Effective communication is essential for good cancer care, according to a new report by the National Cancer Institute. The report highlights the need for patients to have access to clear information about their treatment options and outcomes, as well as the importance of patient-centered communication in managing uncertainty and anxiety.
Researchers investigate natural mitochondrial DNA variation's effect on human male fertility and sperm competitiveness. They found mitochondrial mutations to be a primary cause of low sperm count and poor mobility.
Researchers detected BlaKPC gene in Midwestern patients, indicating spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The gene's presence can impact treatment options and contain its spread through isolation.
Researchers developed an acoustic sensor that can detect small amounts of mesothelin, a biomarker associated with several cancers. The device uses electrodes and antibodies to identify changes in frequency caused by the presence of mesothelin.
A Mayo Clinic study of nearly 5,000 children with ADHD found that treatment with prescription stimulants was associated with improved long-term academic success. The study also showed that girls with untreated ADHD were equally vulnerable to poor school outcomes as boys and may be at risk for being undertreated.
A mathematical model predicts that daily PrEP pills could prevent 3.2 million new HIV infections in southern sub-Saharan Africa in 10 years. The strategy is most effective when targeted towards high-risk individuals.
Researchers discovered a gene mutation that doubles AMPK activity in muscle during rest, leading to increased glycogen storage and decreased fat stores. This finding has significant implications for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and provides valuable information for pharmaceutical research.
A new eating model, ecSatter, suggests that managing weight and staying healthy requires a positive experience of eating. The model, developed by Ellyn Satter and Barbara Lohse, emphasizes permission and discipline to cultivate effective eating attitudes and behavior.
The National Institutes of Health has awarded the University of Chicago Medical Center nearly $23 million to conduct translational research. This project aims to develop personalized therapies and improve access to medical care for the diverse population of the South Side of Chicago, where health disparities are prevalent.
Researchers found that administering hydrogen sulfide directly into the heart during a simulated heart attack significantly reduces tissue and cell damage. The study showed a 72% reduction in severe heart-tissue death after restoring normal oxygen and blood flow.
Lisa Feldman Barrett, a BC psychology professor, has developed a 'conceptual act' model that explains emotions as conceptual acts, challenging traditional views of emotions and their role in mental and physical health. Her research aims to shape a new paradigm for the scientific study of emotion.
Researchers analyzed relationships between apolipoprotein E genotypes and lipid levels, as well as coronary risk. They found that E2/E2 genotype was associated with lower LDL-C values and reduced coronary risk compared to other genotypes.
A new study has found that bats exhibit unparalleled genetic variation in the FOXP2 gene, which is linked to their unique ability of echolocation. This discovery adds weight to the theory that FOXP2 plays a crucial role in the sensory-motor coordination of vocalizations.
The NIH is awarding $105 million to 41 innovative investigators through the Pioneer and New Innovator Awards. These grants will support groundbreaking research in various fields, including neuroscience, physics, and biology.
The second European survey on cancer research funding shows that Europe contributes significantly to global efforts, with a total spend of €3.2 billion in 2004. The report highlights the need for less bureaucracy and over-management to further world-class cancer research in Europe.
A new antibiotic combination could dramatically shorten TB treatment time from six months to four months, with a cure rate increasing by 17 percent after two months of therapy. Researchers say the shorter treatment period may also reduce transmission and improve drug compliance.
Researchers found that cholesterol limits the activity of a key protective protein called transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), allowing atherosclerosis to develop. Statins, which lower cholesterol levels, enhance TGF-beta's protective qualities.
A new study suggests that training programs promoting balanced activity of the inner and outer thigh muscles may help protect the ACL from injury. The research found that women tend to activate their outer thigh muscles more than their inner thigh muscles when preparing to land from a jump, leading to a larger valgus knee angle.
Elinor Ostrom proposes a flexible framework for resource management, considering factors such as governance systems, resource users, and innate productivity. The framework aims to improve conservation strategies by working with local people and adapting to unpredictable human behavior.
Heldwein's research aims to understand how herpesviruses enter host cells using structural and biophysical approaches. Her work has identified the shape of one protein that allows viruses to gain entry into cells.
Scientists have developed a rapid prenatal test for Down syndrome that produces accurate results within two hours. The new method uses digital polymerase chain reaction and is potentially cheaper and simpler than existing tests, reducing the workload of lab personnel.
