The NSF has chosen Homestake as the site for a multipurpose deep underground science and engineering laboratory. The facility will host a comprehensive suite of experiments across various fields of science, including low background physics and particle physics.
A meta-analysis of 29 studies found that incretin-based therapy improves glycemia, particularly postprandial glycemia, and has a favorable or neutral effect on weight. However, glucagon-like peptide 1 analogues are associated with gastrointestinal adverse effects, while DPP4 inhibitors have an increased risk of infection.
Preliminary research suggests that hydroxychloroquine reduces the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The study found a 38% lower risk among those taking hydroxychloroquine, which increased to 77% for longer-term users.
A study by University of Missouri-Columbia researchers reveals a shift in the communication discipline towards more women authors and collaborative research. The study found that articles by female authors outnumbered those by men around 2000 and that single-authored articles have decreased significantly since the 1960s.
A study found a significant association between the Western-style 'meat-sweet' diet and an increased risk of breast cancer among postmenopausal Chinese women, particularly those with estrogen receptor-positive tumors. The research suggests that low consumption of this dietary pattern may protect against breast cancer.
A new model of early evolution directly connects population fitness to protein properties, resolving a key molecular evolution mystery. The study finds that survival depends on the stability of the least stable proteins, leading to an uneven distribution of fold and gene family sizes.
A combination of calcium and vitamin D found in milk may offer protection against type 2 diabetes, with a 15% lower risk among individuals consuming the most dairy. Additionally, magnesium intake from milk products may also reduce type 2 diabetes risk by 15%.
A new study found that measuring retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) levels in blood can indicate the amount of visceral fat surrounding abdominal organs. Elevated RBP4 concentrations are linked to insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and heart disease risk.
Researchers discovered a genetically engineered herpes simplex virus reduces smooth muscle cell proliferation and restores endothelial layer in arteries following angioplasty. This study provides an important step towards treating vascular disease with genetically engineered viruses.
Researchers found that prenatal cocaine exposure in zebrafish altered neuronal development and acutely dysregulated the expression of circadian genes, including melatonin. Circadian factors may provide new therapeutic strategies to counteract developmental effects of prenatal cocaine exposure.
Researchers found that 90% of monitored newscasts included at least one instance of stealth advertising, with an average of 2.5 individual slots per newscast. The study aimed to gauge the extent of material with commercializing effects on newscasts and viewers.
A new study found that patients treated with HCQ were less likely to develop diabetes, and those who did were more likely to manage their disease without medications. The medication may also be suitable for people at high risk of developing diabetes as a preventive therapy.
A Yale University study published in Archives of Internal Medicine found that top-ranked hospitals may not necessarily provide better care for heart attack patients. The research compared death rates among patients treated at both ranked and non-ranked hospitals, revealing a surprising disparity between the two groups.
Postmenopausal Asian women who consume a meat-sweet Western diet are at higher risk of developing breast cancer compared to those on a vegetable-soy diet, according to the study. The researchers found that high intake of the meat-sweet pattern increased estrogen-receptor-positive breast cancer among overweight postmenopausal women.
Researchers suggest golf course habitats can be improved by creating diverse pond types that mimic natural wetlands, reducing chemical runoff and insect predators. Drying ponds in the fall also benefits amphibians by eliminating bullfrog tadpoles that outcompete other species.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have developed two systems that use web images to enhance edited photos. Photo Clip Art uses labeled images from LabelMe as clip art, while Scene Completion draws upon millions of photos from Flickr to fill in holes. These systems enable users to achieve realistic results with minimal skills.
The FDA review found no strong association between eating tomatoes and decreased cancer risk, but some limited evidence for associations with prostate, ovarian, gastric, and pancreatic cancers. The agency allowed qualified health claims for these four cancers, citing very limited and preliminary scientific research.
A new study has identified a key genetic function involved in wing formation in fruit flies, providing insight into the internal laws regulating embryo development. The research uses mathematical modeling to simulate biological systems and confirms the stability of this gene network across evolution.
A study by Elizabeth J. Susman found that kids who prefer evenings are more likely to exhibit antisocial behavior, rule-breaking, and attention problems. Earlier puberty is linked to more antisocial behavior in boys and relational aggression in girls.
