Rugby players from the UK and Ireland reported stressors such as injury, mental errors, and physical mistakes as a major concern. They found effective coping strategies like increased concentration, blocking negative thoughts, and positive self-talk to manage these stressors.
Stevens Institute of Technology has been awarded the US Commerce Department's Export Achievement Certificate for successfully entering the international marketplace through its USAID Grant. The grant provided scholarships to Bulgarian IT professionals pursuing a Master's degree in Sofia, Bulgaria.
A team of researchers used a sophisticated laser system to gain evidence that neuromelanin, a dark brown pigment accumulating in brains, consists of layers of two other pigments: eumelanin and pheomelanin. This structural arrangement may play a critical role in the neurodegenerative cascade behind Parkinson's disease.
A study found that directly observed therapy and physician experience positively influenced TB patient survival in Toronto over three years. Physician training and experience also played a significant role in managing TB cases effectively.
Researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and University of Oxford have achieved a record-breaking acceleration of electron beams to 1 billion electron volts in 3.3 centimeters using laser wakefield acceleration. This breakthrough opens the door to compact high-energy experiments and superbright free-electron lasers.
Research found a strong link between AA membership and decreased homicide rates in Ontario, with men consuming more beer and spirits showing the greatest benefit. The study suggests that participating in AA can exert beneficial effects on alcohol-related violence at a population level.
Ecosystem services from boreal forests, including carbon capture and water filtration, are estimated to be worth $160 per hectare, totaling $93 billion/year in Canada. Globally, the value is around $250 billion per year. A natural capital accounting system is recommended to reflect these values.
Research found that alcohol-dependent individuals with comorbid personality disorders, particularly antisocial and borderline PDs, exhibit impaired decision-making abilities. This study highlights the importance of neurocognitive mechanisms in understanding alcohol-use disorders.
A new study found that parents are largely unaware of their children's alcohol and drug use, with significant discrepancies in reports. The study analyzed data from 591 adolescent-parent pairs and found that parent reports added little information to the knowledge of adolescent substance use beyond what adolescents themselves reported.
Chronic binge drinking in rhesus macaques accelerated SIV disease progression, increasing time to AIDS and viral loads. The study suggests that early treatment is crucial for reducing alcohol use and extending life among HIV-infected individuals.
A study published in Critical Care reveals that diabetes triples the risk of developing critical illness and dying young compared to non-diabetic individuals. Obesity without diabetes does not significantly increase the risk of critical illness or mortality.
Researchers from Indiana University and Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research found evidence of dramatic climate changes during the Mesozoic Era, with temperature variations ranging from 30 deg C to 36 deg C. The discovery suggests that global fluctuations in carbon cycling played a significant role in shaping ancient climates.
Europe outperforms the US in formal technology transfer from public research, with more licenses executed and start-ups established. However, open science measures reveal Europe's actual performance is more nuanced.
In response to a parasitic attack, male crickets on the Hawaiian Island of Kauai developed silent wings, allowing them to mate with females despite the loss of their sexual signal. The new behavior enabled males to capitalize on the few remaining callers and escape the deadly fly, ensuring evolutionary success.
A new research program aims to teach computers to scan through text and sort opinion from fact, with the goal of improving national security. The project uses machine-learning algorithms to train computers on examples of text expressing both fact and opinion, enabling them to distinguish between the two.
Researchers have created a device that approaches the quantum mechanical limit at the largest length-scale, demonstrating back action and cooling an object by watching it. The results could have applications in quantum computing and cooling engineering.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital have identified 17 families of mice with genetic mutations that cause hearing loss, similar to damage caused by chemotherapy and age-related hearing loss in adults. The mouse models will help scientists understand the genes responsible for this damage and potentially develop treatments.
Renowned scientist Roger D. Kornberg will deliver a lecture on chromatin and transcription at Science2006, exploring breakthroughs in gene regulation and protein synthesis. The event, which showcases the University of Pittsburgh's academic strengths in science and medicine, is free and open to the public.
The economic cost of HIV/AIDS in the US is estimated to be $36.4 billion annually, with minorities facing higher indirect costs due to lost productivity. The study suggests that universal access to antiretroviral therapy could reduce costs and improve outcomes.
