Researchers at Yale University have discovered how Campylobacter jejuni enters intestinal cells and avoids destruction. The bacteria creates its own intracellular network of vacuoles, diverting from the conventional endocytic pathway.
Researchers have discovered a potential new treatment for breast cancer by inhibiting the protease enzyme TACE, which is strongly present in aggressive forms of the disease. Inhibition of TACE blocks shedding of growth factor proteins, resulting in inhibition of cell division and reversion of malignant characteristics.
A study by Harvard researchers found that households with guns are more likely to be involved in homicides, particularly among children and women. States with higher levels of gun ownership have significantly higher homicide victimization rates, driven mainly by gun-related homicides.
A new study has identified a set of biomarkers using proteomics that could help diagnose myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and reduce the need for bone marrow biopsies. The findings, reported in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, used serum proteomic profiling to distinguish between MDS patients and healthy controls.
Researchers have identified a new group of algae, Picobiliphytes, found in the smallest members of photosynthetic plankton. The discovery was made using molecular techniques and has revealed a wide distribution of these previously unknown organisms.
Researchers discovered a new type of DNA parasite that can increase the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The 'stealth' plasmid produces a protein that helps it survive and thrive in bacteria, making it harder to eradicate with antibiotics.
A new study by Herman Suit and colleagues reveals great heterogeneity in radiation-associated cancer risk between species, strains, and organs. The researchers conclude that dose reductions to less than 2 Gy can lead to substantial gains in reducing secondary cancer risks.
The scientists' achievement provides new avenues for diagnosing and treating this sexually transmitted disease, affecting an estimated 170 million people worldwide. The genome contains genes and proteins not found in humans, which can help expand drug options and devise a diagnostic test.
This special issue of the Journal of Rehabilitation Research investigates innovative approaches to vision rehabilitation, including surgical excision of abnormal blood vessels and resurfacing with patient-derived retinal pigment epithelial cells. Teleretinal imaging is also explored as a tool for screening patients with diabetes for di...
WikiLeaks, an online service designed to allow anyone to post sensitive government documents without being traced, is set to launch. The site aims to protect whistle-blowers and journalists from jail sentences for emailing sensitive information; however, concerns remain about the misuse of its anonymity feature.
Researchers at Princeton University have found a specific genetic trigger that can deactivate the HIV virus, potentially leading to new treatments. The trigger, involving an enzyme called SirT1, can keep the virus in its dormant phase, reducing its ability to replicate.
Scientists analyzed rafflesia's genome to determine its closest relatives are in the Euphorbiaceae family, with blossoms just a few millimeters in diameter. The plant's massive increase in flower size over millions of years is one of the most significant among living organisms.
A new study reveals that modern humans first arrived in Europe around 45,000 years ago, with evidence of stone, bone and ivory tools found in Russia. The discovery includes a carved piece of mammoth ivory believed to be the oldest figurative art ever discovered.
Cells use a new signaling pathway to alter their adhesive properties, which could lead to a better understanding of tissue development and immune responses. This discovery may also provide new therapeutic targets for diseases such as cancer and inflammatory conditions.
A study found that middle-aged men with shorter telomeres were more likely to develop coronary heart disease. Statin treatment reduced the risk of heart disease in these individuals, suggesting a potential biomarker for personalized medicine.
A syphilis epidemic is sweeping China, driven by the re-emergence of sex work and changing sexual practices. The country's national surveillance system has reported a significant increase in syphilis cases, with congenital syphilis rates rising by 71% between 1991 and 2005.
Researchers reevaluate human migration, proposing a new timeline for the spread of modern humans out of Africa. According to studies involving fossil analysis and genetic research, this migration likely took place between 40,000 and 60,000 years ago.
Researchers found that regulatory T cells (Treg) are impaired in the absence of WASp, leading to systemic autoimmune disease. However, a spontaneous revertant mutation in a patient's Treg cells improved their function, suggesting that a defect in Treg function contributes to the autoimmunity associated with WASp deficiency.
Researchers discover a mutant gene that affects the body's natural wake-up time, shedding light on the genetic basis of sleep in humans. The study provides new insights into the circadian clock's regulation and may lead to therapies for conditions like jet lag and shift work sleep disorder.
The discovery suggests that modern humans migrated out of Africa and occupied parts of eastern Europe as early as 45,000 years ago. The findings are based on the analysis of stone tools, beadwork, and other artifacts found at the Kostenki site in Russia.