The study found that vaginal bacterial communities differ greatly among women, with at least eight distinct types, each unique to a specific racial group. Understanding these differences is crucial for developing effective treatments and preventing infections, including those caused by HIV.
Gro Amdam, an assistant professor at Arizona State University, has been awarded the "Outstanding Young Investigator" award from the Research Council of Norway for $1.6 million over four years to support her research on honeybees.
A new Illinois-based study has found that Miscanthus is more productive than switchgrass in terms of biomass production, with Miscanthus gaining 33% more carbon and having a greater leaf area. This research has implications for the development of sustainable bioenergy crops.
Three QUT researchers, including Dr Joanne Voisey, have received Smart State Fellowships to develop a genetic test for schizophrenia diagnosis and a polymer bandage for treating burn-related scars. Dr Martens will work on purifying water using nano-technology.
Researchers found that simple, low-literacy interventions increased discussions about prostate cancer and led to more men receiving screening tests. These findings suggest that empowering patients through patient interventions can effectively promote discussion of prostate cancer.
The study found that 75 percent of US adults will be overweight by 2015, with minority groups and those from lower socioeconomic backgrounds facing the greatest disparities. The research highlights the need for targeted interventions to address the growing obesity crisis in the United States.
Researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute have identified a gene and protein known as PRDM16 that controls the production of brown fat, a type of adipose tissue that generates heat and counters obesity. The study suggests that turning up this switch in humans could be a new strategy for treating overweight and obesity.
The March of Dimes reports that nearly 90% of US babies are screened for life-threatening disorders, up from 38% in 2005. However, 500,000 babies remain uninsured, highlighting the need for federal guidelines and increased funding to support states' newborn screening programs.
Researchers successfully formed a single chemical bond on a single molecule, then broke it without disturbing adjacent atoms. They created a molecular-sized electronic switch with reversibility achieved.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University and Harvard University found that perceived neediness, rather than race, drives charitable giving to Hurricane Katrina victims. Within subgroups of whites, racial bias affects giving to blacks, while non-identifying whites give more to blacks.
A new study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association found that daily antibiotics do not prevent future urinary tract infections and may actually increase the risk of resistant bacteria. The study analyzed data from over 74,000 children with at least two clinic visits between 2001 and 2006.
Researchers found that transplanted stem cells triggered the brain's self-repair mechanisms by boosting nerve survival and blood vessel development. The study suggests that stem cells may be more effective at repairing damaged brain tissue than previously thought.
A new study found that cane sugar and high fructose corn syrup have similar effects on appetite and food intake in beverages. Researchers compared four caloric beverages and found no differences in how they affected hunger and calorie consumption.
Researchers discovered that plant growth is controlled by both internal clock and environmental light, with genes PIF 4 and PIF 5 playing a key role. The study found that plants grow more during the late afternoon when grown in constant light, but shift to dawn just before natural light/dark cycle.
Researchers identified risk factors for hallucinations, sleepiness and swelling in people with early Parkinson's disease, including being male, having multiple health problems and taking certain medications. The study found nearly half of participants developed swelling within four years of treatment.
The study reveals that flowers' anthers play a crucial role in facilitating pollen collection by bees. The researchers found that the size, shape, placement, and timing of anthers can be controlled by genetic networks and non-coding sequences.
A study by Johns Hopkins researchers found that neutral genetic drift contributed significantly to the human genome, with mitochondrial DNA elements accumulating and spreading across populations. The study suggests these neutral elements had little impact on human health and fitness.
Researchers at Duke University have developed a new method for creating ultra-high resolution 3D images of tiny mouse brains using magnetic resonance imaging. The technology allows for the detailed visualization of brain structures and their relationship to genetics, enabling scientists to study gene-brain connections.
MIT and BU researchers develop modular system to design phages targeting specific bacterial biofilms, achieving high success rates. The technology has potential applications in treating infections and cleaning products.
Dr. John McConnell receives the 2007 Eugene Fuller Triennial Prostate Award for his innovative research studies on prostate enlargement and leadership in developing a multidisciplinary program at UT Southwestern. His research findings include combining alpha-blocking drugs to effectively treat benign prostatic hyperplasia.
A Norwegian regulation requiring doctors to prescribe thiazides as first-line treatment for hypertension has led to substantial savings in drug costs. The study found that the proportion of patients prescribed thiazides increased from one in ten to one in four, and blood pressure goals were met by a slightly higher percentage.