Astronomers discover over 500 young galaxies, thriving less than a thousand million years after the Big Bang. The galaxies are smaller and bluer than today's giant galaxies, indicating intense star birth.
A new research by University of Calgary paleontologist Nick Longrich challenges the traditional idea that birds began flying by taking off from the ground. Instead, it suggests that the earliest known ancestor of modern-day birds took to the skies using primitive feathered wings on their arms and legs.
A recent study published in Mayo Clinic Proceedings found that all types of intravascular devices pose a significant risk of bloodstream infections to hospitalized adult patients. The study's findings suggest that IVDs have become the leading cause of bloodstream infections in healthcare settings worldwide.
A patented technology developed by HydroGlobe at Stevens Institute of Technology has won the Thomas Alva Edison Patent Award. The Metsorb TM system is a highly effective and low-cost method for removing arsenic and various heavy metals from ground and surface water.
A study published in Annals of Surgery found that duodenal switch surgery produced greater weight loss than gastric bypass in super-obese patients, resulting in higher success rates at one and three years post-surgery. The procedure also had fewer complications and improved nutritional outcomes.
A study by University of Rochester researchers found that young age, extensive surgery, and severe post-operative pain are risk factors for developing chronic pain after breast cancer surgery. The study suggests that counseling and analgesic drugs immediately after surgery may help prevent long-term problems.
A study by Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health found that household levels of mold and bacterial endotoxins in post-Katrina homes were comparable to those in wastewater treatment plants and agricultural environments. The researchers strongly recommend wearing respirators for cleaning and repairing flood-damaged homes.
A study conducted by the University of Maryland Medical Center found acute diverticulitis affecting younger patients, often those who are obese. The condition, typically associated with older adults, is linked to a low-fiber diet and increased abdominal pressure, leading to inflammation and potential complications.
Using multiphoton fluorescence microscopy, researchers have watched chromosomes change their form to activate genes in living fruit fly cells. This discovery could significantly advance our understanding of the basic processes underlying gene expression.
Up to 20% of patients with heart disease meet criteria for major depression, highlighting the need for standardized diagnosis and treatment. The NHLBI Working Group calls for more research on the link between depression and cardiovascular health.
Progress has been made in reducing polio cases, but four countries remain endemic and the disease has re-emerged in others. Sustained education efforts on vaccination benefits are key to eradicating polio.
A Phase III efficacy study led by Dr. Peter Hillmen found eculizumab significantly improves anaemia and quality of life in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH). The treatment also reduces intravascular hemolysis, fatigue, pain, and shortness of breath.
Scientists have named a new species of ancient marine reptile, Maiaspondylus lindoei, and discovered pregnant embryos in its fossil, marking the most recent record of a live birth in an ichthyosaur. The findings provide valuable insights into the evolution and extinction of these aquatic animals.
A 3-year-old Australopithecus afarensis girl, discovered in Ethiopia, provides a unique window into human infancy. The fossil offers clues about skull morphology, brain growth, locomotion, and height, shedding light on early human evolution.
Researchers will develop new methods to evaluate and test tobacco products, providing information to smokers for informed choices. The study aims to determine if these 'safer' alternatives truly reduce health risks and exposure to carcinogens.
Researchers have identified calcineurin as essential for complete lung development, and its absence led to respiratory problems in mice. A new model of human placental development also sheds light on the complex process of placentation, while a study on thyroid structures reveals that mature T cells trigger their formation.
The Starr Cancer Consortium aims to coordinate research efforts among five renowned institutions to understand and treat cancer. The collaboration will focus on developing new technologies, diagnostic approaches, and treatments for various forms of the disease.
Researchers found that pollutants from forest fires in Alaska and Canada significantly increased ozone pollution levels above Houston on July 19-20, 2004. The study highlighted the critical role of imported sources in local air quality, emphasizing the need for improved air quality forecasting and solutions.
A study found that wild bees improve honeybee effectiveness in pollinating flowers and generating seeds, especially on farms with abundant natural habitats. This phenomenon contributes significantly to the sunflower industry, adding around $10 million in value annually.
Scientists tracked air pollution from Alaskan-Canadian forest fires to Houston, finding a 50-100% increase in ozone levels within five kilometers of the city. This event highlights the impact of long-distance pollutants on local air quality and emphasizes the need for improved forecasting.