The UT Southwestern-based collaboration aims to speed the transfer of laboratory discoveries to new therapies that improve human health. The initiative will carry out several key functions, including improved design of clinical research studies and expanding outreach efforts to medically underserved communities.
Researchers found that chronic caregivers develop genetic and molecular changes that effectively age their bodies by four to eight years, resulting in a shortened lifespan. Caregivers also exhibit severe depression symptoms and weakened immune systems, contributing to the negative effects of chronic stress.
A new study proposes a universal rule to explain the equilibrium of plant populations, identifying phytoplankton as the shortest-lived species and trees that can live for centuries. The research suggests that plant mortality is highly temperature-sensitive, with potential increases of 40% in land temperatures above 4ºC.
Dr. Anthony S. Fauci has been recognized for his role in developing the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) and Project Bioshield, two major U.S. public health programs. He has made significant contributions to understanding AIDS pathogenesis and has advised several administrations on global HIV/AIDS issues.
Researchers developed a framework to address health-care information technology's unintended consequences, which can reduce medication errors but also produce unforeseen issues. They emphasize the need for real-time evaluations to identify and remedy these problems before they cause lasting harm.
The NIH is expanding its national clinical and translational research consortium, adding 12 new academic health centers to the existing network. This expansion aims to facilitate collaboration and accelerate the translation of research into real-world treatments.
Scientists have developed a novel 3D cell culture technology that more accurately reflects human tissue structure and behavior. This technology can lead to reduced animal testing and improved drug discovery efficiency.
Researchers in India suggest that landfill mining can recover recyclable materials, reduce landfill space, and produce compost. The study found that up to half of material dumped at open stabilized dumpsites could be recovered and reused as compost or daily cover material for landfills.
A recent study using metagenomics reveals a surprising high number of quorum sensing genes in the deep Mediterranean, indicating microbes associate with detritus particles. These bacteria have been found to be luminescent, possibly to attract prey in the food-scarce environment.
Yu aims to overcome limitations in current bone grafting procedures by developing biodegradable polymeric 3D scaffolds with optimal porosity and surface area, enabling nutrient transport and cell penetration for successful repair of large bone defects.
A new study found that infant crib bumper pads can cause suffocation, strangulation, and wedging, posing a risk of accidental death or injury to babies. The researchers recommend eliminating the use of bumper pads in cribs and bassinets due to their potential hazards.
A study by Sean Phipps found that children with cancer are emotionally well-adjusted and have lower levels of depression and anxiety compared to their healthy peers. They tend to have a repressive adaptive style, which helps them cope with stress and emotions.
The Johns Hopkins Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (ICTR) aims to speed up the translation of promising research from labs to clinics and eventually to communities. The ICTR will support over 100 faculty members across various schools, enabling them to form relationships with outside organizations and partner with heal...
Four young University of Chicago scientists, Margaret Gardel and Rustem Ismagilov, will receive $2.5 million each for biological research over five years. Additionally, Kristen Jacobson and Dorothy Sipkins will receive $1.5 million each for psychiatric and medical research, respectively.
A long-term study found that stem cell transplant patients experience decreased sexual function and activity, particularly in females. While males recover partially over time, females remain compromised. The study suggests systemic therapies and chronic graft-versus-host disease contribute to sexual dysfunction.
A recent study published in the Journal of Periodontology found that smokers experience greater residual gum recession after periodontal plastic surgery. The two-year study showed smokers had less desirable long-term outcomes compared to non-smokers. Quitting smoking before oral surgery can improve treatment success, according to experts.
The algorithm introduces a new method for predicting RNA pseudoknots using heuristic modeling with mapping and sequential folding. It identifies information about flexibility and suggests that many biological RNA molecules are optimized by natural selection to fold correctly.
Researchers found that selective attention increases both neural gain and feature selectivity of the human auditory cortex. The study used electroencephalographic event-related potentials to measure task performance in healthy volunteers, revealing a complementary mechanism to existing explanations.
Nurses describe competing priorities, balancing family needs, and practicing deterrents such as pay inequity and lack of respect. However, collegial support emerges as a crucial factor in maintaining their dedication to the profession.
The study proposes new methods to detect pesticide residue (carbamates) and antibiotic residue (sulfonamides) in water, plant foods and animal-derived foods. The developed methods are innovative, sensitive, and environmentally friendly alternatives to existing detection techniques.