A recent study published in the International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition found that a low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet with sucrose achieved significant weight loss and improved health outcomes for overweight women. The study suggests that excluding sucrose from a diet may not be necessary to achieve weight reduction.
Research at Thomas Jefferson University shows that African American women with breast cancer tend to have more advanced disease and poorer outcomes. The study found that these tumors are more often estrogen-receptor negative and express growth-promoting genes, leading to aggressive and invasive disease.
Researchers at the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center have developed a gene therapy that selectively targets and eliminates pancreatic cancer cells, inhibiting metastasis and prolonging survival with minimal toxicity. The therapy, called VISA-BikDD, has shown significant promise in preclinical trials, with treated mice su...
A new study by Ohio State University researchers links high ERG gene activity to a more lethal subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Patients with high ERG expression are almost six times more likely to relapse or die within five years, highlighting the need for more intense therapy.
A new vaginal microbicide, VivaGel, is being tested in a clinical safety trial among sexually active young women to determine its safety and acceptability. The study aims to assess the product's effectiveness in preventing HIV transmission and gather information on user experience.
Eating uncooked fish dishes is associated with an increased risk of developing cholangiocarcinoma, a type of liver cancer caused by the SE Asian liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini. In Thailand alone, 6 million people are thought to be infected with the parasite.
Researchers found that incorporating cosmetic principles into thyroid surgery can lead to better aesthetic results. The study analyzed 248 patients who underwent varying approaches to thyroid surgery, including minimally invasive and endoscopic methods.
A global assessment reveals that poor management in tropical parks is often driven by corruption and poverty, leading to ineffective fire prevention. The study used satellite data to measure park effectiveness across countries, finding that some parks succeeded where others failed to prevent fires.
A recent study found that hyperintense lesions in older patients may indicate more severe brain damage, associated with conditions like dementia and memory problems. The study's lead author suggests that these lesions could be a sign of widespread disease in the brain.
A new study found that electronic health records made no difference in 14 measures of quality care, while improving only two areas. The researcher emphasizes that electronic systems can provide valuable tools for physicians, but it's not enough to improve quality on their own.
Pawel Walewski, a health editor with Poland's biggest selling weekly magazine Polityka, has been awarded the European School of Oncology's Best Cancer Reporter Award for 2007. The award recognizes his outstanding cancer reporting and aims to promote better quality media coverage of cancer.
A CU-Boulder study of 61 US metropolitan areas found varying levels of environmental racism, defying simple explanation. The study contradicts hypotheses that residential segregation or income inequality drive environmental racial inequality.
A study of 382 healthy children revealed that over half had low blood levels of vitamin D, with 55% having inadequate levels. Vitamin D deficiency may contribute to bone diseases like rickets and other health issues.
A recent study reveals that depression is common in early Parkinson's disease diagnosis, with 27% of subjects screening positive for depression. Untreated depression can significantly impact daily life activities and overall quality of life.
Scientists identified two abrupt climate changes 9,000 and 8,000 years ago, with temperature drops averaging 1.6 degrees, which could inform global climate models
Individuals aged 49 and older with cataract or age-related macular degeneration have higher mortality rates compared to those without visual impairments. Regular vision assessment may lead to early detection and treatment to reduce the impact of visual impairment.
A study of Alabama nursing home residents found that over half were visually impaired but had no record of recent eye examinations. The high rates of visual impairment among nursing home residents may be attributed to various factors, including limited accessibility and a shortage of eye care professionals.
According to a study published in Archives of Internal Medicine, individuals admitted for heart attack to top-ranked hospitals are less likely to die within 30 days compared to those admitted to non-ranked hospitals. However, the study found that many unranked hospitals also had lower-than-expected death rates.
Researchers have identified two separate brain networks affected by Parkinson's disease, one regulating movement and the other cognitive function. The study found that standard treatments alter the motor network but not the cognitive network, highlighting the need for new treatments to target cognition.
A new USC study finds that Hispanics born in the US are more likely to suffer from conditions like diabetes and high blood pressure compared to those who emigrate from Mexico. This contradicts the long-held 'Hispanic Paradox,' which suggested Hispanics in the US were healthier than whites despite being poorer and less educated.