has experienced several devastating tsunamis in the past, including those in 1692, 1780, and 1946.