Schistosomiasis, a widespread parasitic disease, can be controlled through wide-scale drug treatment and socio-economic progress. Establishing strong health systems is crucial for integrating sustainable control measures and caring for patients.
A new study found that black patients with bladder cancer are 35 percent more likely to die of the disease than white patients. Black women in particular had more aggressive tumors and lower survival rates compared to white men and women and black men.
Direct observations of DNA are giving new insights into genetic material copying and repair processes, revealing how enzymes like RecA assemble into filaments. The findings have implications for understanding breast cancer risk and future studies on single enzymes at work unwinding DNA strands.
Researchers at University of Bristol have made a major breakthrough in measuring energy levels inside living heart cells, real-time. This could lead to better understanding of heart disease and improved recovery of the heart during cardiac surgery or after a heart attack.
Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin and the University of Bath discovered that Accutane, a common acne treatment, can induce depression-like behavior in mice. The study found that mice treated with the drug spent more time motionless and exhibited reduced escape-related behavior compared to untreated animals.
The research team will investigate how design teams organize themselves and interact in open source projects, with a focus on the Apache Web server, PostgreSQL database, and Python scripting language. They aim to understand the impact of team structure on software quality and development speed.
The Center for Innovation in Engineering and Science Education (CIESE) at Stevens Institute of Technology has been awarded a three-year, $1.2 million National Science Foundation ITEST grant. The BUILD IT program will introduce engineering design and problem solving skills to students through LEGO robotics and programming in an underwat...
Climate scientists have detected human-induced climate change at a regional scale in Canada, southern Europe and China. The study uses four climate models to simulate climates over time periods, reproducing observed temperature changes that can't be explained by natural variability alone.
Researchers identified a new gene, SUMO1, as a potential cause of cleft lip and palate when underexpressed. The discovery links individual genes to shared protein networks, providing a promising new lead in understanding the complex genetic mechanisms behind this birth defect.
Top US high school students will partner with peers from Korea, China, and India to find real-world engineering solutions to combat climate change. Winners will receive college scholarships and other awards.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology have developed a new technique for creating vertical alignment among liquid crystal molecules, eliminating the need for manual rubbing and potentially increasing device yield. The technique uses in-situ photopolymerization to create a cellular matrix of liquid crystalline droplets with con...
The 2006 Science and Engineering Visualization Challenge has awarded prizes to 22 winning entries across five categories, showcasing innovative approaches to visualize complex scientific concepts. The winning images and multimedia presentations will be featured in the September 22, 2006 issue of Science.
In a study published in JCI Journals, researchers found that calcineurin is essential for complete lung development in mice. Mice lacking calcineurin function died shortly after birth due to lung failure.
A study led by USC researchers found that low-income adults are more likely to have high levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), a risk factor for heart disease. This association may be linked to the effects of poverty on health, particularly among African Americans, Hispanics, and women.
Researchers found that tailored dietary advice delivered through an internet shopping system led to participants buying foods lower in saturated fat. This study demonstrates the potential of low-cost technologies to motivate users to change their behavior.
A NASA-funded study using satellite data, computer models and weather balloon readings found that smoke from Alaskan and Canadian forest fires increased ozone pollution levels in Houston by 50-100%.
Marc Levine, a renowned expert in gastrointestinal radiology, has received the Eminent Scientist of the Year award from the International Research Promotion Council. He is recognized for his clinical expertise and research excellence in the field.
Ocean scientists have made a groundbreaking discovery that microbes in deeply buried sediments produce energy-laden gases, including ethane and propane. This finding challenges traditional theories on the origin of these gases, which are typically associated with fossil fuel generation.
Researchers at EPFL discovered a new metabolic pathway that helps cells survive bacterial pore-forming toxins. The pathway triggers an inflammatory response and lipid metabolism to repair the cell membrane and protect against further damage.
The Federation of American Scientists has developed a new educational video game called Immune Attack, which engages students in learning about immunology concepts. The game features a first-person strategy game where immune cells face off against bacterial and viral infections, aiming to make learning fun and exciting.
A team of Monash University scientists has identified two proteins, Smad3 and c-Myc, involved in stopping telomerase production. This discovery could lead to the development of anti-cancer agents that mimic these proteins.