A new blood test has been developed to detect lung cancer in its earliest stage, promising improved diagnosis and treatment options. The test targets the Human Aspartyl (Asparaginyl) ß-Hydroxylase protein, which is abnormally expressed on the surface of cancer cells.
The University of Wisconsin-Madison's Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (ICTR) has received a $41 million NIH grant to build a network of partners across campus and around the state. This initiative aims to accelerate biomedical discoveries into practical healthcare applications, with a focus on community-based research...
A study examines the impact of genetic screening for Gaucher disease on pregnant couples, revealing a 66% reduction in birth prevalence of moderate type 1 GD through terminations. However, it is debatable whether this represents a true benefit, highlighting the need for a combination of traditional and medical counseling.
A national survey found racial differences in knowledge and beliefs about Alzheimer's disease, with blacks and Hispanics more hopeful about research advances and reporting lifestyle changes to reduce risk. Despite increased knowledge over the past two decades, misconceptions remain among large segments of the population.
Researchers have developed a new blood screening technique that can detect early-stage liver cancer and predict treatment outcomes. They detected an altered version of RASSF1A, a tumor-suppressing gene, in the blood of HCC patients and HBV-infected test subjects, with promising results.
The RT3 accelerometer measures walking intensity, providing an accurate alternative to traditional questionnaires. Researchers found that only 15% of Americans meet the recommended physical activity level, with people with disabilities getting even less.
Research suggests that frequent nocturnal hemodialysis can reduce the need for blood pressure medications and improve quality of life measures. However, it did not show benefits in anemia management. The study found reduced left ventricular hypertrophy and improved mineral metabolism.
Researchers found that synesthetes' experience brighter colors when seeing or thinking of frequently used digits. This effect is not limited to synaesthetes, as non-synaesthetes also associate more luminous colors with common digits.
Researchers have identified a panel of 15 genes that can serve as a biomarker for lung cancer, which may help identify individuals at high risk for the disease. The test, which analyzed gene activity in lung cells, showed a 96% accuracy rate in identifying lung cancer patients.
University at Buffalo researchers have made significant breakthroughs in genetic engineering of micro-organisms into cellular factories, enabling the production of high-value chemicals and pharmaceutical compounds. The team has successfully produced flavonoids with yields far above previous microbial synthesis efforts.
Researchers at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center have developed a new therapy using re-engineered human T cells that can recognize and kill cancerous B cells. The treatment showed promising results in mice, eradicating cancer in 44% of those with human ALL tumors.
Researchers at The Origins Project aim to understand which molecules and chemical reactions led to the emergence of life on Earth. They will investigate the formation of lifelike polymers and their evolution into life as we know it.
A new study by the University of Georgia shows that when animals cannot choose their preferred mate, females and males find ways to compensate, increasing the chances of their offspring's survival. This supports the Compensation Hypothesis, which suggests individuals can pass on genes even under less-than-ideal circumstances.
A recent study found that chronic viral infections can persist by targeting fibroblastic reticular cells (FRC) in lymphoid organs, disrupting the function of these cells. The researchers discovered a potential link between this mechanism and the PD-1 pathway, which may inhibit immune responses to chronic infections.
A study by Penn State found that individuals with higher eating competence have a lower risk of cardiovascular disease. The research suggests that training people in becoming eating competent may be an effective way to encourage healthy eating behaviors.
A new study finds that maternal depression and controlling behavior are linked to increased stress responses in infants, as measured by cortisol levels. Infants of depressed mothers had lower pre-stress cortisol levels and a correlation between mother and infant cortisol levels.
Fernandez-Funez will study ways to protect brain cells from damage by prions using genetically engineered flies that produce proteins like those found in 'mad cow' disease. His goal is to find new mechanisms of prion neurotoxicity and develop protective chaperone proteins.
The Shape Up Somerville program, a 3-year community intervention targeting first to third graders, successfully reduced BMI z scores in high-risk children. Dr. Christina Economos' research highlights the importance of environmental changes and community spirit in promoting healthy behaviors.
Only 29% of women surveyed knew about the landmark hormone therapy study two years after its announcement, highlighting a flawed mechanism for communicating crucial health information to patients. The study found that discussions with physicians were key to retaining this knowledge, but many women reported never having such conversations.