Researchers demonstrate ability to attach gold nanoparticles to proteins, forming protein-gold arrays for deciphering protein structures, identifying functional parts, and targeted drug delivery. Applications include catalysts for biomass energy conversion and precision vehicles for tumor targeting.
Research at Wake Forest University reveals that young children do not learn language skills from television programs, but rather from adult speakers. Children under 2 years old are most receptive to learning with responsive language teachers.
Autistic individuals often struggle with interpreting subtle social cues like facial expressions and tone of voice. A UCLA study found that explicit instructions can train their brains to respond appropriately. Researchers trained ASD children to pay attention to these cues, resulting in increased activity in the brain's 'social' network.
A CU-Boulder team is part of a massive field campaign studying tropical storms' impact on global warming and stratospheric ozone depletion. The team will use three NASA aircraft, seven satellites, and other instruments to collect data on chemical compounds, high-altitude clouds, and their influence on the Earth's radiation budget.
Researchers have discovered that attaching polymeric nanoparticles to red blood cells increases their in vivo lifetime. This breakthrough could lead to new treatments for cancer, blood clots, and heart disease by providing sustained release of drugs.
Researchers have developed a new tool that uses patient characteristics such as age, gender, race, and tumor site to estimate conditional survival. This will enable personalized predictions of prognosis for head and neck cancer patients.
The Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation has named 18 new Damon Runyon Fellows, outstanding postdoctoral scientists conducting innovative cancer research. The fellows will receive three-year awards of up to $375,000 to pursue their projects, supporting the nation's most promising young investigators in cancer research.
A University of Florida and University of Minnesota study shows that adolescents attending schools in neighborhoods with high alcohol ad presence tend to want to drink more. The study found that exposure to outdoor ads boosts kids' urge to drink, even among those who weren't drinking previously.
A team of researchers at the University of Illinois has discovered a key gene involved in the development of the epididymis, a critical structure for sperm fertility. The gene, inhibin beta A, plays a vital role in stimulating cell growth and differentiation, leading to the formation of the epididymal tube.
Nepalese researchers have identified Gatifloxacin as a more effective and affordable treatment option for drug-resistant typhoid fever. The study, funded by the Wellcome Trust, has significant implications for treating enteric fever in areas with high levels of drug resistance.
Sukhishvili will support national biomedical research efforts with her expertise in biomaterials and biointerfaces. She will review grant applications, make recommendations, and contribute to the quality of peer review at the NIH.
A NASA airborne expedition will investigate how chemical compounds are transported into the stratosphere, affecting cloud formation and climate. The mission aims to document the life cycle of widespread clouds and understand their impact on a warming climate.
A survey of 700 surgical residents found that over half failed to report needle-stick injuries involving patients with bloodborne pathogens. Residents claim they are too busy or fear disrupting their work, but early reporting can prevent infection in up to 90% cases.
The Parkinson's Institute has received a $1 million grant from the Valley Foundation to support its STOP PD program, which aims to identify compounds to halt Parkinson's disease progression. The new facility will enable expanded research and patient services, offering improved care for those diagnosed with Parkinson's.
Purdue researchers used CARS imaging to study how the myelin sheath is degraded by lysophosphatidylcholine. The findings suggest that calcium ions activate enzymes that break down proteins and molecules in the myelin, leading to its degradation. This research may lead to new treatments for multiple sclerosis.
Researchers have found that treating mice with tularemia-specific antibodies can protect them against the bacteria, enhancing immune responses and acting as a surrogate vaccine. This approach could be particularly useful in cases of bioterrorism, providing rapid and specific protection to individuals with weakened immune systems.
Cardiff University's Peter Wells warns that a 'Green Junta' could bring about an authoritarian agenda in the name of sustainability. He argues that consensus among multiple stakeholders is increasingly inadequate to create sustainable societies, and a strong government may be necessary to implement drastic changes.
A large Canadian family study found that both fathers and mothers with multiple sclerosis equally transmitted the genetic risk of the disease to their children. The study contradicts previous findings suggesting men may be more likely to pass on the risk, contradicting the Carter effect.
Chemists from UCLA and the University of Florence have made progress in understanding ALS by identifying copper and zinc's lack as a factor in protein misfolding. This hypothesis could lead to treatment advancements, but further investigation is needed.
Researchers found that a specific enzyme, ATM, plays a crucial role in shutting down transcription near sites of DNA damage, ensuring repair in an undisturbed environment. This discovery could lead to a better understanding of genetic aberrations and cancer development in individuals with ATM deficiency.
A new study finds that children whose mothers were exposed to second-hand smoke during pregnancy exhibit more symptoms of ADHD and conduct disorder compared to those with no prenatal exposure. The research suggests that nicotine affects brain development during pregnancy, leading to behavioral problems in children.
Researchers at UCSB discovered a method to extend nanoparticles' in vivo lifetime by attaching them to red blood cells, potentially revolutionizing drug delivery. The attachment allows particles to evade phagocytosis and remain in circulation for up to 120 days.
A review of 12 studies found that computerized physician order entry systems can reduce medication errors by up to 66%. However, the incidence of one type of error, prescribing the wrong drug, did not decrease. The study highlights the importance of implementing CPOE systems in hospitals to improve patient safety.
Researchers at USC Information Sciences Institute have found a new source of artificial intelligence computing power in people's collective tagging activities on the social web. By extracting metadata from these interactions, they can improve information classification, reliability, and meaning.
Cancer researcher Peter Duesberg's chromosomal theory of cancer suggests that each cancer is unique and resistant to drugs due to aneuploidy, a chromosomal disruption that can be seen easily through a microscope. This theory supports the development of drug resistance in cancer cells.
Scientists from NOAA's Earth System Research Lab will conduct a field study in Costa Rica to observe the troposphere during the rainy season. They aim to understand key processes related to climate change, the stratospheric ozone layer, and global chemistry.
A study published by the American Academy of Neurology found that older adults with high levels of cognitive activity were 2.6 times less likely to develop dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Frequent cognitive stimulation during old age was associated with reduced risk of mild cognitive impairment and slower decline in cognitive function.
The discovery reveals how efficient neutron stars can be as cosmic power factories and shows they rival black holes in generating powerful jets. The X-ray jet is found to be almost as efficient as one from a black hole, with a surprising high percentage of energy converted into powering the jet.
A genetic factor has been identified that predicts prognosis in brain tumor patients. The Notch2 gene is a key regulator of developmental processes and its loss positively predicts survival in subgroups of brain tumor cases. This finding offers new targets for molecular intervention to develop drugs against this severe human disease.
The use of computerized physician order entry systems has been shown to significantly reduce medication errors, with a 66% decrease in prescription errors reported. The systems also improve patient safety and ease the workload for pharmacists by reducing the need for deciphering handwritten prescriptions.
A new report from The Commonwealth Fund shows that providing minority patients with a 'medical home' can help eliminate racial and ethnic health care disparities. When insured adults have access to regular care and coordination, they are more likely to manage chronic conditions, receive preventive care, and have better health outcomes.
In a study on female Galápagos marine iguanas, researchers found that females devote substantial energy to picking among suitors, with visiting attractive males carrying the highest costs. This includes weight loss and reduced egg production, as well as decreased chances for survival during food-scarce seasons.