Researchers found that WASP protein is crucial for regulatory T cells to regulate autoimmunity and prevent tissue damage. In humans, a population of T cells known as regulatory T cells (Treg) are impaired without WASp, leading to autoimmune disease.
Research suggests that whole school approaches are more effective in reducing bullying than traditional classroom methods. Bullying affects up to 10% of children, leading to physical, social, and emotional problems.
Scientists have uncovered the molecular structure of cartilage's collagen fibrils, a key factor in osteoarthritis. The discovery could lead to treatments that prevent fibril deterioration and ultimately alleviate joint pain.
A recent USGS study compared nine different formulations and confirmed that most still have toxic additives, but some de-icers may be safer for the environment than those used in the 1990s.
Researchers at Penn School of Medicine have shown a 51% reduction in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels in patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. The new therapy, which targets the microsomal triglyceride transfer protein, also decreased total cholesterol and triglyceride levels.
Researchers found DNA methylation in normal-appearing areas of the breast near tumors, suggesting a potential marker for early cancer detection. Abnormal methylation levels were also identified in three other genes, which may help estimate a woman's risk of cancer recurrence.
Research reveals that PMR1 enzyme forms temporary shelters in stressed cells to protect mRNA, allowing protein production to resume when stress ends. This protective mechanism may help cancer cells evade cancer therapies.
A newly identified wheat gene produces proteins that bind to the stomach lining of Hessian fly larvae, causing them to starve. The gene's role in creating resistance to Hessian flies was a surprise to researchers, who found that it triggers a localized defense response that reduces energy costs for the plant.
A study found that possessing power impairs an individual's ability to adjust to another person's perspective and interpret emotions. Researchers discovered that individuals with high power levels are more likely to prioritize their own viewpoints, leading to decreased empathy.
A new study suggests that delaying the use of nevirapine-containing antiretroviral therapy (ART) for at least six months after labor can improve treatment outcomes among HIV-infected women. The study found that women who started ART within six months of giving birth had a higher rate of treatment failure compared to those who delayed t...
A new study from Michigan Medicine finds significant variation in Medicare Part D prescription drug plan costs across states, even with lowest-cost plans. Seniors may face costs differing by thousands of dollars for the same medications, and within a state, the difference can be $10,000 or more.
The number of US high school students taking physics has increased to a record high, with more than 30% of seniors enrolling in physics classes. Physics bachelor's degree recipients are also on the rise, with a 31% increase since 2000 and a significantly higher likelihood of pursuing advanced degrees.
A national study by Duke University researchers found that people with psychiatric disabilities are less likely to receive monetary awards or job-related benefits in court cases. They also report feeling less treated fairly and receiving less respect during the legal process compared to those with physical disabilities.
A team from the University of Cambridge and the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory reported that minerals intended to entrap nuclear waste may break down within 1,400 years due to radiation. The study used NMR to show that plutonium incorporation into mineral zircon rapidly degrades its crystal structure.
A new study finds that UK and US Arab activists define themselves as members of multiple communities and express attachment to their countries of origin. They also value the rights and security offered by their adopted lands and advocate for mutual accommodation and respect between different groups.
A pivotal Phase III trial demonstrated Nexavar's efficacy and clinical benefit in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma. The study showed a median progression-free survival of 5.5 months for patients receiving Nexavar, compared to 2.8 months for those on placebo.
Anthony Rosenzweig and European coordinator Timothy Aitman will lead a five-year, $6 million Leducq Foundation grant to investigate the intersection of heart failure and metabolic disease. The team will focus on understanding common molecular mechanisms contributing to both conditions.
Researchers have identified a unique pattern of microRNAs in pancreatic tumor tissue, suggesting a new way to diagnose and treat the disease. The findings may lead to more effective early detection and treatment of pancreatic cancer.
Researchers discovered that neutrophils can form web-like structures called NETs outside cells, composed of nucleic acid and enzymes that catch bacteria and kill them. This process is equally effective as devouring bacteria, showcasing the neutrophil's role in defense even after death.
A new automated system installs raised pavement markers (RPMs) along lane stripes while in motion, reducing risk to workers and drivers. The system is less labor-intensive, faster, and safer than manual placement, using less fuel and causing less wear on equipment.
Researchers found that a common diabetes drug prevents memory and learning problems caused by whole-brain radiation treatments in animal studies. The study suggests the drug may improve the quality of life for cancer patients receiving radiation therapy.
