Researchers at Johns Hopkins have discovered that a brain protein called Arc controls how brain cells learn and associate behaviors, leading to improved long-term memory. The study also sheds light on the mechanisms behind certain addictive behaviors, such as drug addiction.
Researchers at Emory University's Winship Cancer Institute have identified a novel biomarker called 'soluble attractin' that is elevated in patients with malignant astrocytomas. This protein plays a key role in the migration and recurrence of brain tumors, making it a promising target for future therapeutic intervention.
Researchers analyzed human remains from grave sites and found high ratios of female-to-male remains at certain sites, suggesting the practice of raiding women was common. Many female remains showed signs of abuse, providing insight into the impact of warfare on local communities.
A study found that only 14 of 15 hospitals provided inadequate discharge information, with most instruction sheets written at a high reading level. The researchers propose an evidence-based emergency department discharge form to improve patient safety and reduce the risk of brain hemorrhage or swelling.
Researchers developed carbon nanotube films that can stimulate nerve cells without damage, enabling potential use in pain management and muscle control. The technology bridges the gap between biology and electronics, offering new possibilities for biomedical devices.
Researchers use digital signal processing methods to eliminate echoes and scatter, enabling high-speed data transfer through the atmosphere. The approach provides fiber optic quality signals for improved air-to-air and ground-to-air communication links.
The study reveals substantial global health inequalities influenced by geography, with countries like sub-Saharan Africa and Afghanistan facing higher child mortality rates. The authors found a four-fold difference in poverty levels and less investment in human resources between these countries and their low-mortality counterparts.
Researchers at Yale University found that Ang2 protein levels are higher in patients with acute lung injury and pulmonary edema. The study suggests that modulating Ang2 levels may help control acute lung injury, offering new potential therapeutic targets.
Researchers are urging more study on non-pharmaceutical interventions such as social distancing and hand washing during annual flu season. The lack of comprehensive data on community epidemiologic data hinders the design of effective interventions, making it crucial to prepare for potential pandemic flu.
Researchers found that combining imantanib with apoptosis-inducing drugs inhibits tumor growth more effectively than either therapy alone. The combination increased sensitivity to TRAIL, a drug that induces cell death, leading to reduced pulmonary metastases and primary tumor growth.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati found that firefighters are twice as likely to develop testicular cancer and have higher rates of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and prostate cancer. The study analyzed data from 110,000 firefighters and confirmed previous findings on multiple myeloma risk.
Researchers have found that a new anti-cancer drug, BB-10901, is well-tolerated at higher doses than previously used, with patients responding to treatment and experiencing durable complete responses. The drug targets cancer cells expressing CD56, leading to clinical activity and stable disease in some patients.
Researchers at the Max Planck Institute developed a technology to identify and quantify specific protein phosphorylation sites in response to stimuli. They discovered 6,600 phosphorylation sites in 2,244 proteins, with 90% being unknown, and created the Phosida database to share their findings.
The ESSP launched a new research initiative to identify and quantify health risks posed by global environmental change, aiming to develop cost-effective adaptation strategies. Climate and land-use changes pose significant health threats, including malaria, malnutrition, skin cancer, and immune system depression.
Ghrelin, a stomach hormone, induces food intake by signaling in the brain's reward circuitry, controlling craving behavior. Blocking ghrelin may suppress feeding and seeking out food or energy.
Researchers at Wake Forest University School of Medicine have identified micro-ribonucleic acids (micro-RNAs) as potential biomarkers for lupus. The study found significant differences in micro-RNA expression between lupus patients and healthy controls, with certain micro-RNAs linked to histone deacetylases and the development of lupus.
Scientists have developed a protoxin that targets and kills prostate cancer cells using the protein PSA made by prostate cancer. The therapy shows promise in treating locally recurrent or advanced prostate cancer, with potential to reduce enlarged prostate size. A phase I clinical trial is currently underway.
A study by Yale researchers found that extensively drug resistant TB is prevalent among HIV co-infected patients in South Africa, with high mortality rates reported. The study suggests urgent intervention is necessary to address this global health issue, which threatens the success of TB and HIV treatment programs.
Researchers found that Mexican immigrants in the Chicagoland area possess a wealth of artistic and networking assets contributing to economic activity and community cohesion. Their participation in cultural activities stimulates economic growth, particularly in the music industry and service sector.
Two candidate vaccines have shown promise in a recent study, demonstrating an immune response in healthy adults and inducing positive CD4 T cell responses. The combination of DNA priming and rAd5 boosting may lead to higher levels of T cell responses and improved vaccine efficacy.
Dr. Andrew Z. Fire's article in November MCP explores the development of an assay to observe protein interactions in vivo, confirming previously documented interactions and discovering new ones in C. elegans. The study also identifies key associations between RNA interference and nonsense mediated decay pathways.
A study by researchers at UVa found that the Alzheimer's gene (APOE4) protects children from severe diarrhea and its consequences. The gene helps them survive malnutrition, but may contribute to problems later in life.
Researchers at University of Rochester discovered that neural noise enhances brain's processing and enables decision-making in uncertain environments. The 'noise' is actually the brain's optimal format for running Bayesian computations, making it easier to compute complex answers.