Researchers found that starting HIV treatment at least six months after a single dose of nevirapine during labor improves response rates. Women who started treatment sooner had reduced effectiveness of ART, while those delayed had comparable outcomes to placebo group.
A study by the University of Bristol revealed that children's packed lunches are often lacking in essential nutrients like potassium and zinc. In contrast, school meals tend to provide higher intakes of protein, vitamins, and minerals, as well as lower sugar and saturated fat content.
Researchers found that the Pacific and Indian oceans receive twice as much nitrogen fixing as previously thought, indicating a more stable global picture of nitrogen fixation than initially assumed. This discovery suggests that major fluctuations in ocean nitrogen are unlikely and may be mitigated by climate change.
Astronomers have discovered a powerful outburst from the giant black hole at the Milky Way's center using NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory. The light echo revealed by the X-ray echo was about 1,000 times brighter and lasted well over 1,000 times longer than recent outbursts.
Research by Dr. Piers Steel reveals that perfectionism is not the root cause of procrastination, but rather a lack of confidence and expectancy. The study estimates that 15-20% of the population are procrastinators, with costs extending beyond poor work performance to financial and health implications. Steel's Temporal Motivational The...
Cambridge scientists have discovered that differences between embryonic cells appear earlier than previously thought, before the fourth cleavage of the embryo. The study suggests that manipulating epigenetic information in histone H3 can influence cell fate determination.
A University of Alberta study shows that beaver dams create suitable breeding habitats for frogs and toads, with approximately 5,000 species recorded at 54 beaver ponds. The beavers' presence enhances the development and growth rates of frog and toad larvae.
The International Association of National Public Health Institutes (IANPHI) will strengthen public health infrastructure globally, focusing on low-resource countries. The grant enables IANPHI to establish a peer-assistance model for developing national public health institutes.
Inadequate treatment of mental illness and addiction in the community contributes to rising incarceration rates. Effective therapy like mental health services and substance abuse programs can reduce recidivism. Physicians are urged to campaign for humane treatment alternatives.
Researchers used Hubble Space Telescope to reveal a large elliptical galaxy with hundreds of globular clusters at an unprecedented 1 billion light-year distance. The discovery provides insights into the age, origin, and evolution of these clusters.
Researchers at Bradley Hospital and Brown Medical School found that individuals with BDD who have weight concerns experience more overall areas of body image concern, poorer social functioning, and higher levels of comorbidity. Weight-related preoccupations in BDD sufferers are associated with even higher levels of distress and impairm...
New research suggests that taking prescribed medications like statins and beta-blockers following a heart attack is associated with longer survival. Adherence to these medications was found to be linked to improved mortality outcomes, with the strongest association observed for patients who took their medication as prescribed.
A study published in Nature Immunology reveals that lymph node cells instruct immune system cells to leave healthy tissue alone, protecting the small intestine from attack. This finding may lead to new forms of treatment for autoimmune diseases such as Type 1 diabetes and multiple sclerosis.
A team of astronomers has solved the long-standing mystery of Kepler's supernova remnant using Chandra's latest image, revealing it as a Type Ia supernova. The discovery sheds light on how stars can end catastrophically and expands our understanding of the universe.
A new study reveals that birds with larger brains relative to their body size have a lower mortality rate than those with smaller brains. The research supports the cognitive buffer hypothesis, which suggests that large brains enable animals to better cope with environmental challenges such as climate change and habitat destruction.
A study published in the European Heart Journal found that adding milk to black tea completely negates its ability to relax and expand blood vessels. The researchers suggest that tea drinkers consider omitting milk from their beverage some of the time.
A combination of bone marrow transplantation and gene therapy has greatly lengthened the lives of laboratory mice with Krabbé disease, a rapidly progressing neurodegenerative disorder also found in people. The dual therapy improved motor skills and increased lifespan by more than twice as long as untreated mice.
Scientists from IRB Barcelona have published a dynamic map of protein behavior, enabling the prediction of protein structures and interactions. The study, part of the MoDel project, aims to establish a 'fourth dimension' for protein structures, facilitating the design of new drugs and understanding of protein functions.
The study measures infrared light from three gas giant planets, detecting no temperature differences between their day and night sides. Temperatures appear to be uniform, around 925 degrees Celsius, due to strong winds that mix the atmosphere planetwide.